Manjeri () is a major town and municipality in Malappuram district, Kerala, India. It is the fourth-most populous

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

in the state. It is situated southeast of Karipur International Airport and northeast of

Malappuram Malappuram (also Malapuram) () is a municipality and town in Kerala and the headquarters of the Malappuram district in Kerala, India. It is the List of most populous urban agglomerations in Kerala, 4th largest urban agglomeration in Kerala and ...

, the district headquarters, and forms a part of the Malappuram metropolitan area. It is one of the major commercial towns under the Malappuram urban agglomeration and serves as the headquarters of Eranad Taluk. Manjeri Municipality is a local self-government institution with a jurisdiction of three villages, namely Manjeri, Payyanad, and Narukara.

Etymology

History

The remains of pre-historic symbols including

Dolmen A dolmen, () or portal tomb, is a type of single-chamber Megalith#Tombs, megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more upright megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or "table". Most date from the Late Neolithic period (4000 ...

Menhir A menhir (; from Brittonic languages: ''maen'' or ''men'', "stone" and ''hir'' or ''hîr'', "long"), standing stone, orthostat, or lith is a large upright stone, emplaced in the ground by humans, typically dating from the European middle Br ...

s, and Rock-cut caves that have been found from various parts of Manjeri indicates human life at the region in the

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistory, prehistoric period during which Rock (geology), stone was widely used to make stone tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years and ended b ...

itself. The region was under the control of Zamorins in medieval period. There was a set pattern of succession, indicated by ''Sthanams'' (ranks) in the royal line in the Kingdom of Zamorins.V. V., Haridas. ''"King court and culture in medieval Kerala – The Zamorins of Calicut (AD 1200 to AD 1767)"''

Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Mangalore University Five ''Sthanams'' were defined in the kingdom of Zamorin of Calicut, Zamorin, each with its own separate property enjoyed in succession by the senior members of the three ''Kovilakams'' (palaces) of the familyK. V. Krishna Iyer, ''Zamorins of Calicut: From the earliest times to AD 1806''. Calicut: Norman Printing Bureau, 1938. . One of these five ''Sthanams'' came to be known as ''Edattaranadu Nambiyathiri Thirumulpadu'' (the ''Etatralpadu''), which is mentioned in the Manjeri Pulapatta inscription as the overlord of the "Three Hundred" Nairs. The ''Etatralpadu'' used to reside in a palace at Edathara near Manjeri. ''Manjeri Kovilakam'' was one of the seats of the ruling families of the Zamorins of Calicut. Manjeri was once the headquarters and the military centre of the

Kingdom of Mysore The Kingdom of Mysore was a geopolitical realm in southern India founded in around 1399 in the vicinity of the modern-day city of Mysore and prevailed until 1950. The territorial boundaries and the form of government transmuted substantially ...

under

Tipu Sultan Tipu Sultan (, , ''Sultan Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu''; 1 December 1751 – 4 May 1799) commonly referred to as Sher-e-Mysore or "Tiger of Mysore", was a ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore based in South India. He was a pioneer of rocket artillery ...

. Under British rule, Manjeri served as the administrative headquarters of

Eranad Eranad () also known as Ernad refers to the erstwhile province in the midland area of Malabar, consisting of Malappuram and nearby regions such as Anakkayam, Manjeri, Kondotty, Nilambur, etc. Currently Eranad Taluk is a Taluk in Malappuram dis ...

subdistrict, which was the largest subdistrict within the

Malabar District Malabar District, also known as British Malabar or simply Malabar was an administrative district on the southwestern Malabar Coast of Bombay Presidency (1792–1800), Madras Presidency (1800–1950) and finally, Madras State (1950–1956) in ...

. In 1896, the landlords of ''Manjeri Kovilakam'' started to evacuate the

tenants A leasehold estate is an ownership of a temporary right to hold land or property in which a lessee or a tenant has rights of real property by some form of title from a lessor or landlord. Although a tenant does hold rights to real property, a lea ...

from their lands. The landless tenants started to revolt under the leadership of Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji. They seized the land and properties of the landlords. British army came to help the landlords. The conflict caused the British to risk 94 out of 100 soldiers. The Malabar district political conference of

Indian National Congress The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party, or simply the Congress, is a political parties in India, political party in India with deep roots in most regions of India. Founded on 28 December 1885, it was the first mo ...

held at Manjeri on 28 April 1920, fueled

Indian independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British colonial rule. It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed. The first nationalistic ...

and national movement in British Malabar. That conference declared that the

Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms The Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms or more concisely the Mont–Ford Reforms, were introduced by the colonial government to introduce self-governing institutions gradually in British India. The reforms take their name from Edwin Montagu, the Sec ...

were not able to satisfy the needs of

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in South Asia. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another ...

. It also argued for a land reform to seek solutions for the problems caused by tenancy that existed in Malabar. However, the decision widened the drift between extremists and moderates within the Congress. The conference resulted in dissatisfaction of landlords with the Indian National Congress. It caused the leadership of the Malabar district Congress Committee to come under the control of the extremists who stood for labourers and the middle class. The region has been part of movements such as

Khilafat Movement The Khilafat movement (1919–22) was a political campaign launched by Indian Muslims in British India over British policy against Turkey and the planned dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire after World War I by Allied forces. Leaders particip ...

and

Malabar rebellion The Malabar rebellion of 1921 (also called Moplah rebellion, and Mappila rebellion, Malayalam: ''malabār kalāpam'') started as a resistance against the British colonial rule in certain places in the southern part of old Malabar district of pr ...

following the Manjeri conference. It was one of the strongholds of the

Malabar Rebellion The Malabar rebellion of 1921 (also called Moplah rebellion, and Mappila rebellion, Malayalam: ''malabār kalāpam'') started as a resistance against the British colonial rule in certain places in the southern part of old Malabar district of pr ...

in 1921. Manjeri police station was destructed by the rebels on 21 August 1921. The protestors won in removing the colonial rule from the region and establish self-rule for about six months. After Indian independence in 1947, the region continued in

. In 1969, it became a part of the newly formed

Malappuram district Malappuram (), is one of the List of districts of Kerala, 14 districts in the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Kerala, with a coastline of . The most populous district of Kerala, Malappuram is home to around 13% of the tot ...

. Now it forms a part of the Malappuram metropolitan area.

Demographics

Total population under municipality limits is 97,102 according to the 2011 census. Males form 48.6% and females 51.4%.

Malayalam Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian languages, Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (union territory), Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of ...

is the widely spoken language in the town. Manjeri has been a multi-ethnic and multi-religious town since the early

medieval period In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the West ...

. The

Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

s form the largest religious group, followed by

Hindu Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...

s and

Christians A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words '' Christ'' and ''C ...

. The municipality of Manjeri has an average

literacy rate Literacy is the ability to read and write, while illiteracy refers to an inability to read and write. Some researchers suggest that the study of "literacy" as a concept can be divided into two periods: the period before 1950, when literacy was ...

of 95.8%. Saint Gregorios Orthodox Church serves the Malankara Orthodox Christians in Manjeri under the Diocese of Malabar of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church.

Geography

Manjeri is located at . It has an average elevation of 38 metres (124 feet) from sea level.

Civic administration

The town is administered by the Manjeri Municipality, headed by a chairperson. For administrative purposes, the town is divided into 50 wards, from which the members of the municipal council are elected for five years. The municipality comes under the jurisdiction of Manjeri police station (formerly known as Eranad Police Station at the time of its formation), which was formed on 14 April 1879. The apex district court of Malappuram district is at Manjeri and the judicial district is known as Manjeri judicial district.

Manjeri Municipality Election 2020

Wards

Manjeri Municipality is composed of the following 50 wards:

Important Institutions

Government

Courts in Manjeri * Manjeri Judicial District * District Court, Manjeri * Assistant Sessions Court, Manjeri * Fast Track I, Manjeri * Fast Track II, Manjeri * Fast Track III, Manjeri * SC/ST Special Court, Manjeri * MACT Court, Manjeri * CJM Court, Manjeri * Judicial First Class Magistrate Court I Manjeri * Judicial First Class Magistrate Court II (Forest) Manjeri * Municiff Court Manjeri Other Government Institutions within Manjeri

* Municipal Office Manjeri * Government Medical College, Manjeri * Eranad Taluk Office, Manjeri * AIR Manjeri FM Radio Station * Manjeri Postal Division * Head Post Office Manjeri * Excise Range Office, Manjeri * Excise Office, Manjeri * KSEB North & South Offices, Manjeri * Fire & Rescue Unit, Manjeri * BEVCO outlet, Manjeri * Telephone Exchange, Manjeri * KSRTC Station master office, Manjeri * PWD Office, Manjeri * Sub Jail Manjeri * Sales Tax office, Manjeri * Taluk Civil Supply office, Manjeri * Sub Registrar officer, Manjeri * Sub Treasury office, Manjeri * Stamp Dipott Manjeri * Guest House, Manjeri * Water Authority, Anakkayam * Manjeri Circle office * Traffic Unit Manjeri * Cashew nut Research Centre, Anakkayam

Education

Important Educational Institutions within Manjeri * N.S.S College, Manjeri * Eranad Knowledge City, Manjeri * Eranad Knowledge City College of Engineering, Manjeri * Government Medical College, Manjeri * Cooperative Arts & Science College Manjeri * Korambayil Ahammed Haji Memorial Unity Women's College, Manjeri * Govt. Poly Technic Manjeri * Government Boys HSS Manjeri * Govt Girls HSS Manjeri * HMYHSS Manjeri * Govt Higher Secondary School Irumbuzhi Manjeri * Vocational Higher Secondary School Nellikkuth Manjeri * Vocational Higher secondary school Pullanoor * Govt High School Elankoor * Amritha Vidya Peedam Manjeri * NSS English Medium School Manjeri * Govt. LPS Manjeri * Govt.UP School Manjeri * Ace Public School Manjeri * Noble Public School Manjeri * Chinmaya public School * Mubarack English Medium School * Nazareth English medium School * AMUPS Vadakangara * Alfalah Public School * MIC Valluvambram * Blossom Public School * Manavedan UPS Thrikkalangode * Jamia Islamia Higher Secondary school * Shanmugha vilasam School Karikkad * ICS public School Manjeri * Charangavu PMS School Elankur * AMUPS Mullambara * Valluvambram UPS * Khadheeja English Medium Pappinippara * AUPS Pappinippara * Al Huda English Medium Pappinippara * Rahmath Public medium school * AUPS Thottappara * AMLPS Karaparamba * CHM Highschool Pookolathoor * GLPS School Manjeri Vayapparappadi * Good Hope School Mangalassery

Healthcare

Important Healthcare Institutions within Manjeri * Government Medical College, Manjeri * Government General Hospital, Manjeri * Government TB Hospital, Manjeri * Eranad Hospital Manjeri * Prasanthi Hi tech Hospital, Manjeri * Malabar Hospital Manjeri * KMH Hospital Manjeri * Manu Memorial Hospital Manjeri * Mana sneha Hospital, Muttipalam, Manjeri * Ayurvedic Hospital Mullambara Manjeri * Govt Primary Health Centre Mangalassery * Govt Primary Health Centre Thrippanachi * Veterinary hospital Manjeri * Veterinary hospital Pookolathoor

Finance

Important Financial Institutions within Manjeri * Union Bank Of India Manjeri * KSFE, Manjeri * Thrikkalangode Service Co-operative Bank * Pulpatta Service Co-operative Bank * Service Co-operative Bank Mailuth * Elankur Service Co-operative Bank, Pelepuram * Payyanad Co-operative Service Bank * Ernad Co-operative Bank,

Nilambur Nilambur () is a major town, a municipality and a Taluk in the Malappuram district of the Indian state of Kerala. It is located close to the Nilgiri Mountains, Nilgiris range of the Western Ghats on the banks of the Chaliyar River. This place is ...

Road, Manjeri * Anakkayam Service Co-operative Bank * Axis Bank, Manjeri * Bank of Baroda, Manjeri * Bank of India, Manjeri * Canara Bank, Manjeri * Catholic Syrian Bank, Manjeri * Manjeri Co-operative Bank * District Co-Operative Bank, Manjeri * Federal Bank, Manjeri * HDFC Bank, Manjeri * ICICI Bank, Manjeri * Indian Bank, Manjeri * Indian Overseas Bank, Manjeri * Yes Bank, Manjeri * Punjab National Bank, Manjeri *

South Indian Bank The South Indian Bank Limited (SIB) is a major private-sector bank headquartered at Thrissur in Kerala, India. As of 31 December 2024, the bank had a network of 955 banking outlets (954 branches and 1 service branch) and 1290 ATMs/CRMs (1159 A ...

, Manjeri * Kerala Gramin Bank, Manjeri *

State Bank of India State Bank of India (SBI) is an Indian Multinational corporation, multinational Public sector undertakings in India, public sector bank and financial service body headquartered in Mumbai. It is the largest bank in India with a 23% market shar ...

Manjeri * Syndicate Bank, Manjeri * UAE Exchange Bank, Manjeri * Cholamandalam Finance, Manjeri * Sreeram Investments Manjeri * Sundram Finance Manjeri * Sree Gokulam Chitts & Finance Manjeri * Manapuram General Finance Leesing Limited, Manjeri * Sree Lakshmi Bankers, Manjeri

Sports

The Malappuram District Sports Complex & Football Academy is situated at Payyanad, Manjeri. MDSC Stadium was selected as one of two stadiums, along with the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, to host the group stages of the 2013–14 Indian Federation Cup. The stadium hosted groups B and D.

Notable people

* Ali Musliyar - Freedom activist. * Arjun Jayaraj - Footballer. * Jishnu Balakrishnan - Footballer. * Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji - Indian Freedom Fighter. * M. P. M. Ahammed Kurikkal - Former minister of Kerala. * K. T. Muhammed - Malayalam playwright and screenwriter. * Ishaq Kurikkal - Politician. * T. K. Hamza - Former minister of Kerala. * U. A. Latheef - Politician, Lawyer. * Shanavas Shanu - Actor. * Anikha - Actress. * Dhanish Karthik - Actor. * M.P. Jabir - Athlete

References

External links

* {{Navboxes , title = Articles Related to Manjeri , list = {{Kerala {{Municipalities of Kerala {{Malappuram district {{South Malabar {{Malabar Cities and towns in Malappuram district Malappuram metropolitan area