Malinda Carpenter
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Malinda Carpenter, Ph.D,
FRSE Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Scotland's national academy of science and Literature, letters, judged to be "eminently distinguished in their subject". ...
is a professor of
developmental psychology Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why humans grow, change, and adapt across the course of their lives. Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development ...
at the University of St Andrews, an international researcher specialising in infant and child communications, prosocial behaviour and group reactions, in how people learn to understand others, and building self esteem; her work includes research between ape and human social cognition, and more recently in considering human-robotic communication futures.


Education and career

Carpenter graduated in French and Psychology, from the University of Florida, Gainesville in 1990, and took her masters in 1993 and doctorate in 1995, at
Emory University Emory University is a private university, private research university in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It was founded in 1836 as Emory College by the Methodist Episcopal Church and named in honor of Methodist bishop John Emory. Its main campu ...
, USA on ''Social-cognitive abilities of 9- to 15-month-old infants: Development and interrelationships.'' She spend two years post-doc research at the
National Institute of Mental Health The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is one of 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH, in turn, is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is the primar ...
Postdoctoral Training Program in Developmental Psychology (focussing on
autism Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by differences or difficulties in social communication and interaction, a preference for predictability and routine, sensory processing d ...
) at the
University of Denver The University of Denver (DU) is a private research university in Denver, Colorado, United States. Founded in 1864, it has an enrollment of approximately 5,700 undergraduate students and 7,200 graduate students. It is classified among "R1: D ...
, Denver, Colorado, USA and then a further two years as a post-doc Fellow at the University of Liverpool, England. She collaborated with Virginia Slaughter, of the University of Queensland, Australia in 2008-09. Since 2013, she has worked in the University of St. Andrews, Scotland and continued her relationship with the
Max Planck Institute The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (; abbreviated MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the M ...
for
Evolutionary Anthropology Evolutionary anthropology, the interdisciplinary study of the human evolution, evolution of human physiology and human behaviour and of the relation between hominids and non-hominid primates, builds on natural science and on social science. Vari ...
in
Leipzig Leipzig (, ; ; Upper Saxon: ; ) is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Saxony. The city has a population of 628,718 inhabitants as of 2023. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, eighth-largest city in Ge ...
, Germany, since 1999, when she was senior scientist on Social Origins of Cultural Cognition in Infancy and (from 2008- 2013) when she was awarded funding to head the Minerva Foundation Research Group in the Max Planck Institute. She joined '' academia.net'' in 2010 and speaks English, French, German, Spanish. Carpenter has been an invited or a keynote speaker at international conferences and key summer schools over her career, for example: * ''Cultural Learning, Imitation and Articraft Understanding: A Comparative Perspective'' at summer school,
Central European University Central European University (CEU; , ) is a private research university in Vienna. The university offers graduate and undergraduate programs in the social sciences and humanities, which are accredited in Austria and the United States. The univ ...
, 2005 * '''What makes humans human? at AX Foundation seminar 2011 *''Human Robot Interaction'' ''at''
Bielefeld University Bielefeld University () is a public university in Bielefeld, Germany. Founded in 1969, it is one of the country's newer universities, and considers itself a "reform" university, following a different style of organization and teaching than the e ...
2014 *''From Human-Human Joint Action to Human-Robot Joint Action, and vice versa!,'' at
Toulouse Toulouse (, ; ; ) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Haute-Garonne department and of the Occitania (administrative region), Occitania region. The city is on the banks of the Garonne, River Garonne, from ...
, 2016: ''The jointness in infants’ and young children’s joint action and joint attention'' *Guest speaker at cross-discipline summer workshop for early career researchers, ''Brace yourself!'' at St. Andrews, 2018. For an up to date list of her academic related activities, see the activities page on the staff profile at the University of St. Andrews.


Recognition

In 2012, Carpenter was selected as a Fellow of the Association of Psychological Science. In 2018, one of her supervised students, Amrisha Vaish won their early career award. She was associate editor of the academic journal ''
Cognition Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses". It encompasses all aspects of intellectual functions and processes such as: perception, attention, thought, ...
'' (2013–14) and on the editorial board of '' Child Development Perspectives'' since 2013. At the opening of the Leipzig Center for Early Child Development, in 2016, marking the 50th anniversary of conferences of the German Society for Psychology, Carpenter was asked to be one of the keynote speakers, talking upon ''Affiliation, alignment and belonging in infancy and early childhood.'' In 2021, Carpenter was elected as a Fellow of the
Royal Society of Edinburgh The Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) is Scotland's national academy of science and letters. It is a registered charity that operates on a wholly independent and non-partisan basis and provides public benefit throughout Scotland. It was establis ...
. She has joined the Templeton World Charity Foundation funded Diverse Intelligences Summer Institute: 'A new community exploring intelligence, mind, and cognition in all its forms'.


Research experiments and publications

Carpenter's research has involved practical as well as theoretical studies and in outreach to share her findings with the public. Her studies have formed part of international research bases, cited for psychology and developmental behavioural themes, such as *
Imitation Imitation (from Latin ''imitatio'', "a copying, imitation") is a behavior whereby an individual observes and replicates another's behavior. Imitation is also a form of learning that leads to the "development of traditions, and ultimately our cu ...
*
Intention An intention is a mental state in which a person commits themselves to a course of action. Having the plan to visit the zoo tomorrow is an example of an intention. The action plan is the ''content'' of the intention while the commitment is the ...
*
Joint attention Joint attention or shared attention is the shared focus of two individuals on an object. It is achieved when one individual alerts another to an object by means of eye-gazing, pointing or other verbal or non-verbal indications. An individual gaz ...
*
Nonverbal communication Nonverbal communication is the transmission of messages or signals through a nonverbal platform such as eye contact (oculesics), body language (kinesics), social distance (proxemics), touch (Haptic communication, haptics), voice (prosody (lingui ...
*
Bootstrapping (linguistics) Bootstrapping is a term used in language acquisition in the field of linguistics. It refers to the idea that humans are born innately equipped with a mental faculty that forms the basis of language. It is this language faculty that allows children ...
Her earlier experiments were described in detail so they could be replicated. Her collaborative research on chimpanzees was published in a book. As well as collaborations listed, her work was also with
Michael Tomasello Michael Tomasello (born January 18, 1950) is an American developmental and comparative psychologist, as well as a linguist. He is professor of psychology at Duke University. Earning many prizes and awards from the end of the 1990s onward, he is ...
and jointly published their 2005 research, and earlier
George Butterworth George Sainton Kaye Butterworth, MC (12 July 18855 August 1916) was an English composer who was best known for the orchestral idyll '' The Banks of Green Willow'' and his song settings of A. E. Housman's poems from '' A Shropshire Lad''. He wa ...
. Her international interests in 2017 extended to
bilingualism Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers. When the languages are just two, it is usually called bilingualism. It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolin ...
in young children, and she was nominated by the students union in St. Andrew's for a 2019 Teaching Awards and shortlisted as a finalist for her academic mentorship. Later she engaged in more public communications on the research and its impact for child development practices and parenting skills. Carpenter supported a local community science outreach (March 2018: ''becoming one of us),'' and a public radio debate on 'crowd science', as reported in ''
Church Times The ''Church Times'' is an independent Anglican weekly newspaper based in London and published in the United Kingdom on Fridays. History The ''Church Times'' was founded on 7 February 1863 by George Josiah Palmer, a printer. It fought for the ...
.'' She was interviewed in the Greater Good podcast, from Berkeley on how her experiment on using familiar objects and dolls positioning, to see if they influenced children's behaviour towards acting helpfully to adults. The St. Andrew's Baby and Child (ABC) Lab. was another such project, which had been enrolling mother and child pairs, and individual children to observe and assist the research. The project drew the attention of
Netflix Netflix is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service. The service primarily distributes original and acquired films and television shows from various genres, and it is available internationally in multiple lang ...
for a follow up to its TV series on ''Babies?'' The series 2 episode 4 ''Relationships'' was described as 'A coy smile, a puppet show and a pointed finger lead to discoveries in how babies get along with others using humor, morality and shared experiences', and featured Carpenter's team's studies.


External resources

* Netflix trailer for ''Babies? season 2'' * Research publications (University of St. Andrew's listing

* Research works (Orcid Listin

* Research works (LOOP Listin


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carpenter, Malinda British developmental psychologists Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Academic staff of Max Planck Society Academics of the University of St Andrews Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Emory University alumni Scottish psychologists British women psychologists British psychologists Scottish women psychologists 21st-century British psychologists