
The Lower Anaicut or Anaikkarai is a
dam
A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aqua ...
and bridge built on the
Kollidam (the northern distributary of
Kaveri River) in the Indian state of
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is the southernmost States and union territories of India, state of India. The List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of Indi ...
.
It was built in 1902 by the
colonial administration of the
Madras Presidency
The Madras Presidency or Madras Province, officially called the Presidency of Fort St. George until 1937, was an administrative subdivision (province) of British India and later the Dominion of India. At its greatest extent, the presidency i ...
for irrigating the erstwhile
South Arcot district. Stones from the ruins of
Gangaikonda Cholapuram were used to construct the dam. It is situated about 70 miles below the
Upper Anaicut and 25 km from
Kumbakonam
Kumbakonam (formerly spelt as Coombaconum or Combaconum), or Kudanthai, is a city municipal corporation in the Thanjavur district in the States of India, Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located from Thanjavur and from Chennai and is the hea ...
. It has a shutter and sluice system that distributes the Kollidam water into various waterways. At Lower Anaicut, the Kollidam branches off into Manniar and Uppanai.
Lower Anaicut is the terminal barrage across the Kaveri river system for sharing the river water per
Cauvery Water Dispute Tribunal. 10
tmcft
Tmcft, (Tmc ft), (TMC), (tmc) is the abbreviation of thousand million cubic feet (1,000,000,000 = 109 = 1 billion), commonly used in India in reference to volume of water in a reservoir
or river
A river is a natural stream of fresh wa ...
water is allocated for the minimum environmental flows in the down stream of the Lower Anaicut. Another 4 tmcft is identified as unavoidable wastage to the sea from the Lower Anaicut/river basin. If Tamil Nadu is unable to use the available Kaveri waters and water over flows downstream of Lower Anaicut in excess of 14 tmcft, the excess water gone to sea is considered as part of the utilisable water under the share of Tamil Nadu per the Kaveri Water Dispute Tribunal.
References
{{Coord, 11, 8, 20, N, 79, 27, 6, E, type:landmark_region:IN, display=title, name=Lower Anaicut
Dams in Tamil Nadu
Kaveri River
Dams completed in 1902
1902 establishments in British India
20th-century architecture in India
Water Heritage Sites in India