''Madeleinea'' is a

butterfly Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises ...

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Lycaenidae Lycaenidae is the second-largest family of butterflies (behind Nymphalidae, brush-footed butterflies), with over 6,000 species worldwide, whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies. They constitute about 30% of the known butterfly ...

. These

Andean The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (; ) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range is long, wide (widest between 18°S – 20°S l ...

butterflies are very interesting from a

taxonomic Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. A ...

standpoint. This genus was discussed by famous author and

lepidopterologist Lepidopterology ()) is a branch of entomology concerning the scientific study of moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies. Someone who studies in this field is a lepidopterist or, archaically, an aurelian. Origins Post- Renaissance, t ...

Vladimir Nabokov Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (russian: link=no, Владимир Владимирович Набоков ; 2 July 1977), also known by the pen name Vladimir Sirin (), was a Russian-American novelist, poet, translator, and entomologist. Bor ...

in 1945. However, he used the name ''Itylos'', which actually refers to a closely related but distinct genus described in 1921. That was not known in his time however, as the relationships of the butterflies discussed by Nabokov were only resolved in 1993. In any case, ''Nivalis'' was proposed as a replacement name by Emilio Balletto but for technical reasons turned out to be unavailable. Zsolt Bálint subsequently established the currently-valid name. The latter researcher, in cooperation with

Kurt Johnson Kurt Johnson (born March 23, 1963) is a professional American drag racing driver. He was born in Virginia, Minnesota, and currently resides in Buford, Georgia. He used to compete in the NHRA’s POWERade Drag Racing series, driving a Chevrol ...

, since then described many

taxa In biology, a taxon ( back-formation from '' taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular n ...

new to science. To honor the contributions of Nabokov to

entomology Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...

- chiefly concerning Lycaenidae -, these were often given names referring to the

novel A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, typically written in prose and published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itsel ...

s of Nabokov, or characters therein.

Selected species

At least one but probably more undescribed species are known to exist. * '' Madeleinea ardisensis'' Bálint & Lamas, 1996 – named after Ardis Hall, a place in '' Ada or Ardor: A Family Chronicle''. * '' Madeleinea bella'' Bálint & Lamas, 1996 * '' Madeleinea cobaltana'' Bálint & Lamas, 1994 – named after Kobalt, a mountain resort in ''

Pale Fire ''Pale Fire'' is a 1962 novel by Vladimir Nabokov. The novel is presented as a 999-line poem titled "Pale Fire", written by the fictional poet John Shade, with a foreword, lengthy commentary and index written by Shade's neighbor and academic col ...

'' * ''

Madeleinea colca ''Madeleinea'' is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. These Andean butterflies are very interesting from a taxonomic standpoint. This genus was discussed by famous author and lepidopterologist Vladimir Nabokov in 1945. However, he used ...

'' Bálint & Lamas, 1996 * '' Madeleinea gradoslamasi'' Bálint & Johnson, 1997 * '' Madeleinea huascarana'' Bálint & Lamas, 1994 * '' Madeleinea koa'' (Druce, 1896) * '' Madeleinea lea'' Benyamini, Bálint & Johnson, 1995 * '' Madeleinea lolita'' Bálint, 1993 – named after Dolores Haze, nicknamed "

Lolita ''Lolita'' is a 1955 novel written by Russian-American novelist Vladimir Nabokov. The novel is notable for its controversial subject: the protagonist and unreliable narrator, a middle-aged literature professor under the pseudonym Humbert Hum ...

", and the protagonist of the novel by the same title. * '' Madeleinea ludicra'' (Weymer, 1890) * '' Madeleinea malvasa'' Bálint & Pyrcz,

000 Triple zero, Triple Zero, Zero Zero Zero, Triple 0, Triple-0, 000, or 0-0-0 may refer to: * 000 (emergency telephone number), the Australian emergency telephone number * "Triple Zero", a song by AFI from ''Shut Your Mouth and Open Your Eyes'' * Th ...

/small> * '' Madeleinea moza'' (Staudinger,

894 __NOTOC__ Year 894 ( DCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Byzantine–Bulgarian War: Stylianos Zaoutzes, leading minister and ...

* '' Madeleinea nodo'' Bálint & Johnson, 1995 – named after Nodo, half-brother of Odon in ''Pale Fire''. * '' Madeleinea odon'' Bálint & Johnson, 1995 – named after Odon, half-brother of Nodo in ''Pale Fire''. * ''

Madeleinea pacis ''Madeleinea'' is a butterfly genus in the family (biology), family Lycaenidae. These Andes, Andean butterflies are very interesting from a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic standpoint. This genus was discussed by famous author and lepidopterologist ...

'' (Draudt, 1921) * '' Madeleinea pelorias'' (Weymer, 1890) * ''

Madeleinea sigal ''Madeleinea'' is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. These Andean butterflies are very interesting from a taxonomic standpoint. This genus was discussed by famous author and lepidopterologist Vladimir Nabokov in 1945. However, he used ...

'' Benyamini, Bálint & Johnson, 1995 * '' Madeleinea tintarrona'' Bálint & Johnson, 1995 – named after Tintarron, a brand of deep blue glass in ''

'' * '' Madeleinea vokoban'' Bálint & Johnson, 1995 – the specific name is "Nabokov" read backwards

References

* (1945): Notes on neotropical Plebejinae (Lycaenidae, Lepidoptera). ''

Psyche Psyche (''Psyché'' in French) is the Greek term for "soul" (ψυχή). Psyche may also refer to: Psychology * Psyche (psychology), the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious * ''Psyche'', an 1846 book about the unconscious by Car ...

'' 52: 1–61
PDF fulltext
* (1996): ''A Guide to Nabokov’s Butterflies and Moths''. Hamburg, Germany

External links

''Madeleinea''. Version of 2007-JUL-11. Retrieved 2007-DEC-30.
Photo
of male ''Madeleinea ardisensis''
Another photo
of male ''Madeleinea ardisensis'', showing underside
Photo
of female ''Madeleinea cobaltana'' {{Taxonbar, from=Q6726966 Polyommatini Lycaenidae of South America Lycaenidae genera