Manjal Aaru
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Manjal is a village in
Nakhatrana Nakhatrana () is a city and headquarters for a taluka in the middle of Kutch (kachchh), Gujarat, in India. Nakhatrana got its name from a very famous tale when Paliwal Bramhins from Pali migrated to Kutch, the then ruler gifted greenest part ...
Taluka of
Kutch district Kutch district (), officially spelled Kachchh is a district of Gujarat state in western India, with its headquarters (capital) at Bhuj. Covering an area of 45,674 km2, it is the largest district of India. The area of Kutch is larger than ...
of
Gujarat Gujarat () is a States of India, state along the Western India, western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the List of states and union territories ...
, India. Nearby ruins of fort and temples of Paddhargadh is historical place associated with legendary
Jakh Botera Jakh Botera, Jakhdada, Jakkha Bautera, 72 Yaksha or Bohter Yaksha, literally seventy-two Yaksha warriors, are group of folk deities worshiped widely in Kutch district of Gujarat, India. Legends The Jakhs said to were shipwrecked on the Kutch co ...
.


History

About two miles to the north-west of the village, in a low country surrounded by hills and overgrown with bushes, the ruins of Paddhargadh, Punvaranogadh or Patan, are there which has traces of once been a large well-peopled city. In 1830, a great number of
Indo-Sassanian The Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom (or Indo-Sasanians) was a polity established by the Sasanian Empire in Bactria during the 3rd and 4th centuries. The Sasanian Empire captured the provinces of Sogdia, Bactria and Gandhara from the declining Kushan Emp ...
coins were found buried in a copper vessel.


Fort

The walls, 2385 yards round, are easily traced, though all the masonry; except one narrow gateway on the west, has gone to decay. Within the walls are the ruins of two palaces, a mint, and a temple of
Shiva Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduism, Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions w ...
, all of stone without any trace of wood. In style they closely resemble the ruins at
Kera, Kutch Kera is a village in Bhuj Taluka of Kutch district of Gujarat, India.this historical town was ruled by the jadeja's before independence in 1947. This historical town has several places of interest; the most important part of the town's history ...
. Punvar is also associated with Lakho Phulani. Punvaranogadh was built around 878 by Punvar, son of Ghaa or Ghav, the chief of
Kera, Kutch Kera is a village in Bhuj Taluka of Kutch district of Gujarat, India.this historical town was ruled by the jadeja's before independence in 1947. This historical town has several places of interest; the most important part of the town's history ...
and possibly a nephew of Lakho Phulani. Quarreling with his family, Punvar, whose chief characteristic seems to have been cruelty, resolved to found a city and call it after his own name. When the city was finished, the architect was rewarded by having both his hands chopped off that he might not do work like it for any one else. The legendary
Jakh Botera Jakh Botera, Jakhdada, Jakkha Bautera, 72 Yaksha or Bohter Yaksha, literally seventy-two Yaksha warriors, are group of folk deities worshiped widely in Kutch district of Gujarat, India. Legends The Jakhs said to were shipwrecked on the Kutch co ...
, literally seventy-two Yaksha, freed people from oppression of Punvar. Later they were revered by people and temples are erected in their dedication. A fair dedicated to them is organised on the second Monday of
Bhadrapad Bhadra or Bhadrapada or Bhādo or Bhadraba (Bengali: ভাদ্র ''bhādro''; Hindi: भादों ''bhādo''; Sanskrit: भाद्रपद ''bhādrapada''; ''Bhādra''; ''Bhādravo''; ''Bhadraba''; ''Bhadô'') is the sixth month ...
(September-October) every year on the foothills. This fair lasting two to three days is attended by thousands of pilgrims.


Palaces

The large palace, ''Vadi Medi'', upper storied and surrounding an open quadrangle; about fifty -five feet square and twenty high, tastefully built of very large blocks of stone, stands on the north side of the city. The front porch and colonnade are ornamented with carving. The upper story and the very heavy stone terraced roof are each supported by eighty -four pillars, each pillar one block of stone, round, and with capitals carved into figures of men and animals. The small, or half-day palace, ''Nani Medi'' or ''addho taro'', for it was only twelve hours building, one storied, of stone, and with rather poor carving, is forty feet long by thirty-three broad. There are two rooms in the back with two
verandah A veranda (also spelled verandah in Australian and New Zealand English) is a roofed, open-air hallway or porch, attached to the outside of a building. A veranda is often partly enclosed by a railing and frequently extends across the front an ...
s The roof is a flat terrace of massive stone slabs, joined with dove-tails of iron and plastered with cement 1 inches thick. It seems to have stood in a garden watered by a well now filled with earth and stones and overgrown with trees.


Temples

;Punvareshwar Mahadev temple It is said that Punvara married a daughter of the king of Sindh. She was devotee of
Shiva Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduism, Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions w ...
and carried the deity to the village where she installed it. In the centre of a platform, 7 feet 9 inches high 160 feet long and 41 wide, stands a temple of Shiva, 50 feet 9 inches long and 22 feet 3 inches wide. In each corner of the platform is a small ruined shrine. Between the ruined entrance and the porch is a hollow for sacrificial fire, ''agnikund''. The temple, facing the west, of blocks of grey and black iron sandstone put together without cement, must have stood about fifty feet high. The porch, 26 feet long and 18 wide, has 16 pilasters and 8 square, 12 feet high, pillars forming two aisles. In the brackets are figures of men and lions. The dome has fallen, hut an upper floor, with rosettes in the middle of the ceiling and a cornice of creeping plants cut in the stone, is entire. Above the lintel are large figures of musicians. The upper part of the shrine has fallen and been rebuilt. Near the temple are some tombstones apparently of later date, but without any writing. ;Other temples At some distance west of the fort are two ruined Shiva temples. They are said to have been built by Dheds or Meghvals, but the richness of the sculpture and the size and style of the materials make this doubtful. One of them, of the same stone as the 'half- day palace' stands on a platform 70 feet long 50 wide and 15 high, built of large blocks ornamented with bands of carving and with a ruined shrine at each corner. In front of the central shrine were two domed porches, one of which is still standing. In this porch; ten feet high pillars support a dome of excellent workmanship with, under its centre, a sacred fire hollow, ''agnikund''. The shrine, with a richly carved doorway, is ten feet square. The other temple, smaller and standing on a platform twenty feet broad, is all in ruins. Of the mint, tho only trace is a low stone wall enclosing a space of 120 by 80 feet. Inside of the enclosure is a small building apparently once a temple.


References

* This article incorporates
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text from Villages in Kutch district {{Kachchh-geo-stub