Mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 (MAPK 13), also known as stress-activated protein kinase 4 (SAPK4), is an
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK13''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the
MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as
proliferation,
differentiation,
transcription regulation and
development
Development or developing may refer to:
Arts
*Development (music), the process by which thematic material is reshaped
* Photographic development
*Filmmaking, development phase, including finance and budgeting
* Development hell, when a proje ...
. This kinase is closely related to
p38 MAP kinase, both of which can be activated by proinflammatory
cytokine
Cytokines () are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling.
Cytokines are produced by a broad range of cells, including immune cells like macrophages, B cell, B lymphocytes, T cell, T lymphocytes ...
s and cellular stress. MAP kinase kinases 3, and 6 can
phosphorylate
In biochemistry, phosphorylation is described as the "transfer of a phosphate group" from a donor to an acceptor. A common phosphorylating agent (phosphate donor) is ATP and a common family of acceptor are alcohols:
:
This equation can be writt ...
and activate this kinase. Transcription factor
ATF2, and microtubule dynamics regulator
stathmin
Stathmin, also known as metablastin and oncoprotein 18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''STMN1'' gene.
Stathmin is a Conservation (genetics), highly conserved 17 Dalton (unit), kDa protein that is crucial for the regulation of the ce ...
have been shown to be the
substrates of this kinase.
References
Further reading
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
EC 2.7.11
Protein kinases
{{gene-22-stub