''Margarites'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Margaritidae Margaritidae is a family of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Trochoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).Bouchet, P. (2012). Margaritidae. Accessed through: World Register o ...

. This genus belonged previously to the subfamily Margaritinae in the family

Turbinidae Turbinidae, the turban snails, are a family of small to large marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Trochoidea.Bouchet, P. (2014). Turbinidae Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecie ...

Description

This genus consists of small species of variable size between 3 mm and 15 mm. The Alaskan specimens of ''

Margarites costalis ''Margarites costalis'', common name the boreal rosy margarite or the northern ridged margarite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. ;Subspecies: * ''Margarites costalis baxteri'' J. H. McLean, 1995 ...

'' reach almost 25 mm in diameter. Their flat shell has a turbiniform shape with convex whorls and a typical iridescent lustre.

Species

Species within the genus ''Margarites'' include: * '' Margarites albolineatus'' (E. A. Smith, 1899) * '' Margarites angulatus'' Galkin, 1955 * ''

Margarites argentatus ''Margarites argentatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. ''Margarites argentatus'' var. ''gigantea'' Leche, 1878 is accepted as '' Margarites giganteus'' (Leche, 1878) Description The height o ...

'' (Gould, 1841) * '' Margarites atlantoides'' (Quinn, 1992) * '' Margarites avachensis'' Galkin, 1955 x Bartsch MS/small> * '' Margarites avenosooki'' MacGinitie, 1959 * '' Margarites bairdii'' (Dall, 1889) * '' Margarites biconica'' Numanami, 1996 * '' Margarites bisikovi'' Egorov, 2000 * '' Margarites cabernet'' Egorov, 2000 * '' Margarites calliostomoides'' Egorov, 2000 * ''

'' (Gould, 1841) * '' Margarites crebrilirulata'' (Smith, 1907) * '' Margarites dnopherus'' (Watson, 1879) * '' Margarites ecarinatus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''

Margarites giganteus ''Margarites giganteus'', common name the giant margarite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. Description The height of the shell attains 6 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off No ...

'' (Leche, 1878) * '' Margarites glabrus'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 * ''

Margarites groenlandicus ''Margarites groenlandicus'', common name the Greenland margarite or wavy top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. There are two subspecies : * ''Margarites groenlandicus groenlandicus'' (Gmel ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * '' Margarites gunnerusensis'' Numanami, 1996 * ''

Margarites helicinus ''Margarites helicinus'', common name the helicina margarite or spiral margarite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae. ''Margarites helicinus'' has been established by Phipps in 1774 and not by Fabri ...

'' (Phipps, 1774) * '' Margarites hickmanae'' J. H. McLean, 1984 * '' Margarites huloti'' Vilvens & Sellanes, 2006 * '' Margarites imperialis'' Simone & Birman, 2006 * '' Margarites keepi'' Smith & Gordon, 1948 * '' Margarites kophameli'' (Strebel, 1905) * '' Margarites koreanicus'' (Dall, 1919) * '' Margarites laminarum'' (Jeffreys, 1883) * '' Margarites miona'' Dall, 1927 * '' Margarites mirabilis'' Simone & Birman, 2006 * '' Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827) * '' Margarites picturatus'' Golikov, in Golikov & Scarlato, 1967 * ''

Margarites pilsbryi ''Margarites pilsbryi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae,.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Margarites pilsbryi'' Kuroda & Habe, 1952. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinesp ...

'' Kuroda & Habe, 1952 * ''

Margarites pribiloffensis ''Margarites pribiloffensis'', common name the Pribiloff margarite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Margaritidae.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Margarites pribiloffensis''. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' (Dall, 1919) * '' Margarites pupillus'' (Gould, 1849) * '' Margarites refulgens'' (Smith, 1907) * '' Margarites rossicus'' Dall, 1919 * '' Margarites ryukyuensis'' Okutani, Sasaki & Tsuchida, 2000 * '' Margarites salmoneus'' (Carpenter, 1864) * '' Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849) * '' Margarites scintillans'' (Watson, 1879) * '' Margarites shinkai'' Okutani, Tsuchida & Fujikura, 1992 * '' Margarites simbla'' Dall, 1913 * '' Margarites smithi'' Bartsch, 1927 * '' Margarites sordidus'' (Hancock, 1846) * '' Margarites striatus'' (Leach, 1841) * '' Margarites toroides'' Hoffman, van Heugten & Lavaleye, 2011 * '' Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842) * '' Margarites vityazi'' Egorov, 2000 * '' Margarites vorticiferus'' (Dall, 1873) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Margarites acuticostatus'' Carpenter, 1864: synonym of '' Parviturbo acuticostatus'' (Carpenter, 1864) * ''Margarites alabastrum'' "Beck, H.H. MS" Lovén, S.L., 1846: synonym of ''

Calliostoma occidentale ''Calliostoma occidentale'', common name the boreal topsnail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Description The size of the shell varies between 6 mm and 17 mm. The shell is rather ...

'' (Mighels, J.W. & C.B. Adams, 1842) * ''Margarites albula'' Gould, A.A., 1861: synonym of ''

Solariella obscura ''Solariella obscura'', common name the obscure solarelle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Solariellidae. Distribution This marine species occurs circum-Arctic, in the Northern Pacific Ocean and in the Northe ...

'' (Couthouy, J.P., 1838) * ''Margarites beringensis'' (E. A. Smith, 1899): synonym of ''

'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites biangulosus'' (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of ''

Minolia biangulosa ''Pseudominolia biangulosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Pseudominolia biangulosa'' (A. Adams, 1854). Accessed through: Wo ...

'' (A. Adams, 1854) * ''Margarites cinereus'' Filatova, Z.A. & B.I. Zatsepin, 1948: synonym of ''

'' (Gould, 1841) * ''Margarites clausus'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 : synonym of '' Cantharidoscops clausus'' (Golikov & Gulbin, 1978) * ''Margarites diaphanus'' Gray, 1847: synonym of ''

'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites dnopherus'' Rios, 1994 (non Watson, 1879): synonym of '' Margarites mirabilis'' Simone & Birman, 2006 * ''Margarites dulcis'' E. A. Smith, 1907: synonym of '' Antimargarita dulcis'' (E. A. Smith, 1907) * ''Margarites elevatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''

'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites erythrocoma'' Dall, 1889: synonym of ''

Pseudostomatella erythrocoma ''Pseudostomatella erythrocoma'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Distribution This species occurs in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea and off the Les ...

'' (Dall, 1889) * ''Margarites euspira'' (Dall, 1881): synonym of '' Bathymophila euspira'' (Dall, 1881) * ''Margarites excavatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''

'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites expansa'' Sowerby I, 1838: synonym of '' Margarella expansa'' (Sowerby I, 1838) * ''Margarites frigidus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Cantharidoscops frigidus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Margarites gemma'' E.A. Smith, 1915: synonym of '' Falsimargarita gemma'' (E.A. Smith, 1915) * ''Margarites glauca'' Möller, H.P.C., 1842: synonym of '' Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Margarites grosvenori'' Dall, 1926: synonym of '' Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Margarites hypolispus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Margarites impervia'' Strebel, 1908: synonym of '' Lissotesta impervia'' (Strebel, 1908) * ''Margarites johnsoni'' Dall, W.H., 1921: synonym of '' Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Margarites kamchaticus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Margarites kurilensis'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978: synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus kurilensis'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 * ''Margarites margaritiferus'' Okutani, 1964: synonym of '' Solariella margaritifera'' (Okutani, 1964) * ''Margarites marginatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites olivaceus marginatus'' Dall, 1919 * ''Margarites mighelsi'' Rehder, H.A., 1937: synonym of '' Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Margarites minima'' Seguenza, 1876: synonym of '' Lissotesta minima'' (Seguenza, 1876) * ''Margarites ochotensis'' (Philippi, 1846): synonym of '' Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Margarites pauperculus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Solariella varicosa'' (Mighels & Adams, 1842) * ''Margarites pruinosa'' Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of ''

Margarella pruinosa ''Margarella pruinosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Margarella pruinosa'' (Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http ...

'' (Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885) * ''Margarites regalis'' Verrill & Smith, 1880: synonym of '' Calliotropis regalis'' (Verrill & Smith, 1880) * ''Margarites rudis'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''

'' (Gould, 1841) * ''Margarites shannonicus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites striatus'' (Leach, 1841) * ''Margarites striata striata'' Galkin, Y.I., 1955: synonym of ''

'' (Gould, 1841) * ''Margarites umbilicalis'' Broderip & Sowerby, 1829: synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus umbilicalis'' Broderip & Sowerby, 1829 * ''Margarites undulatus'' (G.B. Sowerby, I, 1838): synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Margarites violacea'' King & Broderip, 1832: synonym of '' Margarella violacea'' (King & Broderip, 1832) * ''Margarites vorticifer'' (Dall, 1873): synonym of '' Margarites vorticiferus'' (Dall, 1873) * ''Margarites wacei'' Melvill & Standen, 1918: synonym of '' Margarella wacei'' (Melvill & Standen, 1918) ; Nomina dubia : * ''Margarites multilineatus'' DeKay, 1843 * ''Margarites ornatus'' (De Kay, 1843) * ''Margarites sigaretinus'' (Sowerby I, 1838)

References

* Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca.'' American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp. * Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.'' Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213 * Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). ''All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia''. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp {{Taxonbar, from=Q3140158 Margaritidae Gastropod genera