Malik ibn Awf ( ar, مالك بن عوف) was a companion of

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monot ...

, and a leader of the

Hawazin The Hawazin ( ar, هوازن / ALA-LC: ''Hawāzin'') were an Arab tribe originally based in the western Najd and around Ta'if in the Hejaz. They formed part of the larger Qays tribal group. The Hawazin consisted of the subtribes of Banu Sa'd, ...

tribe of

Ta'if Taif ( ar, , translit=aṭ-Ṭāʾif, lit=The circulated or encircled, ) is a city and governorate in the Makkan Region of Saudi Arabia. Located at an elevation of in the slopes of the Hijaz Mountains, which themselves are part of the Sarat M ...

. Before he converted to Islam, he was one of the commanders in the

Battle of Hunayn :''This is a sub-article to Muhammad after the conquest of Mecca.'' The Battle of Hunayn ( ar, غَزْوَة حُنَيْن, Ghazwat Hunayn) was between the Muslims of Muhammad and the Bedouins of the Qays, including its clans of Haw ...

against the

Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abra ...

along with the

Thaqif The Banu Thaqif ( ar, بنو ثقيف, Banū Thaqīf) is an Arab tribe which inhabited, and still inhabits, the city of Ta'if and its environs, in modern Saudi Arabia, and played a prominent role in early Islamic history. During the pre-Islami ...

tribe. He later converted to Islam before

's death.

Muhammad's visit to Taif

Malik ibn Awf criticized

when Muhammad came to

to spread Islam. First, Muhammad went to the leaders to spread Islam, but Awf and the other leaders condemned his teachings. Muhammad was later met by

protester A protest (also called a demonstration, remonstration or remonstrance) is a public expression of objection, disapproval or dissent towards an idea or action, typically a political one. Protests can be thought of as acts of coopera ...

s who threw stuff at him.

Battle of Hunayn

Awf participated in the

after the

Conquest of Mecca The Conquest of Mecca ( ar, فتح مكة , translit=Fatḥ Makkah) was the capture of the town of Mecca by Muslims led by the Islamic prophet Muhammad in December 629 or January 630 AD (Julian), 10–20 Ramadan, 8 AH. The conquest marked t ...

. He ordered his army to shoot arrows at the Muslims before the battle started. This was successful for Malik because the Muslims started to flee. But soon Muhammad ordered Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib to call the Muslim army back. Abbas did so, and 100 Muslims came back to fight. After seeing those soldiers fight, the rest of the Muslim army also came back. This ruined the plan, and Malik faced a defeat. So he and his army retreated, and fled to

for the

Siege of Ta'if The siege of Ta'if took place in 630, as the Muslims under the leadership of Muhammad besieged the city of Ta'if after their victory in the battles of Hunayn and Autas. One of the chieftains of Ta'if, Urwah ibn Mas'ud, was absent in Yemen d ...

. Muhammad and his army went to Ta'if and tried to capture them, but failed to do so. After the

, Awf became a Muslim.

full name

Malik bin Awf bin Saad bin Rabia bin Waelah bin Dahman bin Nasr bin Saad bin Bakr bin Hawazen bin Mansour bin Ikrimah bin Khasfah bin Qais Aylan bin

Mudar The Mudar ( ar, مُضَر) are one of the most powerful northern Arab tribal groupings. History The Mudar and Rabi'a are recorded in central Arabia in the Arabic histories of the pre-Islamic period; the kings of the Kindah bore the title o ...

bin Nizar bin Maad bin

Adnan Adnan ( ar, عدنان, 'adnān) is the traditional ancestor of the Adnanite Arabs of Northern, Western, Eastern and Central Arabia, as opposed to the Qahtanite Arabs of Southern Arabia who descend from Qahtan. His ancestry can be traced back ...

bin Adad. Al-Yarboui Al-Nasri Al-Saadi Al-Hawazni, and his nickname is Aba Ali, and it was said in his name that he is: Malik bin Abdullah bin Auf

his life

He is a knight and a veteran poet from the people of Taif. We will shorten his mention before Islam and after:

in ignorance

Malik is among the great knights, and a man would not be called a tractor until he had commanded a thousand fighters. He was of high rank among his people, he fought a cultured man in the pre-Islamic era, and he used to not go out to them except that he was jealous of him until he struck him, and he often hits like the Day of Infinity. It seems that Malik bin Auf was one of the rulers, the privileged and the opinion, so he stood as a preacher and warned the Banu Sulaym and forbid them from falling into a war with Zubyan, because of the harm and losses that it would cause them in the absence of those who support them. Hawazin was far from you, and Tamim was full of you, and I prayed for you in it, Bakr bin Wael. And from the news of Malik bin Auf in the pre-Islamic era that he fought Hudhail and other tribes. The most ancient argument is that it is a day when someone like me is denied to someone like you that protects and hates.

His news in Islam

The sources do not reveal much about aspects of his life in the pre-Islamic era, and do not mention the name of his wife and children and their number, except for his aunt, who is Umm Abdullah bint Abi Umayyah. After the Battle of Hunayn, and what he would do in it. Ibn Ishaq mentions that when Hawazin heard about the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, and what God had conquered from Mecca, and his intention to go to Taif to subjugate Hawazin and Thaqif, Malik bin Auf gathered Hawazin, and all of Thaqeef joined him, Bani Hilal, Bani Amr bin Amer and Bani Awf bin Aamer, and he wanted to fight Muslims. So he led the people with their money and their women to the fight, to put behind each man his family and money to fight on their behalf fiercely and valiantly. And when the incident occurred, and the fighting intensified, Malik decried verses, and from what he said: I present the argument that a day when someone like me is denied, it protects and repeats If the row is wasted for a day and the anther, and then the groups are separated after the groups A battalion with poor eyesight has stabbed a stab that is nourished by sounding. When the battle was over and the Muslims were victorious, Malik bin Auf fled with the nobles of his people, and entered the fortress of Taif, so the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “If a Muslim came to me, I would give him his family and money.” He praised him with a few verses, including: I have neither seen nor heard of one among the people, all of them like the example of Muhammad. I will pay, so it will be given to the most generous of those who give me strength, and when you will, He will tell you about tomorrow And if the battalion stripped its fangs with Al-Samhri and struck every Muhannad It is as if it is a lion on its cubs in the midst of a puppy in an observatory. And when the Prophet heard it, he gave it to his family, returned his money to him, and singled him out for a hundred camels, as he did with those whose hearts were to be reconciled.

The story of his Islam

Malik bin Auf al-Nasri al-Saad had led the Hawazin and Thaqif tribes to the Muslim war in Hunayn, so they were defeated and their money, family and offspring fell into the hands of the Muslims. Ibn Ishaq said: The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said to the delegation of Hawazin on the authority of Malik bin Auf al-Nasri, “What did he do?” They said: He is in Taif with Thaqeef. The Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, said: (Tell Malik that if a Muslim comes to me, I will return his family and money to him, and give him a hundred camels). Malik came with that, so he went out to the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, from Taif, and he was Malik. So he ran until he came to his camel, where he ordered it to be imprisoned, so he rode it. So he followed the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and caught him in Al-Jaranah or in

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow val ...

, and the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, returned his family and money to him, and gave him a hundred camels. After Malik's Islam, the Prophet used him over his people and those with him and remained with them until the war of conquests took place, where he participated with his tribe in the

Battle of Qadisiyah The Battle of al-Qadisiyyah ( ar, مَعْرَكَة ٱلْقَادِسِيَّة, Maʿrakah al-Qādisīyah; fa, نبرد قادسیه, Nabard-e Qâdisiyeh) was an armed conflict which took place in 636 CE between the Rashidun Caliphate and the ...

, and they had an interest in it, as he witnessed the conquest of the city of Damascus and resided there, and it became for him a house known as the House of Bani Nasr, which Malik first lodged Damascus opened.

References

{{reflist Medieval military leaders Companions of the Prophet Hawazin 640 deaths