Mandsaur District
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Mandsaur district () is a
district A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...
of
Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (; ; ) is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and the largest city is Indore, Indore. Other major cities includes Gwalior, Jabalpur, and Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, Sagar. Madhya Pradesh is the List of states and union te ...
state in central India. The town of Mandsaur is the administrative headquarters of the district. The ancient
Pashupatinath temple Shri Pashupatinātha Temple () is a revered Hindu temple dedicated to Pashupati, a manifestation of the god Śiva. Located on the banks of the sacred Bagmati River in Kathmandu, Nepal, the temple is one of the oldest and most significant religiou ...
is situated in Mandsaur. Large quantities of
opium Opium (also known as poppy tears, or Lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the seed Capsule (fruit), capsules of the opium poppy ''Papaver somniferum''. Approximately 12 percent of opium is made up of the analgesic alkaloid mor ...
are produced in Mandsaur district.


Origin of name

The District takes its name from the headquarters town, Mandsaur. It is considered to have been evolved from Marhsaur, originating from Marh and Saur or Dasaur, two of the villages which merged in the town. The town was known as Dashpur during ancient times. Other etymology claims it derives from Mandodari, wife of
Ravana According to the Mahakavya, Hindu epic, ''Ramayana'', Ravana was a kingJustin W. Henry, ''Ravana's Kingdom: The Ramayana and Sri Lankan History from Below'', Oxford University Press, p.3 of the island of Lanka, in which he is the chief antag ...
, who is said to have been born in the district.


Geography

The district has an area of . The district is present on the border of the
Mewar Mewar, also spelled as Mewad is a region in the south-central part of Rajasthan state of India. It includes the present-day districts of Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Pratapgarh, Rajsamand, Udaipur, Pirawa Tehsil of Jhalawar District of Rajasth ...
and
Malwa Malwa () is a historical region, historical list of regions in India, region of west-central India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin. Geologically, the Malwa Plateau generally refers to the volcanic plateau, volcanic upland north of the ...
so the culture is the combination of the both regions, and is bounded by Neemuch District to the north west, Chittorgarh district to North east,
Kota district Kota District is a district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. The city of Kota is the administrative headquarters of the district. During the period around 12th century AD, Rao Deva, a Hada Chieftain conquered the territory and fou ...
and Jhalawar district to east and Pratapgarh District, and Ratlam District to the south. It is part of Ujjain Division. Mandsaur District forms the northern projection of Madhya Pradesh from its western Division, i.e.,
Ujjain Ujjain (, , old name Avantika, ) or Ujjayinī is a city in Ujjain district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the fifth-largest city in Madhya Pradesh by population and is the administrative as well as religious centre of Ujjain ...
Commissioner's Division. It lies between the parallels of
latitude In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate system, geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body. Latitude is given as an angle that ranges from −90° at t ...
230 45' 50" North and 250 2' 55" North, and between the meridians of
longitude Longitude (, ) is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east- west position of a point on the surface of the Earth, or another celestial body. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek lett ...
740 42' 30" East and 750 50' 20" East. The district is an average-size district of Madhya Pradesh. It extends for about . from north to south and from east to west.


Climate

The
climate Climate is the long-term weather pattern in a region, typically averaged over 30 years. More rigorously, it is the mean and variability of meteorological variables over a time spanning from months to millions of years. Some of the meteoro ...
of this district is generally dry except in south-west
monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in Atmosphere of Earth, atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annu ...
. Year may be divided into four seasons. The cold season is from December to February. This is followed by the hot season from March to the middle of June. Thereafter the south-west monsoon season starts and continues up to about the middle of September. The average annual rainfall in the District is . The rainfall in the districts in the region round about Sitamau- Mandsaur- Malhargarh, and in general increases in the northern part of the district from the west towards the east. The heaviest rainfall in 24 hours recorded at any station in the district was . at Garoth on 1945 June 29. In the district there is rapid increase in temperatures after February. May is generally the hottest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at and the mean daily minimum at . Days are intensely hot in summer and hot dust-laden winds which below during this season add to the discomfort. On individual days in the summer session and in June before the onset of the monsoon the day temperatures often go up above . January is the coldest month, with the mean daily maximum temperature at and mean daily minimum at .


Industry

Opium production and the slate pencil industry are important to the district's
economy An economy is an area of the Production (economics), production, Distribution (economics), distribution and trade, as well as Consumption (economics), consumption of Goods (economics), goods and Service (economics), services. In general, it is ...
. Some parts of the district have wind farms. There is a Solar Plant in district .


Divisions

The district is divided into four sub divisions and nine tehsils. The sub divisional headquarters are at Mandsaur, Malhargarh, Sitamau and Garoth. Where, Mandsaur, Malhargarh, Garoth, Shamgarh, Daloda, Bhanpura, Suwasra and Sitamau and KAYAMPUR Mandsur are nine tehsils of District. Vehicle number plates beginning with MP-14 are identified as a registered vehicle under the properly followed rules and regulations.


Demographics

According to the 2011 census Mandsaur District has a
population Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and pl ...
of 1,340,411, roughly equal to the nation of
Mauritius Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, about off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of Madagascar. It includes the main island (also called Mauritius), as well as Rodrigues, Ag ...
or the US state of
Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...
. This gives it a ranking of 361st in India (out of a total of
640 Year 640 ( DCXL) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 640 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming y ...
). The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.19%. Mandsaur has a
sex ratio A sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. As explained by Fisher's principle, for evolutionary reasons this is typically about 1:1 in species which reproduce sexually. However, many species deviate from an even sex ratio, ei ...
of 966 females for every 1000 males, and a
literacy rate Literacy is the ability to read and write, while illiteracy refers to an inability to read and write. Some researchers suggest that the study of "literacy" as a concept can be divided into two periods: the period before 1950, when literacy was ...
of 72.75%. 20.71% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 18.58% and 2.47% of the population respectively. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 94.13% of the population in the district spoke Mewari as their first language and 3.58% of the population spoke Malvi .


Culture

The temple of Lord Pashupatinath is located on the bank of the Shivna. The most common language is mixture of Mewari and Malwi (Rajasthani).


Villages

* Balaguda * Kotda Bujurg * Navali * Sondani * Songari


References


External links


Mandsaur District web site
{{Coord, 24.072617, N, 75.067944, E, type:adm3rd_source:itwiki, display=title Districts of Madhya Pradesh