Ma Wanfu ( Xiao'erjing: ; 1849–1934), also known as Hajji Guoyuan (), was a Dongxiang

Imam Imam (; , '; : , ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Salah, Islamic prayers, serve as community leaders, ...

of Guoyuan village () in Hezhou (present day Dongxiang Autonomous County in

Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture ( zh, s=临夏回族自治州 , t=臨夏回族自治州 , p=Línxià Huízú Zìzhìzhōu, Xiao'erjing: ), formerly known as Hezhou (河州) and Baohan (枹罕), is located in Gansu, Gansu Province, south of the pro ...

, Gansu Province). He studied in

Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...

and founded the Ikhwan ( Yihewani 伊赫瓦尼) movement in 1888, also known as the "New Sect" (Chinese ''Xinjiao pai'', 新教派 or ''Xinxinjiao'', 新新教), spreading in

Gansu Gansu is a provinces of China, province in Northwestern China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeastern part of the province. The seventh-largest administrative district by area at , Gansu lies between the Tibetan Plateau, Ti ...

, Ningxia and

Qinghai Qinghai is an inland Provinces of China, province in Northwestern China. It is the largest provinces of China, province of China (excluding autonomous regions) by area and has the third smallest population. Its capital and largest city is Xin ...

. He (along with the Yihewani movement) opposed

Sufism Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are r ...

Life

Ma Wanfu supported the Dungan revolt (1895–1896) against the

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...

, along with Ma Dahan and Ma Yonglin, but the rebellion was crushed by Chinese Muslim Hui forces led by Dong Fuxiang,

Ma Anliang Ma Anliang (, French romanization: Ma-ngan-leang, Xiao'erjing: ; 1855 – November 24, 1918) was a Hui people, Hui born in Linxia City, Hezhou, Gansu, China. He became a general in the Qing dynasty army, and of the Republic of China (1912 ...

, Ma Fuxiang, Ma Fulu and Ma Guoliang. Ma Wanfu surrendered, betraying the fellow Dongxiang rebel leader Ma Dahan. In 1915,

and Yang Zengxin arrested and attempted to execute Ma Wanfu, when Ma Qi rescued him as he was being shipped to execution and brought him to Xining.

Literature

* Hu Fan:
Islam in Shaanxi: Past and Present
'. Diss. Bonn 2008 * Ma Kexun 马克勋: "Zhongguo Yisilanjiao Yihewanyi pai di changdaozhe – Ma Wanfu (Guoyuan)" 中国伊斯兰教伊赫瓦尼派的倡导者——马万福(果园) he Founder of China's Islamic Ikhwan movement: Ma Wanfu In: ''Yisilanjiao zai Zhongguo'' slam in China ed. Gansu Provincial Ethnology Department. Yinchuan: Ningxia Renmin chubanshe 1982 (Chinese) *Ma Zhanbiao: "Yihewani jiaopei yu Ma Wanfu" (Yihewani und Ma Wanfu), In: ''Xibei Huizu yu Yiselanjiao.''

Yinchuan Yinchuan is the capital of the Ningxia, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, and was the capital of the Tangut people, Tangut-led Western Xia, Western Xia dynasty. It has an area of and a total population of 2,859,074 according to the 2020 C ...

: Ningxia Renmin chubanshe 1994
Mikko Suutarinen: The Dongxiang People of Gansu – Ethnic, Religious and Local Identities (Religious Identity)
( PDF format; 320 kB) *

References

External links

Ma Wanfu
nbsp;– Chinese * – English

nbsp;– English

nbsp;– Chinese * – English

nbsp;– Chinese {{DEFAULTSORT:Ma, Wanfu 1849 births 1934 deaths Religious leaders in China Dongxiang people People from Linxia Chinese imams Qing dynasty Muslims

Life

Literature

See also

References

External links