''Macrosoma conifera'' is moth-like butterfly described by

Warren Warren most commonly refers to: * Warren (burrow), a network dug by rabbits * Warren (name), a given name and a surname, including lists of persons so named Warren may also refer to: Places Australia * Warren (biogeographic region) * War ...

in 1897. It belongs to the family

Hedylidae Hedylidae, the "American moth-butterflies", is a Family (biology), family of insects in the order Lepidoptera, formerly representing the superfamily Hedyloidea. They have traditionally been viewed as an Extant taxon, extant sister group of the bu ...

. Originally it belonged to the genus ''

Phellinodes ''Phellinodes'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moth Moths are a group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not Butterfly, butterflies. They were previously classifie ...

''.

Malcolm J. Scoble Malcolm, Malcom, Máel Coluim, or Maol Choluim may refer to: People * Malcolm (given name), includes a list of people and fictional characters * Malcom (footballer) (born 1997), Brazilian football forward * Clan Malcolm * Maol Choluim de Innerpef ...

combined it with ''Macrosoma'' in 1986.

Distribution

The species is found extensively in

Guatemala Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala, is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico, to the northeast by Belize, to the east by Honduras, and to the southeast by El Salvador. It is hydrologically b ...

, north of

Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...

: Villarrica, Gorgona Island off the coast of

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

Cusco Cusco or Cuzco (; or , ) is a city in southeastern Peru, near the Sacred Valley of the Andes mountain range and the Huatanay river. It is the capital of the eponymous Cusco Province, province and Cusco Region, department. The city was the cap ...

in the Peruvian

Andes The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...

to eastern

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

Amazon Amazon most often refers to: * Amazon River, in South America * Amazon rainforest, a rainforest covering most of the Amazon basin * Amazon (company), an American multinational technology company * Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek myth ...

as region of

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

, the island of

Trinidad Trinidad is the larger, more populous island of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, the country. The island lies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela and sits on the continental shelf of South America. It is the southernmost island in ...

Suriname Suriname, officially the Republic of Suriname, is a country in northern South America, also considered as part of the Caribbean and the West Indies. It is a developing country with a Human Development Index, high level of human development; i ...

French Guiana French Guiana, or Guyane in French, is an Overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies. Bordered by Suriname to the west ...

, and

Belém Belém (; Portuguese for Bethlehem; initially called Nossa Senhora de Belém do Grão-Pará, in English Our Lady of Bethlehem of Great Pará), often called Belém of Pará, is the capital and largest city of the state of Pará in the north of B ...

at the mouth of the Amazon in northeastern

Description

Wings

''M. conifera'' has wings of the greyish brown ground colour.
Forewing: The forewing has weak medial, semi-translucent area. The triangular white patch on costa is usually prominent, sometimes reduced. The apex is of dark grey-brown colour.
Hindwing: The termen is sometimes weakly sinuate, sometimes rounded; medially semi-translucent with darkish grey-brown colour.
The length of the forewing is .

Genitalia

Male

Following are the characteristics of the male genitalia: *Saccus is long. *Uncus extends to level of apex of valva. *The medial element of Gnathos is not downcurved. *Valva is subtriangular and the apex is not pointed.

Female

The female genitalia has the following features: *Anal papillae is pointed. *Sternum has a sclerotized pocket on either side of the ostium bursae. *Corpus bursae is elongated and broadening gradually from ductus. *Signum is either denticulate or absent.

Antenna

The antenna is not bipectinate in both sexes.

Diagnosis

The absence of chestnut brown on the wings of ''M. conifera'' distinguishes the species from '' M. hedylaria'' and '' M. cascaria''. ''M. conifera'' is also similar in wing pattern to '' M. semiermis'' and its relatives, but in ''M. conifera'' the antenna is filiform not bipectinate.

References

Macrosoma conifera - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life

Catalogue of Life

A catalogue of the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea), with descriptions of two new species

An identification guide to the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea)

Sources

Macrosoma conifera - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life
Scoble, M.J. (1990). A catalogue of the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea), with descriptions of two new species. ''Insect Systematics & Evolution'', 21 (2), 1990, Page: 113-119. Scoble, M.J. (1990). An identification guide to the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea). ''Insect Systematics & Evolution'', 21 (2), 1990, Page: 121-158. {{Taxonbar, from=Q16448738 Hedylidae Butterflies described in 1897 Hedylidae of South America Taxa named by William Warren (entomologist) Butterflies of Central America