MSK-IX (Moscow Internet eXchange) is an Internet eXchange Point (IXP) with headquarters in

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

. With over 549 connected networks and 3,37Tbps of peak traffic (November 2019), MSK-IX is one of the world's largest IXPs. According to the Internet Exchange Report by Hurricane Electric Internet Services, MSK-IX is the second in Russia and is one of the seven largest in the world by the numbers of members. MSK-IX operates Internet eXchanges (IXes) in 9 cities:

, St. Petersburg,

Rostov-on-Don Rostov-on-Don ( rus, Ростов-на-Дону, r=Rostov-na-Donu, p=rɐˈstof nə dɐˈnu) is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East Eu ...

, Stavropol,

Samara Samara ( rus, Сама́ра, p=sɐˈmarə), known from 1935 to 1991 as Kuybyshev (; ), is the largest city and administrative centre of Samara Oblast. The city is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Samara (Volga), Samara rivers, with ...

Kazan Kazan ( ; rus, Казань, p=kɐˈzanʲ; tt-Cyrl, Казан, ''Qazan'', IPA: ɑzan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka rivers, covering a ...

Ekaterinburg Yekaterinburg ( ; rus, Екатеринбург, p=jɪkətʲɪrʲɪnˈburk), alternatively romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( rus, Свердло́вск, , svʲɪrˈdlofsk, 1924–1991), is a city and the administrat ...

Novosibirsk Novosibirsk (, also ; rus, Новосиби́рск, p=nəvəsʲɪˈbʲirsk, a=ru-Новосибирск.ogg) is the largest city and administrative centre of Novosibirsk Oblast and Siberian Federal District in Russia. As of the Russian Census ...

Vladivostok Vladivostok ( rus, Владивосто́к, a=Владивосток.ogg, p=vɫədʲɪvɐˈstok) is the largest city and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai, Russia. The city is located around the Zolotoy Rog, Golden Horn Bay on the Sea ...

and maintains an access

PoP Pop or POP may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Music * Pop music, a musical genre Artists * POP, a Japanese idol group now known as Gang Parade * Pop!, a UK pop group * Pop! featuring Angie Hart, an Australian band Albums * ''Pop'' (G ...

Riga Riga (; lv, Rīga , liv, Rīgõ) is the capital and largest city of Latvia and is home to 605,802 inhabitants which is a third of Latvia's population. The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava river where it meets the Ba ...

(

Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...

). MSK-IX operates a distributed

DNS The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical and distributed naming system for computers, services, and other resources in the Internet or other Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It associates various information with domain names assigned to ...

platform, which provides authoritative name servers for the country-code top-level domains (

ccTLDs A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all t ...

)

.RU .ru is the Latin alphabet Internet country code top-level domain ( ccTLD) for Russia introduced on 7 April 1994. The Russian alphabet internationalized country code is .рф. Control of .ru is assigned to the Coordination Center for TLD ...

and .РФ for Russia. Also it operates alternative DNS root servers of Russian National Domain Name System for Roskomnadzor due to (

Sovereign Internet Law The Sovereign Internet Law (russian: Закон о «суверенном интернете») is the informal name for a set of 2019 amendments to existing Russian legislation that mandate Internet surveillance and grants the Russian government ...

History

MSK-IX was founded in 1995 pursuant to the treaty signed by 6 Russian

ISPs An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for accessing, using, or participating in the Internet. ISPs can be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise private ...

willing to reduce IP-traffic latency and international backhaul costs. The treaty assigned the

Russian Institute for Public Networks The Russian Research Institute for the Development of Public Networks (RIPN) is a Russian institution that operates in two main areas: * the development of computer networks for organizations of science and education, * Development of basic elemen ...

(RIPN) as the administrator of the forthcoming IP-traffic exchange and defined technical requirements for connecting ISPs. The first MSK-IX PoP was established by RIPN at M9 facility on Butlerova st., 7. In 2001, MSK-IX became an autonomous organization. In 2002, MSK-IX joined Euro-IX, an international association of IXPs. State-run telecommunications company

Rostelecom Rostelecom is Russia’s largest provider of digital services for a wide variety of consumers, households, private businesses, government and municipal authorities, and other telecom providers. Rostelecom interconnects all local public operators� ...

have acquired the majority of MSK-IX stock in 2015.

Technical platform

MSK-IX operates a distributed

Ethernet Ethernet () is a family of wired computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 198 ...

-based switching platform spanning 38 PoPs in 10 cities. After the introduction of the "Dual Core" topology in Moscow in 2015, the total capacity of MSK-IX reached 8Tbps. MSK-IX maintains a dedicated public peering

VLAN A virtual local area network (VLAN) is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2).IEEE 802.1Q-2011, ''1.4 VLAN aims and benefits'' In this context, virtual, refers to a physi ...

at each of 9 metro areas and supports arbitrary private VLANs. Inter-city connections are provided on-net by MSK-IX and via partner ISPs. Common interface speeds are 1, 10 and 100G. The route-servers provided at each of MSK-IX public peering VLANs allow for

routing Routing is the process of selecting a path for traffic in a network or between or across multiple networks. Broadly, routing is performed in many types of networks, including circuit-switched networks, such as the public switched telephone netw ...

policy control and

DDoS In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host A ...

blackholing by use of

BGP Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous system (Internet), autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet. BGP is classified as a path-vector ...

communities. The MSK-IX DNS Cloud is a distributed anycast

platform located in 7 federal districts of Russia, in Europe and in the Americas. It provides authoritative name servers for the country-code top-level domains (

)

, .РФ, .ДЕТИ, .TATAR and .SU. for Russia and alternative DNS root servers of Russian National Domain Name System for Roskomnadzor due to (

). In Moscow, MSK-IX operates M9.PLUS colocation space of 200 racks located at M9 (Butlerova st., 7).

Professional community support

MSK-IX is a regular host and organizer of events for telecoms community. On the occasion of its 10th anniversary in 2005, MSK-IX held its first Technical seminar. Reincarnated a year later as "MSK-IX Peering Forum" , the event became a regular gathering of 500+ telecom professionals in Moscow with an agenda focused on network operations, security and peering. In 2011, MSK-IX supported RIPE NCC in launching the ENOG (Eurasia Network Operators Group) conferences. As of October 2017, MSK-IX sponsored 6 and was serving as local host for 5 ENOG events.

References

{{reflist

External links

MSK-IX official website

MSK-IX looking glass and prefix lists

MSK-IX traffic statistics

MSK-IX connected networks
Organizations established in 1995 Internet exchange points Internet exchange points in Europe Internet exchange points in Russia Internet in Russia Organizations based in Moscow Economy of Russia

History

Technical platform

Professional community support

See also

References

External links