The second Mandala of the
Rigveda
The ''Rigveda'' or ''Rig Veda'' (, , from wikt:ऋच्, ऋच्, "praise" and wikt:वेद, वेद, "knowledge") is an ancient Indian Miscellany, collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns (''sūktas''). It is one of the four sacred canoni ...
has 43 hymns, mainly to
Agni
Agni ( ) is the Deva (Hinduism), Hindu god of fire. As the Guardians of the directions#Aṣṭa-Dikpāla ("Guardians of Eight Directions"), guardian deity of the southeast direction, he is typically found in southeast corners of Hindu temples. ...
and
Indra
Indra (; ) is the Hindu god of weather, considered the king of the Deva (Hinduism), Devas and Svarga in Hinduism. He is associated with the sky, lightning, weather, thunder, storms, rains, river flows, and war. volumes
Indra is the m ...
chiefly attributed to the Rishi ''
''. It is one of the "family books" (mandalas 2-7), the oldest core of the Rigveda, which were composed in early vedic period (1500-1000 BCE).
Witzel (1995) on the basis of internal evidence suggested that the second Mandala contains the oldest hymns of the Rigveda.
[Michael Witzel, Rgvedic history: poets, chieftains and politics, in: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity. The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia, ed. G. Erdosy, Berlin/New York (de Gruyter) 1995, 307-352; Witzel, "Westward Ho"]
List of incipits
The dedication as given by Griffith is in square brackets
2.1 (192) [ Agni
Agni ( ) is the Deva (Hinduism), Hindu god of fire. As the Guardians of the directions#Aṣṭa-Dikpāla ("Guardians of Eight Directions"), guardian deity of the southeast direction, he is typically found in southeast corners of Hindu temples. ...
.] .
2.2 (193) [Agni.]
2.3 (194) [ Apris.]
2.4 (195) [Agni.]
2.5 (196) [Agni.]
2.6 (197) [Agni.]
2.7 (198) [Agni.]
2.8 (199) [Agni.]
2.9 (200) [Agni.]
2.10 (201) [Agni.]
2.11 (202) [ Indra
Indra (; ) is the Hindu god of weather, considered the king of the Deva (Hinduism), Devas and Svarga in Hinduism. He is associated with the sky, lightning, weather, thunder, storms, rains, river flows, and war. volumes
Indra is the m ...
.]
2.12 (203) ndra.
2.13 (204) ndra.
2.14 (205) ndra.
2.15 (206) ndra.
2.16 (207) ndra.
2.17 (208) ndra.
2.18 (209) ndra.
2.19 (210) ndra.
2.20 (211) Asvins.">Asvins.html" ;"title="Asvins">Asvins.
2.21 (212)
2.22 (213) ndra.
2.23 (214) [ Brahmanaspati.]
2.24 (215) [Brahmanaspati.]
2.25 (216) [Brahmanaspati.]
2.26 (217) [Brahmanaspati.]
2.27 (218) [ Adityas.]
2.28 (219) [ Varuna.]
2.29 (220) [ Visvedevas.]
2.30 (221) [Indra and Others.]
2.31 (222) isvedevas.
2.32 (223) arious Deities.
2.33 (224) Rudra.">Rudra.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra.
2.34 (225) [ Maruts">Rudra">Rudra<_a>..html" ;"title="Rudra.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra.">Rudra.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra.
2.34 (225) [ Maruts.]
2.35 (226) [ Ap (water), Son of Waters.]
2.36 (227) [Various Gods.]
2.37 (228) [Various Gods.]
2.38 (229) [ Savitr, Savitar.]
2.39 (230)
2.40 (231) [ Soma (deity), Soma and Pusan.]
2.41 (232) arious Deities.
2.42 (233) Kapinjala.">Kapinjala.html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.
2.43 (234) [Kapinjala.">Kapinjala">Kapinjala<_a>..html" ;"title="Kapinjala.html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.">Kapinjala.html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.
2.43 (234) [Kapinjala.
References
External links
* – English translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith
{{Rigveda
Rigveda