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Lungo (), known in full in Italian as ''caffè lungo'', is
Lungo (), known in full in Italian as ''caffè lungo'', is coffee
Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted, ground coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content, but decaffeinated coffee is also commercially a ...
made by using an espresso
Espresso (, ) is a concentrated form of coffee produced by forcing hot water under high pressure through finely ground coffee beans. Originating in Italy, espresso has become one of the most popular coffee-brewing methods worldwide. It is cha ...
machine to make an Italian-style coffee—short black (a single espresso shot) with more water (generally twice as much), resulting in a larger coffee, a lungo.
A normal serving of espresso takes from 18 to 30 seconds to pull, and fills 25–30 millilitres (1floz), while a lungo may take up to a minute to pull, and might fill 50–70 millilitres (2floz). Extraction time of the dose is determined by the variety of coffee beans (usually a blend of arabica and robusta), their grind, and the pressure of the machine. It is usually brewed using an espresso machine, but with twice the amount of water to the same weight of coffee, to make a much-longer drink.
In French, it is called ''café allongé'' and is popular in the Canadian province of Quebec
Quebec is Canada's List of Canadian provinces and territories by area, largest province by area. Located in Central Canada, the province shares borders with the provinces of Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, ...
.
Flavour
As the amount of water increases or decreases relative to a normal shot, the composition of the shot changes because the flavour components of coffee dissolve at varying rates. For this reason, a long or short shot will not contain the same ratio of components that a normal shot contains. Therefore, a ristretto is not simply twice as "strong" as a regular shot, nor is a lungo simply half the strength. Moreover, since espresso is brewed under pressure, a lungo does not have the same taste or composition as coffee produced by other methods, even when made with the same ratio of water and ground coffee.Brewing
Ristretto, ''normale'', and lungo are relative terms without exact measurements. Nevertheless, a rough guide is a grounds-to-liquid brewing ratio of 1:1 for ristretto, 1:2 for , and 1:4 for lungo. Assuming ristretto is a more concentrated espresso coffee, a ''ristretto solo'' is thus 15–20 ml (0.5floz) (the foamy crema slightly increases this volume), ''normale'' is 30 ml (1floz), and lungo is 60 ml (2floz). By contrast, a ''caffè crema
Caffè crema () refers to two different coffee drinks:
* An old name for espresso (1940s and 1950s).
* A long espresso drink served primarily in Germany, Switzerland and Austria and northern Italy (1980s onwards), along the Italian/Swiss and Ital ...
'' will be approximately 180 ml (6 fl oz).
See also
*List of coffee drinks
Coffee drinks are made by brewing water with ground coffee beans. The brewing is either done slowly, by Coffee filter, drip, filter, French press, moka pot or Coffee percolator, percolator, or done very quickly, under pressure, by an espresso m ...
* ''Caffè americano
''Caffè americano'' (; Spanish: ''café americano''; ), also known as americano or American, is a type of coffee drink prepared by diluting an espresso shot with hot water at a 1:3 to 1:4 ratio, resulting in a drink that retains the complex f ...
'' – hot water added to espresso (in that order)
* Long black – espresso added to hot water (in that order); famous in Australia
* Ristretto – half-length extraction; the opposite of a lungo
References
{{Authority control Coffee in Italy Coffee drinks Espresso