''Macrolepiota'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of white

spore In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual reproduction, sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for biological dispersal, dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores fo ...

d, gilled

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing Sporocarp (fungi), fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or another food source. ''Toadstool'' generally refers to a poisonous mushroom. The standard for the n ...

s of the family

Agaricaceae The Agaricaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi and include the genus ''Agaricus'', as well as basidiomycetes previously classified in the families Tulostomataceae, Lepiotaceae, and Lycoperdaceae. Taxonomy The family Agaricaceae was publishe ...

. The best-known member is the

parasol mushroom ''Macrolepiota procera'', the parasol mushroom, is a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol. It is a fairly common species on well-drained soils. It is found solitary or in groups and fairy rings i ...

(''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species.

Taxonomy

''Macrolepiota'' was

circumscribed In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to ''circumscribe'' the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be ''inscribed'' in the circle. * Circum ...

Rolf Singer Rolf Singer (June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994) was a German mycologist and Taxonomy (biology), taxonomist of gilled mushrooms (agarics). He wrote the book "The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy (biology), Taxonomy". He fled to various countries d ...

in 1948, with ''Macrolepiota procera'' as the

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

DNA studies Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of al ...

have split this genus into three

clade In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach t ...

s. The macrolepiota clade includes ''M. procera, M. clelandii'', ''M. dolichaula'' and closely related species. The macrosporae clade includes species such as ''M. mastoidea'', ''M. konradii'', and ''M. orientiexcoriata'', while the volvatae clade includes ''M. velosa'' and ''M. eucharis''.

Uses

''Macrolepiota procera'', the parasol mushroom, is a well-known and highly esteemed edible species in much of Europe.Parasol Mushroom - Private mushroom record of Józef Bossowski

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and th ...

accepts 42 species of ''Macrolepiota'': *'' Macrolepiota africana'' (R.Heim) Heinem. 1969 – Cameroon *'' Macrolepiota albida'' Heinem. 1969 *''

Macrolepiota albuminosa ''Macrolepiota albuminosa'' is a species of agaric fungus in the family Agaricaceae, found in Peradeniya, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). In 1847, English mycologist Miles Joseph Berkeley scientifically described it and named it ''Agaricus albuminosus' ...

'' (Berk.) Pegler 1972 *''

Macrolepiota ampliospora ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumsc ...

'' Sosin 1960 *'' Macrolepiota bonaerensis'' (Speg.) Singer 1951 – São Paulo *'' Macrolepiota brasiliensis'' (Rick) Raithelh. 1988 *'' Macrolepiota brunnescens'' Vellinga 2003 *'' Macrolepiota campestris'' Lebedeva ex Samgina 1983 *'' Macrolepiota citrinascens'' Vasas 1990 *'' Macrolepiota clelandii'' Grgur. 1997 – Australasia *''

Macrolepiota colombiana ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumsc ...

'' Franco-Mol. 1999 *''

Macrolepiota crustosa ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumsc ...

'' L.P. Shao & C.T. Xiang 1980 – China *''

Macrolepiota detersa ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumsc ...

'' Z.W.Ge, Zhu L.Yang & Vellinga 2010 – China *''

Macrolepiota dolichaula ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumsc ...

'' (Berk. & Broome) Pegler & R.W.Rayner 1969 *'' Macrolepiota eucharis'' Vellinga & Halling 2003 – Australia *'' Macrolepiota excoriata'' (Schaeff.) Wasser 1978 *''

Macrolepiota fornica ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumsc ...

'' Raithelh. 1988 *''

Macrolepiota fuligineosquarrosa ''Macrolepiota'' is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (''M. procera''). The widespread genus contains about 40 species. Taxonomy ''Macrolepiota'' was circumsc ...

'' Malençon 1979 – Morocco *'' Macrolepiota fuliginosa'' (Barla) Bon 1977 – Great Britain *'' Macrolepiota gasteroidea'' T.Lebel 2011 – Australia *'' Macrolepiota gracilenta'' (Krombh.) Wasser 1978 *'' Macrolepiota imbricata'' (Henn.) Pegler 1966 *'' Macrolepiota kerandi'' (Speg.) Singer 1951 *'' Macrolepiota konradii'' (Huijsman ex P.D.Orton) M.M.Moser 1967 *'' Macrolepiota mallea'' (Berk.) Manjula 1983 *'' Macrolepiota mastoidea'' (Fr.) Singer 1951 – Europe, Australia *'' Macrolepiota odorata'' Heinem. 1969 *'' Macrolepiota orientiexcoriata'' Z.W.Ge, Zhu L.Yang & Vellinga 2010 – China *'' Macrolepiota permixta'' (Barla) Pacioni 1979 – Great Britain *'' Macrolepiota phaeodisca'' Bellù 1984 – Spain *''

Macrolepiota procera ''Macrolepiota procera'', the parasol mushroom, is a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol. It is a fairly common species on well-drained soils. It is found solitary or in groups and fairy rings in p ...

'' (Scop.) Singer 1948 – Europe, Russia *'' Macrolepiota prominens'' (Sacc.) M.M.Moser 1967 *'' Macrolepiota psammophila'' Guinb. 1996 *'' Macrolepiota pulchella'' de Meijer & Vellinga 2003 *'' Macrolepiota rubescens'' (L.M.Dufour) Pázmány 1985 *'' Macrolepiota stercoraria'' (Rick) Raithelh. 1988 *'' Macrolepiota subcitrophylla'' Z.W.Ge 2012 – China *'' Macrolepiota turbinata'' T.Lebel 2011 – Australia *'' Macrolepiota velosa'' Vellinga & Zhu L.Yang 2003 – China *'' Macrolepiota vinaceofibrillosa'' T.Lebel 2011 – Australia *'' Macrolepiota zeyheri'' (Berk. & Singer) Heinem. 1962

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q19748 Agaricaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Rolf Singer Taxa described in 1948

Taxonomy

Uses

Species

See also

References

External links