M-20, M-220 and M222 were a range of general-purpose computers designed and manufactured in the
USSR
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
.
These computers were developed by the Scientific Research Institute of Electronic Machines (
NIIEM) and built
at Moscow Plant of Calculating and Analyzing Machines (SAM) and
the Kazan Plant of Computing Machines (under the
Ministry of Radio Industry of the USSR).
Operating systems
The operating system provided
batch processing
Computerized batch processing is a method of running software programs called jobs in batches automatically. While users are required to submit the jobs, no other interaction by the user is required to process the batch. Batches may automatically ...
and simultaneous execution, subsequently enhanced to provide a
multitasking mode.
* OS4-220 – for the М-220
* DM-222 – for the М-222
Available programming languages
*
FORTRAN – an optimized ALPHA translator – by A.P. Ershov
*
ALGOL 60
ALGOL 60 (short for ''Algorithmic Language 1960'') is a member of the ALGOL family of computer programming languages. It followed on from ALGOL 58 which had introduced code blocks and the begin and end pairs for delimiting them, representing a ...
– compiler
*
ALGOL 68
ALGOL 68 (short for ''Algorithmic Language 1968'') is an imperative programming language member of the ALGOL family that was conceived as a successor to the ALGOL 60 language, designed with the goal of a much wider scope of application and ...
– compiler, written in ALGOL 60
See also
*
The Association of M-20 Users – a M-20 software distributor
Further reading
* L.N. Korolyov. The computer structures and their software base. Moscow, Nauka, 1974.
* Electronic digital computation machines for general purposes. Vol. 4. NII EIR Publication, 1972.
External links
* http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/m220.htm
Ministry of Radio Industry (USSR) computers
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