Mandraka Dam is a

gravity dam A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is ...

on the Mandraka River near Mandraka in the

Analamanga Region Analamanga is a region in central Madagascar, containing the capital Antananarivo and its surrounding metropolitan area. The region has an area of , and had a population of 4,325,226 in 2018. Administrative divisions Analamanga Region is divided i ...

Madagascar Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, f ...

. The dam was constructed by a French firm by 1956 and creates Lake Mandraka.

Mandraka Power Station

The dam supplies water to a

hydroelectric Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is Electricity generation, electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies 15% of the world's electricity, almost 4,210 TWh in 2023, which is more than all other Renewable energ ...

power station to the east, down in the valley. The change in elevation between the dam and power station affords a

hydraulic head Hydraulic head or piezometric head is a measurement related to liquid pressure (normalized by specific weight) and the liquid elevation above a vertical datum., 410 pages. See pp. 43–44., 650 pages. See p. 22, eq.3.2a. It is usually meas ...

on . The dam and power station are operated and owned by

Jirama Jirama (''Jiro sy rano malagasy'') is a state-owned electric utility and water services company in Madagascar. History The Jirama was established on 17 October 1975 when the Société Malagasy des Eaux et Electricité and the Société des E ...

and the four

Pelton turbine The Pelton wheel or Pelton Turbine is an impulse-type water turbine invented by American inventor Lester Allan Pelton in the 1870s. The Pelton wheel extracts energy from the impulse of moving water, as opposed to water's dead weight like the t ...

-generators were commissioned between 1958 and 1972.

Climatic condition of Mandraka Dam

The expanded recurrence and force of environment related dangers (including

floods A flood is an overflow of water (list of non-water floods, or rarely other fluids) that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are of significant con ...

, dry seasons and

typhoons A typhoon is a tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere and which produces sustained hurricane-force winds of at least . This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, accounting for a ...

) is undermining the vocations, wellbeing and prosperity of populaces living in the waterfront zones of Madagascar. Most neighborhood networks here live beneath the neediness line and depend intensely on downpour took care of

agribusiness Agribusiness is the industry, enterprises, and the field of study of value chains in agriculture and in the bio-economy, in which case it is also called bio-business or bio-enterprise. The primary goal of agribusiness is to maximize profit ...

and

beach A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles. The particles composing a beach are typically made from Rock (geology), rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle beach, shingle, pebbles, etc., or biological s ...

front assets to help their jobs. The

venture Venture may refer to: Arts and entertainment Music *The Ventures, an American instrumental rock band formed in 1958 *"A Venture", 1971 song by the band Yes *''Venture'', a 2010 EP by AJR Games * ''Venture'' (video game), a 1981 arcade gam ...

expects to addresses the unfriendly impacts of environmental change on the beach front networks in four regions of Madagascar. The area marker is located on

Analamanga Analamanga is a region in central Madagascar, containing the capital Antananarivo and its surrounding metropolitan area. The region has an area of , and had a population of 4,325,226 in 2018. Administrative divisions Analamanga Region is divided i ...

District. Sprinkle or light snow fall may be undetectable for the radar. Precipitation power is variety coded, going from

turquoise Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula . It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone for millennia due to its hue. The robi ...

to red. The Mandraka Dam is a buttress dam on the Varahina-North River, a tributary of the

Ikopa River The Ikopa River is the second longest waterway in Madagascar and passes through the capital, Antananarivo. It is the largest tributary of the Betsiboka River. It is formed by the Varahina-North and Varahina-South Rivers. Its spring, named Varah ...

, near

Mantasoa Mantasoa is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Manjakandriana, which is a part of Analamanga Region. The population of the municipality was 10,604 in 2018. Mantasoa is located at 68 km East of Antananarivo. 60 villages in ...

in the Analamanga region of Madagascar. The dam was built by jirama contractors during 1956. It creates Lake Mandraka which has a height of 20m (66.ft) The dam itself is made of 8,000 m3 of concrete and has a reinforced buttress design. Water released from the dam provides a regulated flow to the hydroelectric plant at the Antelomita Dams downstream. A saddle dam on the north side of Mantosoa Reservoir regulates water flow in the Mandraka River to the Mandraka Dam downstream.

References

Dams in Madagascar Analamanga Gravity dams Dams completed in 1956 20th-century architecture in Madagascar {{Madagascar-struct-stub

Mandraka Power Station

Climatic condition of Mandraka Dam

See also

References