Marcel Jouhandeau

Marcel Jouhandeau (July 26, 1888 Guéret – April 7, 1979) was a French writer.

Biography

Born in Guéret, Creuse, France, Marcel Jouhandeau grew up in a world of women presided over by his grandmother. Under the influence of a young woman from the Carmel of Limoges, he embraced a spiritual form of Catholicism and considered entering the orders for a time. However, in 1908 he left for Paris where he studied first at the Lycée Henri-IV, and then at the Sorbonne, where he began to write. In 1912 he became a professor at a school at Passy.

In his youth, Marcel Jouhandeau began experiencing homosexual urges. Although he felt guilty and believed he was offending God, his feelings of shame did not prevent him from engaging in numerous homosexual acts. Throughout his life, Jouhandeau alternated between celebrating the male body and feeling mortified in regards to his sexuality. In 1914, during a spiritual crisis, he burned his manuscripts and attempted suicide. Once the crisis had passed, he turned again to writing. He created ''Pincegrain'', the village chronicles that brought him his first literary success.

During World War I, he was a secretary in his hometown of Guéret. In 1924, he published ''Pincegrain'', a chronicle of the inhabitants of Guéret, which shocked the people of the town. His voyages became an opportunity to indulge in homosexuality, as he recounted in the ''Amateur d'imprudences''.

At age 40, he married a dancer, Élisabeth (Elise) Toulemont, known as Caryathis, the former mistress of Charles Dullin and an intimate friend of Jean Cocteau and Max Jacob. She hoped to rid him of his homosexual leanings. During this period he undertook a work of Christian moralism (''De l'abjection'') before, much to the dismay of his wife, tumbling again into the arms of men, which he wrote about in ''Chronique d'une passion'', ''Eloge de la volupté'' and ''Tirésias''.

Nevertheless, Jouhandeau and his wife adopted a girl named Céline, who gave birth to Jouhandeau's grandson, Marc. Following Élise's death in 1971, Jouhandeau lived his last days in Rueil-Malmaison with Marc.

In 1938, Jouhandeau published four anti-Semitic articles in a short volume, "Le Péril Juif" (The Jewish Peril). During the Nazi occupation of France, he accepted Goebbels' invitation to visit Germany. David M. Halperin, ''What Do Gay Men Want?: An Essay on Sex, Risk, and Subjectivity'', Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2007, p. 71.

Bibliography

* La jeunesse de Théophile (1921)
* Les Pincengrain (1924)
* Prudence Hautechaume (1927)
* Monsieur Godeau intime (1926)
* L'amateur d'imprudences (1932)
* Monsieur Godeau marié (1933)
* Chaminadour (1934-1941)
* Algèbre des valeurs morales (1935)
* Le Peril Juif, Editions Sorlot, 1938.
* Chroniques maritales (1938)
* De l'abjection (1939)
* Essai sur moi-même (1947)
* Scènes de la vie conjugale (1948)
* Mémorial (1948)
* La faute plutôt que le scandale (1949)
* Chronique d'une passion (1949)
* Eloge de la volupté (1951)
* Dernières années et mort de Véronique (1953)
* Contes d'enfer (1955)
* Léonara ou les dangers de la vertu (1955)
* Carnets de l'écrivain (1957)
* L'école des filles (1960)
* Journaliers (1961-1978)
* Les instantanés de la mémoire (1962)
* Trois crimes rituels (1962)
* Le Pur Amour (1970)
* Pages égarées (1980)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jouhandeau, Marcel
1888 births
1979 deaths
People from Guéret
French collaborators with Nazi Germany
People affiliated with Action Française
20th-century French novelists
French diarists
French gay writers
Burials at Montmartre Cemetery
Lycée Henri-IV alumni
20th-century French male writers