Louis VII (c. 1368 – 1 May 1447), called the Bearded (German: ''Ludwig der Bärtige'') was the Duke of
Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1413 until 1443. He was a son of Duke
Stephen III and
Taddea Visconti.
Biography
As brother of
Isabella of Bavaria-Ingolstadt, wife of
Charles VI of France
Charles VI (3 December 136821 October 1422), nicknamed the Beloved () and in the 19th century, the Mad ( or ''le Fou''), was King of France from 1380 until his death in 1422. He is known for his mental illness and psychosis, psychotic episodes t ...
, he spent several years in France. When he succeeded his father in 1413 he ordered to build the New Castle of
Ingolstadt
Ingolstadt (; Austro-Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian: ) is an Independent city#Germany, independent city on the Danube, in Upper Bavaria, with 142,308 inhabitants (as of 31 December 2023). Around half a million people live in the metropolitan ...
, which was strongly influenced by French Gothic.
In 1408 Louis, Duke
William II of Bavaria-Straubing and Duke
John the Fearless
John I (; ; 28 May 1371 – 10 September 1419) was a scion of the French royal family who ruled the Burgundian State from 1404 until his assassination in 1419. He played a key role in French national affairs during the early 15th century, part ...
of Burgundy, defeated the citizens of
Liège
Liège ( ; ; ; ; ) is a City status in Belgium, city and Municipalities in Belgium, municipality of Wallonia, and the capital of the Liège Province, province of Liège, Belgium. The city is situated in the valley of the Meuse, in the east o ...
who revolted against William's brother
John
John is a common English name and surname:
* John (given name)
* John (surname)
John may also refer to:
New Testament
Works
* Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John
* First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John
* Second E ...
, the
prince-bishop of Liège
A prince-bishop is a bishop who is also the civil ruler of some secular principality and sovereignty, as opposed to '' Prince of the Church'' itself, a title associated with cardinals. Since 1951, the sole extant prince-bishop has been the B ...
, on the
field of Othée. The hot-tempered Louis was not only in conflict with his former ally John the Fearless but fought also several times against his cousin
Henry XVI of
Bavaria-Landshut
Bavaria-Landshut () was a duchy in the Holy Roman Empire from 1353 to 1503.
History
The creation of the duchy was the result of the death of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian. In the Treaty of Landsberg 1349, which divided up Louis's empire, his ...
, who had united his enemies in the
Parakeet Society of 1414 and the
League of Constance of 1415.
The death of John of Bavaria in 1425 caused a new conflict between Louis and his cousins Henry,
Ernest
Ernest is a given name derived from the Germanic languages, Germanic word ''ernst'', meaning "serious", often shortened to Ernie.
Notable people and fictional characters with the name include:
People
*Archduke Ernest of Austria (1553–1595), ...
and
William III, Duke of Bavaria-Munich. As a result, John's duchy
Bavaria-Straubing
Bavaria-Straubing denotes the widely scattered territorial inheritance in the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria that were governed by independent dukes of Bavaria-Straubing between 1353 and 1432; a map (''illustration'') of these marches and outlier ...
then was partitioned between the four dukes in 1429.
Finally, Louis was imprisoned in 1443 by his own son,
Louis VIII, who had allied with Henry XVI. Louis died in 1447 as Henry's prisoner. Since Louis VIII had died already two years before, the duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt passed to Henry.
Marriages
Louis married twice. His first wife was
Anne de Bourbon-La Marche, a daughter of
John I, Count of La Marche, whom he married on 1 October 1402. She was the widow of Jean de Berry, Count of Montpensier. She died in 1408. They had two sons:
*
Louis VIII of
Bavaria-Ingolstadt (1 September 1403 – 7 April 1445) and
* Johann (born 1404) who died in early infancy.
In 1413, he married secondly
Catherine of Alençon, the daughter of Peter II of Alençon and Marie Chamaillart, Viscountess of Beaumont-au- Maine. They had a son:
* Johann (born 6 February 1415) and
* an unnamed daughter.
Both children died young. By various mistresses, Louis fathered several illegitimate children.
References
Sources
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Louis 07, Duke of Bavaria
1360s births
1447 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
15th-century dukes of Bavaria
House of Wittelsbach
Grand masters of France
Medieval Knights of the Holy Sepulchre