The Asian men's rights movement, often shortened as MRAsians, is an
anti-feminist subculture among
Asian-American
Asian Americans are Americans with ancestry from the continent of Asia (including naturalized Americans who are immigrants from specific regions in Asia and descendants of those immigrants).
Although this term had historically been used for ...
men. The movement has been linked to harassment of Asian-American women, feminists, and public figures, and associated communities are characterized by
misogyny
Misogyny () is hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against Woman, women or girls. It is a form of sexism that can keep women at a lower social status than Man, men, thus maintaining the social roles of patriarchy. Misogyny has been wide ...
,
anti-blackness, and Asian-supremacist views.
Background
The MRAsian movement emerged as a response to the historical emasculation of Asian-American men produced by discriminatory laws and stereotypes found in media depictions. According to researcher Angela Liu, the "hypermasculine ethnonationalism" found in the works of Asian-American author
Frank Chin
Frank Chin (born February 25, 1940) is an American author and playwright. He is considered to be one of the pioneers of Asian-American theatre.
Life and career
Frank Chin was born in Berkeley, California on February 25, 1940. His grandfather wo ...
has had an important influence on MRAsian ideology. Some writers have also compared supporters of the movement to the
incel
Incel ( ; a portmanteau of "involuntary celibate") is a term associated with an online subculture of mostly male and heterosexual people who define themselves as unable to find a romantic or sexual partner despite desiring one. They ofte ...
community, referring to them as "ricecels".
[: 'Ethnic groups that have historically been rendered less masculine than the white norm are sometimes referred to in incel contexts as “ethnicel”. Incels are at times also divided by racial categories, like “ricecel,” for men of Chinese ethnicity or “currycell,” for South Asians from India. These labels identify these groups as “a subset of an ethnicel, meaning one whom is on the inceldom spectrum primarily as a result of a systemic racial disadvantage”.']
Ideology and views
Masculinity
According to Liu, MRAsians desire visibility for Asian-American men and seek to be perceived as ultramasculine. They believe that emasculating stereotypes of Asian-American men are linked to disenfranchisement from political power and difficulties in heterosexual dating for Asian-American men. They argue that as a result of this disempowerment, Asian-American men do not enjoy
male privilege
Male privilege is the system of advantages or rights that are available to men on the basis of their sex. A man's access to these benefits may vary depending on how closely they match their society's ideal masculine norm.
Academic studies ...
.
Asian-American women
According to Laura Sirikul, the movement focuses on controlling Asian-American women and criticizing
interracial relationship
Interracial topics include:
* Interracial marriage, marriage between two people of different races
** Interracial marriage in the United States
*** 2009 Louisiana interracial marriage incident
* Interracial adoption, placing a child of one raci ...
s. Liu argues that MRAsians believe that societal stereotypes of Asian-American women as sexually desirable grant them political power and an ability to gain societal privilege through white-adjacency. Sirikul argues that many MRAsians "weaponise statistics" against Asian women.
MRAsians see Asian-American women who date white men as being complicit in
white supremacy
White supremacy is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White supremacy has roots in the now-discredited doctrine ...
or engaging in "white worshipping". Women that MRAsians deem to be undermining Asian-American interests are labelled as "Lu" or "Aunt Lu", by analogy to
Uncle Tom
Uncle Tom is the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel ''Uncle Tom's Cabin''. The character was seen in the Victorian era as a ground-breaking literary attack against the dehumanization of slaves. Tom is a deeply religious Chri ...
.
Social justice movements
Liu notes that MRAsians view Asian-American feminists' criticism of misogyny within Asian communities as malicious. "Progressive Asian activists" and "
boba liberals" are viewed unfavorably. In the context of the MRAsian community, the term "boba liberal", originally a leftist term, has evolved to mean those who are seen to have betrayed Asian interests.
MRAsians believe that mainstream social justice advocates in the United States have ignored Asians in favor of Black people and have failed to respond adequately to violence against Asian Americans committed by Black people. They have harassed critics of
anti-blackness and
cultural appropriation
Cultural appropriation is the adoption of an element or elements of one culture or cultural identity, identity by members of another culture or identity in a manner perceived as inappropriate or unacknowledged. Such a controversy typically ari ...
within the Asian American community.
Online communities
The MRAsian community has previously been reported to have been active on the website
Reddit
Reddit ( ) is an American Proprietary software, proprietary social news news aggregator, aggregation and Internet forum, forum Social media, social media platform. Registered users (commonly referred to as "redditors") submit content to the ...
, with the subreddit r/aznidentity reported to have contained many such members. According to
Chinese-American
Chinese Americans are Americans of Chinese ancestry. Chinese Americans constitute a subgroup of East Asian Americans which also constitute a subgroup of Asian Americans. Many Chinese Americans have ancestors from mainland China, Hong Kong ...
writer
Celeste Ng
Celeste Ng ( ; zh, s=伍绮诗) (born July 30, 1980) is an American writer and novelist. She has released many short stories that have been published in a variety of literary journals. Ng's first novel, '' Everything I Never Told You'', releas ...
, several Asian American woman public figures have received harassment after being criticized on the subreddit. It has also been reported that subreddit encouraged the use of fake Twitter accounts with an attractive looking Asian man as a profile picture to amplify their viewpoints.
Harassment
Members of the MRAsian community have harassed Asian Americans that they deem to be race traitors or to have harmed the interests of Asian-American men.
MRAsians have criticized and harassed various Asian American public figures, including author
Celeste Ng
Celeste Ng ( ; zh, s=伍绮诗) (born July 30, 1980) is an American writer and novelist. She has released many short stories that have been published in a variety of literary journals. Ng's first novel, '' Everything I Never Told You'', releas ...
and actors
Constance Wu
Constance Wu (; born March 22, 1982) is an American actress. Wu's breakthrough role came with the ABC sitcom '' Fresh Off the Boat'' (2015–2020), which earned her four nominations at the Critics' Choice Television Awards. For leading the roma ...
and
Ken Jeong
Kendrick Kang-Joh Jeong ( ; ; born July 13, 1969) is an American stand-up comedian, actor and physician. He rose to prominence for playing Leslie Chow in ''The Hangover'' film series (2009–2013) and Ben Chang in the NBC sitcom ''Community'' ...
; the former two for dating white men and the latter for participating in what they perceive to be negative on-screen portrayals of Asian Americans. Harassment from MRAsians has caused some Asian American public figures to become reluctant to engage in public discourse on sensitive issues.
One
Yale
Yale University is a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701, Yale is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, and one of the nine colonial colleges ch ...
student received online harassment and threats from MRAsians after she criticized
anti-Black racism in the Asian American community.
Criticism
Researcher Angela Liu indicates that MRAsians' opposition to feminism is an "incoherent solution" to Asian American men's issues. Liu notes that much of the academic research into discrimination against Asian American men is rooted in feminism, and that the cultural emasculation of Asian American men is a result of
White supremacy
White supremacy is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White supremacy has roots in the now-discredited doctrine ...
and not feminism. She also argues that MRAsians who see Asian women as privileged confuse sexual desirability and societal privilege, noting that non-white groups stereotyped as desirable are subjugated and
fetishized, rather than privileged.
Citations
Bibliography
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{{Refend
Anti-black racism in the United States
Antifeminism
Misogyny