''Lysmata'' is a genus of

shrimp Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, although some crustaceans outside of this order are refer ...

in the infraorder

Caridea The Caridea, commonly known as caridean shrimp or true shrimp, are an infraorder of shrimp within the order Decapoda. This infraorder contains all species of true shrimp. They are found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Many ...

, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the

marine aquarium A marine aquarium is an aquarium that keeps marine plants and animals in a contained environment. Marine aquaria are further subdivided by hobbyists into fish only (FO), fish only with live rock (FOWLR), and reef aquaria. Fish only tanks ofte ...

trade for their bright color patterns, interesting behaviors, and ability to control certain aquarium

pests PESTS was an anonymous American activist group formed in 1986 to critique racism, tokenism, and exclusion in the art world. PESTS produced newsletters, posters, and other print material highlighting examples of discrimination in gallery represent ...

such as sea anemones of the genus ''

Aiptasia ''Aiptasia'' is a genus of a symbiotic cnidarian belonging to the class Anthozoa (sea anemones, corals). ''Aiptasia'' is a widely distributed genus of temperate and tropical sea anemones of benthic lifestyle typically found living on mangrove ...

''. They are known to command high prices on the pet market. The genus is informally divided into two main categories. Some species are

cleaner shrimp Cleaner shrimp is a common name for a number of swimming decapod crustaceans, that clean other organisms of parasites. They belong to any of three families, Hippolytidae (including the Pacific cleaner shrimp, ''Lysmata amboinensis''), Palaem ...

which "clean" parasites and other material from

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% ...

, live in pairs, and are brightly colored, often in contrasting reds and yellows with white antennae. Other species are the "peppermint shrimp", which have semi-translucent, red-banded bodies, and live in large groups. Some peppermint shrimp perform cleaning behaviors, but less actively than do the cleaner shrimp. The genus has been studied with interest due to its unusual sexual system, protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism. While some other taxa of shrimp undergo

sequential hermaphroditism Sequential hermaphroditism (called dichogamy in botany) is a type of hermaphroditism that occurs in many fish, gastropods, and plants. Sequential hermaphroditism occurs when the individual changes its sex at some point in its life. In particular ...

, they have only been observed changing from male to female. In ''Lysmata'', males become true hermaphrodites instead of females. So far, every species studied has been confirmed to have this sexual system. During their "female phase" they actually have functioning male and female tissues in their

gonads A gonad, sex gland, or reproductive gland is a mixed gland that produces the gametes and sex hormones of an organism. Female reproductive cells are egg cells, and male reproductive cells are sperm. The male gonad, the testicle, produces ...

and produce both types of

gamete A gamete (; , ultimately ) is a haploid cell that fuses with another haploid cell during fertilization in organisms that reproduce sexually. Gametes are an organism's reproductive cells, also referred to as sex cells. In species that produce ...

. When paired, they take turns fertilizing each other's eggs. ''Lysmata'' occur in the

tropics The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred ...

and in warmer

temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...

waters. They usually live on rock and

coral reef A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups. C ...

s, in shallow and deeper areas. Some live in

sponge Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate throug ...

Species

''Lysmata'' contains the following species: *''

Lysmata amboinensis ''Lysmata amboinensis'' is an omnivorous shrimp species known by several common names including the Pacific cleaner shrimp. It is considered a cleaner shrimp as eating parasites and dead tissue from fish makes up a large part of its diet. The spe ...

'' (De Man, 1888) *'' Lysmata anchisteus'' Chace, 1972 *''

Lysmata ankeri ''Lysmata ankeri'' is a species of saltwater shrimp Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, altho ...

'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *''

Lysmata argentopunctata ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beha ...

'' Wicksten, 2000 *''

Lysmata bahia ''Lysmata bahia'' is a species of saltwater shrimp Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, althou ...

'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *'' Lysmata boggessi'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *''

Lysmata californica ''Lysmata californica'', known generally as the red rock shrimp or lined shrimp, is a species of caridean shrimp The Caridea, commonly known as caridean shrimp or true shrimp, are an infraorder of shrimp within the order Decapoda. This infraord ...

'' (Stimpson, 1866) *''

Lysmata chica ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Wicksten, 2000 *''

Lysmata debelius ''Lysmata debelius'' is a species of cleaner shrimp indigenous to the Indo-Pacific. It is popular in the aquarium trade, where it is known as the fire shrimp, blood shrimp or scarlet cleaner shrimp. Taxonomy ''Lysmata debelius'' was first desc ...

'' Bruce, 1983 *''

Lysmata dispar ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Hayashi, 2007 *''

Lysmata galapagensis ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Schmitt, 1924 *'' Lysmata grabhami'' (Gordon, 1935) *''

Lysmata gracilirostris ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Wicksten, 2000 *''

Lysmata guamensis ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Anker & Cox, 2011 *''

Lysmata hochi ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Baeza & Anker, 2008 *''

Lysmata holthuisi ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beha ...

'' Anker, Baeza & De Grave, 2009 *''

Lysmata intermedia ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' (Kingsley, 1878) *''

Lysmata jundalini ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Rhyne, Calado & Santos, 2012 *''

Lysmata kempi ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Chace, 1997 *'' Lysmata kuekenthali'' (De Man, 1902) *'' Lysmata lipkei'' Okuno & Fiedler, 2011 *''

Lysmata moorei ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' (Rathbun, 1901) *''

Lysmata morelandi ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' (Yaldwyn, 1971) *''

Lysmata multiscissa ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' (Nobili, 1904) *''

Lysmata nayaritensis ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Wicksten, 2000 *''

Lysmata nilita ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' P. F. R. Dohrn & Holthuis, 1950 *''

Lysmata olavoi ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Fransen, 1991 *''

Lysmata pederseni ''Lysmata pederseni'' is a species of saltwater shrimp first classified as ''Lysmata wurdemanni ''Lysmata wurdemanni'', commonly known as the peppermint shrimp, is a species of shrimp. Description It reaches in length, and is named for the b ...

'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *''

Lysmata philippinensis ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Chace, 1997 *''

Lysmata porteri ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' (Rathbun, 1907) *'' Lysmata rafa'' Rhyne & Anker, 2007 *''

Lysmata rathbunae ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Chace, 1970 *''

Lysmata rauli ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Laubenheimer & Rhyne, 2010 *'' Lysmata seticaudata'' (Risso, 1816) *''

Lysmata splendida ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Burukovsky, 2000 *''

Lysmata stenolepis ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Crosnier & Forest, 1973 *''

Lysmata ternatensis ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' De Man, 1902 *''

Lysmata trisetacea ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' (Heller, 1861) *'' Lysmata udoi'' Baeza, Bolaños, Hernandez & López, 2009 *''

Lysmata uncicornis ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

'' Holthuis & Maurin, 1952 *''

Lysmata vittata ''Lysmata vittata'', the peppermint shrimp, is a species of shrimp, native to the Indo-Pacific from East Africa to the Philippines, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. ''Lysmata vittata'' has been suggested as a cleaner shrimp species in aquacultu ...

'' (Stimpson, 1860) *'' Lysmata wurdemanni'' (Gibbes, 1850) *''

Lysmata zacae ''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus belongs to the family Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting beh ...

Species

Notes

References

External links