Manuel Araullo
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Manuel Araullo y Gonzáles (1 January 1853 – 26 July 1924) was the third
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines The chief justice of the Philippines () presides over the Supreme Court of the Philippines, Supreme Court and is the highest judicial officer of the government of the Philippines. As of April 5, 2021, the position is currently held by Alexander ...
. He served from November 1, 1921 until his death on July 26, 1924.


Education

Araullo received his early education at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila and subsequently pursued his secondary education at the
Colegio de San Juan de Letran The Colegio de San Juan de Letran (), also referred to by its acronym CSJL, is a private Catholic coeducational basic and higher education institution owned and run by the friars of the Order of Preachers in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines. I ...
, where he earned a
bachelor's degree A bachelor's degree (from Medieval Latin ''baccalaureus'') or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin ''baccalaureatus'') is an undergraduate degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years ...
in philosophy. Afterward, he spent a year studying theology before transitioning to the field of law. In 1876, he graduated with a
Bachelor of Laws A Bachelor of Laws (; LLB) is an undergraduate law degree offered in most common law countries as the primary law degree and serves as the first professional qualification for legal practitioners. This degree requires the study of core legal subje ...
from the
University of Santo Tomas The University of Santo Tomas (UST; ), officially the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines or colloquially as ''Ustê'' (), is a Private university, private Catholic school, Catholic researc ...
, where he later served as a professor. He passed the bar in 1876.


Legal career

Shortly after earning his law degree, Araullo established his own law practice. However, driven by a desire to broaden his knowledge, he embarked on a journey to Spain in March 1877, where he continued to practice law. In July 1878, he ventured to the major cities of France and England before eventually returning to Spain. It was in December 1878 that he received the title of Doctor of Laws from the Universidad Central de Madrid. In April 1879, Araullo returned to the Philippines to assume the position of
rapporteur A rapporteur is a person who is appointed by an organization to report on the proceedings of its meetings. The term is a French-derived word. For example, Dick Marty was appointed ''rapporteur'' by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Eur ...
(''
relator In mathematics, a presentation is one method of specifying a group. A presentation of a group ''G'' comprises a set ''S'' of generators—so that every element of the group can be written as a product of powers of some of these generators—and ...
)'' of the
Real Audiencia of Manila The Real Audiencia of Manila () was the Real Audiencia of the Spanish East Indies, which included modern-day Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Micronesia and the Philippines. Similar to Real Audiencias throughout the Spanish Empire, it was ...
. He held this position for ten consecutive years. During those ten years, he also served temporarily, on several occasions, as ''Secretario de Gobierno'' and deputy assistant
public prosecutor A prosecutor is a legal representative of the prosecution in states with either the adversarial system, which is adopted in common law, or inquisitorial system, which is adopted in civil law. The prosecution is the legal party responsible ...
(''abogado fiscal)'' of the said Audiencia of Manila. He resigned in April 1890 to take on another position, this time as a''bogado fiscal'' of the ''Audiencia Territorial de
Cebu Cebu ( ; ), officially the Province of Cebu (; ), is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, and consists of a main island and 167 surrounding islands and islets. The coastal zone of Cebu is identified as a ...
.'' He served until his resignation in mid-1891. He returned to Manila where he opened a law office and in 1892, he became a professor of commercial law and public finance at the University of Santo Tomas. In 1899, at the outset of the American occupation, Araullo was designated as the president of the civil branch within the newly reinstated Supreme Court of the Philippine Islands. He served in this capacity for two years before being reassigned as a judge of the
Court of First Instance A trial court or court of first instance is a court having original jurisdiction, in which trials take place. Appeals from the decisions of trial courts are usually heard by higher courts with the power of appellate review (appellate courts). ...
in the 4th Judicial District, covering
Tarlac Tarlac, officially the Province of Tarlac (; ; ; ; ), is a landlocked Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon Regions of the Philippines, region. It had a population of 1,503,456 people according to ...
,
Pampanga Pampanga, officially the Province of Pampanga (; ; ), is a province in Central Luzon in the Philippines. Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga is bordered by Tarlac to the north, Nueva Ecija to the northeast, Bulacan to the east, ...
, and
Nueva Ecija Nueva Ecija, officially the Province of Nueva Ecija ( ; ; ; ), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. Its capital is the city of Palayan, while Cabanatuan, its former capital, is the largest Local gove ...
. In 1903, he returned to Manila to be a judge in the Court of First Instance there. In 1910, Araullo assumed the role of president of the Code Committee, which had been established a year earlier for the purpose of revising and amending the existing civil, commercial, penal, and procedural codes in the country, as well as preparing new codes on said subjects. In 1913, Araullo assumed the position of Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, filling the seat that became vacant when Justice
Victorino Mapa Victorino Montaño Mapa (February 25, 1855 – April 12, 1927) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines and later, as the second Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines under the American colonial Insular ...
was appointed Secretary of Finance and Justice. He later ascended to the position of Chief Justice in 1921, a position he held until his death on July 26, 1924.


References


Further reading

* Cruz, Isagani A. (2000). ''Res Gestae: A Brief History of the Supreme Court''. Rex Book Store, Manila {{DEFAULTSORT:Araullo, Manuel 1853 births 1924 deaths Manuel Araullo People from the Spanish East Indies University of Santo Tomas alumni Academic staff of the University of Santo Tomas 19th-century Filipino lawyers Associate justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines 20th-century Filipino judges