The Lower Rio Negro Mosaic ( is a protected area mosaic in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. It coordinates between eleven conservation units of different types in the

Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest, also called the Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin ...

to the northwest of the state capital,

Manaus Manaus () is the List of capitals of subdivisions of Brazil, capital and largest city of the States of Brazil, Brazilian state of Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonas. It is the List of largest cities in Brazil, seventh-largest city in Brazil, w ...

Location

The Lower Rio Negro Mosaic was established to cover 11 protected area in six Amazonas municipalities:

, Novo Airão, Iranduba,

Manacapuru Manacapuru (''Munychapur'') is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Amazonas. Manacapuru is the third most populous city in the state. Its Human Development Index (HDI) in 2010 was 0.614, and its GDP per capita in 2021 was $2,717.89 ...

, Barcelos and

Presidente Figueiredo Presidente Figueiredo is a Municipalities of Brazil, municipality located in the States of Brazil, Brazilian state of Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonas. Its population was 37,193 (2020) and its area is 25,422 km2. History The name of the ...

, with a total area of . It contains conservation units in the

Amazon biome The Amazon biome () contains the Amazon rainforest, an area of tropical rainforest, and other ecoregions that cover most of the Amazon basin and some adjacent areas to the north and east. The biome contains blackwater river, blackwater and whitewa ...

in the state of Amazonas. The mosaic is part of the Central Amazon Biosphere Reserve and Ecological Corridor. It covers an area of high biodiversity and high socio-cultural diversity. It includes

igapó (, from Tupi language, Old Tupi: "root forest") is a word used in Brazil for Blackwater river, blackwater-flooded forests in the Amazon biome. These forests and similar swamp forests are seasonally inundated with freshwater. They typically occur ...

, terra firma forest, campina,

campinarana Campinarana (NT0158, ), also called Rio Negro Campinarana, is a neotropical ecoregion in the Amazon biome of the north west of Brazil, southern Venezuela, and the east of Colombia that contains vegetation adapted to extremely poor soil. It includ ...

s, and

caatinga Caatinga () is a type of semi-arid tropical vegetation, and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in interior northeastern Brazil. The name "Caatinga" comes from the Tupi word '' ka'atinga'', meaning "white forest" or "white vegetat ...

Background

The people of the mosaic include traditional riparian communities, indigenous people, artisan fishers, small farmers and gatherers, as well as people involved in tourism, extraction, business and government. Traditional occupations include

slash-and-burn Slash-and-burn agriculture is a form of shifting cultivation that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland to create a Field (agriculture), field called a swidden. The method begins by cutting down the trees and woody p ...

agriculture, plant and animal extraction, logging, hunting, crafts and tourism. The local residents have the knowledge needed for sustainable development such as ecotourism, non-timber extraction, agriculture, fishing and other practices. Creation of the Manaus Free Trade Zone in the 1960s generated intensive population movement into the region and economic growth, and also created social, economic and environmental problems that persist today. Creation of conservation units in the 1980s and 1990s without public consultation caused further conflicts. Many of the traditional residents began to organize and claim rights to access natural resources and territory.

Creation and objectives

The proposal to create the mosaic was prepared by IPÊ - Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (Institute of Ecological Research) and submitted in January 2005 to the Fundo Nacional do Meio Ambiente – FNMA (National Environment Fund). Various government agencies, non-governmental organizations and civil society groups participated in developing the plan. The

Waimiri Atroari Indigenous Territory The Waimiri Atroari Indigenous Territory () is an Indigenous territory (Brazil), indigenous territory in the states of Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonas and Roraima, Brazil. There has been a long history of violent conflict between the indigenou ...

also participated in the process of creating the mosaic, with the possibility of becoming one of its components. The Lower Rio Negro Mosaic was recognized by ordnance 483 of the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment on 14 December 2010. The National System of Conservation Units (SNUC) law defines a mosaic as a collection of protected areas of the same or different categories that are near to each other, adjoin each other or overlap, and that should be managed as a whole. Given the different categories of conservation unit and other protected areas in a mosaic, including fully protected and sustainable use units, the different conservation goals must be considered.

Conservation units

The Lower Rio Negro Mosaic contains the following conservation units:

Notes

Sources

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Lower Rio Negro Mosaic Environmental protection areas of Brazil Protected areas of Amazonas (Brazilian state) 2010 establishments in Brazil