Makawao Union Church
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Makawao Union Church is a church near
Makawao Makawao is a census-designated place (CDP) in Maui County, Hawaii, United States. The population was 7,297 at the 2020 census. Located on the rural northwest slope of Haleakalā, the community is known for being the hub of Upcountry Maui, a p ...
on the Hawaiian island of
Maui Maui (; Hawaiian language, Hawaiian: ) is the second largest island in the Hawaiian archipelago, at 727.2 square miles (1,883 km2). It is the List of islands of the United States by area, 17th-largest in the United States. Maui is one of ...
. It was founded by
New England New England is a region consisting of six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York (state), New York to the west and by the ...
missionary A missionary is a member of a Religious denomination, religious group who is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.Thoma ...
Jonathan Smith Green Jonathan Smith Green (September 29, 1796 – January 5, 1878) was a missionary from New England to the Kingdom of Hawaii. Life Green was born December 20, 1796, in Lebanon, Connecticut, to Beriah and Elizabeth Green. Beriah Green (son of the pre ...
during the
Kingdom of Hawaii The Hawaiian Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian language, Hawaiian:
ɛ ɐwˈpuni həˈvɐjʔi Latin epsilon or open E (majuscule: Ɛ, minuscule: ɛ) is a letter of the extended Latin alphabet, based on the lowercase of the Greek letter epsilon (ε). It was introduced in the 16th century by Gian Giorgio Trissino to represent the pronunc ...
, was an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country from 1795 to 1893, which eventually encompassed all of the inhabited Hawaii ...
. The third historic structure used by the congregation was designed by noted local architect C.W. Dickey and dedicated in 1917 as the Henry Perrine Baldwin Memorial Church. In 1985, Makawao Union Church was placed on the Hawaii and
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government's official United States National Register of Historic Places listings, list of sites, buildings, structures, Hist ...
.


Wood-framed church

In 1870,
Henry Perrine Baldwin Henry Perrine Baldwin (August 29, 1842 – July 8, 1911) was an American businessman and politician on Maui in the Hawaiian Islands. He supervised the construction of the East Maui Irrigation System and co-founded Alexander & Baldwin, one of the " ...
his wife, Emily Alexander Baldwin, and their children joined the church. Henry served as organist for over forty years. Baldwin and his brother-in-law became wealthy co-founders of
Alexander & Baldwin Alexander & Baldwin, Inc. is an American company that was once part of the Big Five companies in territorial Hawaii. The company currently operates businesses in real estate, land operations, and materials and construction. It was also the last ...
. On January 5, 1878, Rev. Green died; Asenath Green would maintain the church until she died in 1894, and then daughters Mary and Laura. His son Joseph Porter Green (1833–1886) served at the church, and was elected to the
legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom The Legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom () was the bicameral (later unicameral) legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom. A royal legislature was first provided by the 1840 Constitution and the 1852 Constitution was the first to use the term Legi ...
in 1860. In 1888, Baldwin offered the church a site for a new building, on the foundation of the former Paliuli Sugar Mill near what is now called Rainbow Gulch and Rainbow County Park. The mill was named after '' Pali uli'' (literally "green cliff"), the place in Hawaiian mythology roughly equivalent to the
garden of Eden In Abrahamic religions, the Garden of Eden (; ; ) or Garden of God ( and ), also called the Terrestrial Paradise, is the biblical paradise described in Genesis 2–3 and Ezekiel 28 and 31.. The location of Eden is described in the Book of Ge ...
. This church, a New England style white frame structure, was dedicated on March 10, 1889. The Pāia Community House, finished in hardwood on the inside, was built in 1914 adjacent to the church. The Community House, with its large auditorium and deep stage was used for plays, operettas, school graduations, concerts, lectures, silent movies and dances. The site of the old church, became the cemetery. Later the Maui Veteran's Cemetery was built adjacent to the church cemetery. A native Hawaiian pastor John Kalama served at both Makawao and Pookela until his death in 1896. The original building stood until about 1900. The "Daily Bulletin Newspaper, Honolulu Oct 2, 1889 pg3 Announced the purchase of a new pipe organ built for the church, by the NY firm of Roosevelt. A small organ of one manual/pedal & 6 speaking stops. This being purchased, by Baldwin while he was in New York, he paid a visit to the organ Company.


Stone church

The frame church was razed in 1916 and construction began immediately on a new
Gothic Revival Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic or neo-Gothic) is an Architectural style, architectural movement that after a gradual build-up beginning in the second half of the 17th century became a widespread movement in the first half ...
style structure. The new building was designed by architect
Charles William Dickey   Charles William “C.W.” Dickey (6 July 1871 – 25 April 1942) was an American architect famous for developing a distinctive style of Hawaiian architecture, including the double-pitched Dickey roof. He was known not only for designing some of ...
(1871–1942), whose mother was Emily Baldwin's sister. It has been called "one of his more outstanding works." The stone church was dedicated September 2, 1917. It was about the same size as the frame building, and also used the original Paliuli Mill foundation.
Henry Alexander Baldwin Henry Alexander Baldwin or Harry Alexander Baldwin (January 12, 1871 – October 8, 1946) was an American businessman and politician who served as Congressional Delegate to the United States House of Representatives representing the Territory o ...
(known as "Harry"), Henry Perrine's son, was featured speaker, along with
William Hyde Rice William is a masculine given name of Germanic origin. It became popular in England after the Norman conquest in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is ...
. The organ was donated in the memory of Harry Baldwin's sons Jared Smith Baldwin (1889–1914) and Leslie Alexander Baldwin (1898–1901). The walls were built of reinforced concrete with native
basalt Basalt (; ) is an aphanite, aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the planetary surface, surface of a terrestrial ...
lava rock veneer. The roof was covered in slate from
Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...
. Four stained glass windows and the bell were reused from the old building. A Seth Thomas clock has three faces on the Norman style tower. The main entry is through oak doors in the tower. Austin Craig Bowdish was pastor at the dedication. Augustine Jones became pastor in 1921. The 1938 Maui earthquake damaged the community house, but not the stone church. On June 29, 1985, Makawao Union Church was placed on the Hawaii Register of Historic Places as site 50-05-1610, and December 17, 1985, it was listed on the
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hawaii This is a list of properties and historic districts in Hawaii listed on the National Register of Historic Places. More than 370 listings appear on all but one of Hawaii's main islands (Niihau being the exception) and the Northwestern Islands, a ...
as site 85003227. It now calls itself an "interdenominational, community church with Congregational heritage". the pastor was Rev. Robin Lunn. The road past the church was named Baldwin Avenue for the Baldwin family. It is located at 1445 Baldwin Avenue,
Makawao, Hawaii Makawao is a census-designated place (CDP) in Maui County, Hawaii, Maui County, Hawaii, Hawaii, United States. The population was 7,297 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Located on the rural northwest slope of Haleakalā, the commu ...
, .


Burials

The church cemetery is located 3.9 miles southeast of the church, in the 3300 block of Baldwin Avenue (@20.861218,-156.311417.) Notable people buried there include the original missionary family: Theodosia Arnold Green, 1859, Jonathan Smith Green, 1878, and Ansenath Cargill Green, 1894. Harry Baldwin, 1946 was a Republican Politician,
Annie Montague Alexander Annie Montague Alexander (29 December 1867 – 10 September 1950) was an Exploration, explorer, Natural history, naturalist, Paleontology, paleontological collector, and Philanthropy, philanthropist. She founded the University of California Museu ...
, 1950 an explorer and scientist. Others from the Alexander and Baldwin families are buried in the cemetery.
James Dole James Drummond Dole (September 27, 1877 – May 20, 1958), the "Pineapple King", was an American industrialist who developed the pineapple industry in Hawaii. He established the Hawaiian Pineapple Company (HAPCO) which was later reorganized to ...
, 1958 owned the largest
pineapple The pineapple (''Ananas comosus'') is a Tropical vegetation, tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been culti ...
plantation in the world. Anne Alexander, 1940, and Charles Henry Dickey, 1932 were parents of architect
Charles William Dickey   Charles William “C.W.” Dickey (6 July 1871 – 25 April 1942) was an American architect famous for developing a distinctive style of Hawaiian architecture, including the double-pitched Dickey roof. He was known not only for designing some of ...
. The Maui Veteran's Cemetery, near the church cemetery, holds the graves of two actors: horror movie actress
Evelyn Ankers Evelyn Felisa Ankers (August 17, 1918 – August 29, 1985) was a British-American actress who often played variations on the role of the cultured young leading lady in many American horror films during the 1940s, most notably '' The Wolf Man'' ( ...
, 1985, and her husband
Richard Denning Richard Denning (born Louis Albert Heindrich Denninger Jr.; March 27, 1914 – October 11, 1998) was an American actor who starred in science fiction films of the 1950s, including ''Unknown Island'' (1948), ''Creature from the Black Lagoon'' ( ...
, 1998, of ''
Hawaii Five-O Hawaii Five-O or Hawaii Five-0 may refer to: * ''Hawaii Five-0'' (2010 TV series), an American action police procedural television series * ''Hawaii Five-O'' (1968 TV series), an American police procedural drama series produced by CBS Productio ...
''.


Gallery

Image:Maui-MakawaoUnionChurch-westside.JPG, Northwest corner Image:Maui-MakawaoUnionChurch-southwestside.JPG, Southwest corner Image:Maui-MakawaoUnionChurch-roofslate.JPG, Roof slate Image:Maui-MakawaoUnionChurch-NRHP.JPG, NRHP plaque Image:Maui-MakawaoUnionChurch-belltower.JPG, Bell tower Image:Maui-MakawaoUnionChurch-stainedglasswindows3.JPG, Stained glass windows in west side


References


External links

{{Authority control Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Hawaii Churches completed in 1917 20th-century churches in the United States Religious buildings and structures in Maui County, Hawaii Gothic Revival church buildings in Hawaii 1917 establishments in Hawaii National Register of Historic Places in Maui County, Hawaii Buildings and structures in Makawao, Hawaii Hawaii Register of Historic Places