Manuel Antonin Ildefonse Cypriano Luque de Soria (1853/54,

Almería Almería (, , ) is a city and municipalities in Spain, municipality of Spain, located in Andalusia. It is the capital of the province of Almería, province of the same name. It lies in southeastern Iberian Peninsula, Iberia on the Mediterranean S ...

- 8 November 1924,

Autun Autun () is a Subprefectures in France, subprefecture of the Saône-et-Loire Departments of France, department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Regions of France, region of central-eastern France. It was founded during the Principate era of the e ...

) was a Spanish-born

caricaturist A caricaturist is an artist who specializes in drawing caricatures. List of caricaturists * Abed Abdi (born 1942) * Abril Lamarque (1904–1999) * Al Hirschfeld (1903–2003) * Alex Gard (1900–1948) * Alexander Saroukhan (1898–1977) * Alfre ...

lithographer Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German ...

, designer and painter, who spent most of his career in Paris.

Biography

He was born to a family of modest means. At the age of sixteen, he went to Madrid where, in 1873, he found employment as a cartoonist, with ', a short-lived satirical journal. His future style was heavily influenced by the journal's Director,

José Luis Pellicer José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced very differently in each of the two languages: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , ...

, who was a patron to numerous young artists. While there, he made contributions to other similar publications. In 1875, he was in Paris; living in the

Latin Quarter The Latin Quarter of Paris (, ) is an urban university campus in the 5th and the 6th arrondissements of Paris. It is situated on the left bank of the Seine, around the Sorbonne. Known for its student life, lively atmosphere, and bistros, t ...

. He contacted Pierre Véron, the Editor-in-Chief of ''

Le Charivari ''Le Charivari'' was an illustrated magazine published in Paris, France, from 1832 to 1937. It published caricatures, political cartoons and reviews. After 1835, when the government banned political caricature, ''Le Charivari'' began publishing ...

'' and ''

Journal Amusant ''Journal amusant'' was a French weekly satirical magazine published from 1856 until 1933. It was founded by the caricaturist, journalist, and publisher Charles Philipon. The magazine's immediate predecessor was ''Journal pour rire'' which Phili ...

'', who helped establish his reputation as a caricaturist in France. Although he returned to Madrid in 1876, he continued to send drawings to Véron. From 1879 to 1880, together with , he decorated the salons at the and the . He returned to Paris in 1881, and would remain in France for the rest of his life. Between 1885 and 1890, he was the primary contributor of cover illustrations for the series, ', edited by

André Gill André Gill (17 October 1840 – 1 May 1885) was a French caricaturist. Born Louis-Alexandre Gosset de Guînes at Paris, the son of the Comte de Guînes and Sylvie-Adeline Gosset, Gill studied at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture. ...

and Félicien Champsaur. He created 68 altogether, the best known of which depicts

Arthur Rimbaud Jean Nicolas Arthur Rimbaud (, ; ; 20 October 1854 – 10 November 1891) was a French poet known for his transgressive and surreal themes and for his influence on modern literature and arts, prefiguring surrealism. Born in Charleville, he s ...

(1888). On the basis of that, he was commissioned to provide a series of engraved portraits for ''

Les Poètes maudits LES or Les may refer to: People * Les (given name) * Les (surname) * L.E.S. (producer), hip hop producer Space flight * Launch Entry Suit, worn by Space Shuttle crews * Launch escape system, for spacecraft emergencies * Lincoln Experimental S ...

'', by

Paul Verlaine Paul-Marie Verlaine ( ; ; 30 March 1844 – 8 January 1896) was a French poet associated with the Symbolism (movement), Symbolist movement and the Decadent movement. He is considered one of the greatest representatives of the ''fin de siècle'' ...

. He then illustrated ''Les Courses de taureaux'', by

Armand Dayot Armand Dayot, (19 October 1851 – 2 October 1934), was a French art critic, art historian and leftist politician. He was born in Paimpol, Côtes-d'Armor, Brittany. He founded the journal ''L'Art et les artistes'' and the Breton liberal organisat ...

. In 1892, he began a second career as a painter; exhibiting his works in Madrid for many years. At the same time, he once again provided caricatures for a Spanish publication, ''

Blanco y Negro Blanco y Negro Records (Spanish: "White and Black"), a subsidiary of WEA Records Ltd., was established in 1983 by Geoff Travis of Rough Trade Records and Mike Alway of él Records. Michel Duval of Les Disques du Crépuscule was also involve ...

''. He married the widow, Yvonne de Courneau de Bosquet, from

La Garenne-Colombes La Garenne-Colombes () is a Communes of France, commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from Notre Dame de Paris, France's kilometre zero. Name The commune used to be part of the neighbouring city of Colombes. At t ...

, in 1908. Shortly after, they moved to Autun, where he died in 1924. Some of his original works may be seen there, at the

Musée Rolin The Musée Rolin is an art museum in Autun, Burgundy, France. Created in 1878 on the initiative of the , it is located on the site of the former home of Chancellor Nicolas Rolin. Its collections range from Gallo-Roman archaeology to 20th centur ...

Selected covers from ''Les Hommes d'aujourd'hui''

File:Les Hommes N 351 Gustave Eiffel.jpg, The engineer,

Gustave Eiffel Alexandre Gustave Eiffel ( , ; Bonickhausen dit Eiffel; 15 December 1832 – 27 December 1923) was a French civil engineer. A graduate of École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures, he made his name with various bridges for the French railway net ...

File:Charles Garnier Les Hommes 313.jpg, The architect,
Charles Garnier File:Les Hommes N 319 J Massenet.jpg, The composer,

Jules Massenet Jules Émile Frédéric Massenet (; 12 May 1842 – 13 August 1912) was a French composer of the Romantic music, Romantic era best known for his operas, of which he wrote more than thirty. The two most frequently staged are ''Manon'' (1884 ...

File:Les Hommes N 321 Guillaume Ier.jpg, Kaiser

Wilhelm I Wilhelm I (Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig; 22 March 1797 – 9 March 1888) was King of Prussia from 1861 and German Emperor from 1871 until his death in 1888. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he was the first head of state of a united Germany. ...

File:Carnot Les Hommes 337.jpg, President
Sadi Carnot File:Stanley Les Hommes 458.jpg, English explorer,
Henry M. Stanley File:Rimbaud Voyelles caricature.jpg, The poet,

Sources

Detailed biography of Luque
@ the

Lázaro Galdiano Museum The Lázaro Galdiano Museum () is an art museum in Madrid, Spain. It houses the art collection of José Lázaro Galdiano. The museum was inaugurated on 27 January 1951. History The palatial building was constructed in 1903 as the residence of ...

. * Manuel Ossorio y Bernard, "Luque (D. Manuel)", In: ''Galería biográfica de artistas españoles del siglo XIX'', 1884, Imprenta de Moreno y Rojas, reprinted by

Nabu Press BiblioBazaar is, with Nabu Press, an imprint of the historical reprints publisher BiblioLife, which is based in Charleston, South Carolina Charleston is the List of municipalities in South Carolina, most populous city in the U.S. state of ...

, 2012,

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Luque, Manuel 1850s births 1924 deaths Year of birth uncertain Spanish caricaturists French caricaturists Spanish emigrants to France French illustrators People from Almería