Louis Tullius Joachim Visconti (

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

February 11, 1791 – December 29, 1853) was an

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...

-born French

architect An architect is a person who plans, designs, and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...

and

designer A designer is a person who plans the form or structure of something before it is made, by preparing drawings or plans. In practice, anyone who creates tangible or intangible objects, products, processes, laws, games, graphics, services, or exper ...

Life

Son of the Italian archaeologist and art historian

Ennio Quirino Visconti Ennio Quirino Visconti (November 1, 1751 – February 7, 1818) was a Roman politician, antiquarian, and art historian, papal Prefect of Antiquities, and the leading expert of his day in the field of ancient Roman sculpture. His son, Pietro Ercole ...

, Visconti designed many Parisian residences, public buildings and squares, including the Place Saint Sulpice and the overall design of the

Fontaine Molière The Fontaine Molière is a fountain in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, at the junction of the Rue Molière and the Rue de Richelieu. Its site was occupied by a fountain known as the ''Fontaine Richelieu'' until 1838, when it was demolished due ...

, and was briefly the official architect for the

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...

under

Napoleon III Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was President of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first president, second emperor, and last ...

. He is probably most famed for designing the 1842 tomb of

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...

Les Invalides The Hôtel des Invalides (; ), commonly called (; ), is a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and an old soldi ...

. His students include

Joseph Poelaert Joseph Poelaert (21 March 1817 – 3 November 1879) was a Belgium, Belgian architect. He was entrusted with important projects in Brussels, such as Saint Catherine's Church, Brussels, Saint Catherine's Church, the Church of Our Lady of Laeken, t ...

, designer of the Palais de justice de Bruxelles. Louis Visconti came from a famous family of archaeologists - his grandfather Giambattista Antonio Visconti (1722–1784) had founded the

Vatican Museums The Vatican Museums (; ) are the public museums of the Vatican City. They display works from the immense collection amassed by the Catholic Church and the papacy throughout the centuries, including several of the best-known Roman sculptures and ...

and his father,

(1751–1818), was a curator. Ennio and his family moved to Paris in 1798 and were naturalised as French citizens in 1799, with Ennio becoming a curator of antiquities and paintings at the

Musée du Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...

. Between 1808 and 1817 Louis studied at Paris's

École des Beaux-Arts ; ) refers to a number of influential art schools in France. The term is associated with the Beaux-Arts architecture, Beaux-Arts style in architecture and city planning that thrived in France and other countries during the late nineteenth centu ...

under

Charles Percier Charles Percier (; 22 August 1764 – 5 September 1838) was a neoclassical French architect, interior decorator and designer, who worked in a close partnership with Pierre François Léonard Fontaine, originally his friend from student days. Fo ...

. He also studied under the painter

François-André Vincent François-André Vincent (; 30 December 1746 – 4 August 1816) was a French neoclassical painter. Biography Vincent was born in Paris in 1746, the son of the miniaturist François-Elie Vincent. He studied under Joseph-Marie Vien and wa ...

. After winning second prize in the architecture section of the

prix de Rome The Prix de Rome () or Grand Prix de Rome was a French scholarship for arts students, initially for painters and sculptors, that was established in 1663 during the reign of Louis XIV of France. Winners were awarded a bursary that allowed them t ...

(1814) and the architecture department prize at the École des Beaux-Arts (1817), he was made architecte-voyer to the 3rd and 8th arrondissements of Paris in 1826, curator of the 8th section of public monuments in Paris (made up of the Bibliothèque royale, the monument on

place des Victoires The Place des Victoires (; English: Victory Square, 'Square of Victories') is a circular Town square, square in central Paris, located a short distance northeast of the Palais-Royal and straddling the border between the 1st arrondissement of Pari ...

Porte Saint-Martin The Porte Saint-Martin (, ''St. Martin Gate'') is a Parisian monument located at the site of one of the gates of the now-destroyed fortifications of Paris. It is located at the crossing of the Rue Saint-Martin, the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Martin an ...

, Saint-Denis and the

colonne Vendôme Colonne () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. Population See also *Communes of the Jura department The following is a list of the 492 communes of the Jura department of France. The co ...

) in 1832, divisional architect in 1848, and government architect in 1849. In the meantime, in 1840, he designed Paris's decorations for the return of Napoleon's remains and Napoleon's tomb at the

Invalides The Hôtel des Invalides (; ), commonly called (; ), is a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and an old sold ...

Collaborating with

Émile Trélat Émile Trélat (6 March 1821 – 30 October 1907) was a French politician. He was the son of Ulysse Trélat and great-grandfather of Gabriel Richet. He graduated at the École Centrale Paris in 1840. He first managed the ceramic factory o ...

in the works to rebuild the Bibliothèque royale du Louvre in May 1848, he produced a first-draft design for completing the

Palais du Louvre The Louvre Palace (, ), often referred to simply as the Louvre, is an iconic French palace located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in Paris, occupying a vast expanse of land between the Tuileries Gardens and the church of Saint-Ger ...

. He was made architect to the palais des Tuileries on 7 July 1852 and architect to

Napoléon III Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was President of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first president, second emperor, and last ...

on 16 February 1853, and was put in charge of connecting the Palais du Louvre and the

Palais des Tuileries The Tuileries Palace (, ) was a palace in Paris which stood on the right bank of the Seine, directly in the west-front of the Louvre Palace. It was the Parisian residence of most French monarchs, from Henri IV to Napoleon III, until it was ...

, a project known as

Nouveau Louvre The expansion of the Louvre under Napoleon III in the 1850s, known at the time and until the 1980s as the Nouveau Louvre or Louvre de Napoléon III, was an iconic project of the Second French Empire and a centerpiece of its ambitious Haussmann's ...

and only completed later by

Hector-Martin Lefuel Hector-Martin Lefuel (; 14 November 1810 – 31 December 1880) was a French architect, best known for his work on the Palais du Louvre, including Napoleon III's Louvre expansion and the reconstruction of the Pavillon de Flore. Early life and t ...

. He was also made president of the

Société Centrale des Architectes Groupe Lactalis S.A. (doing business as Lactalis) is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier S.A. Lactalis is the largest dairy pr ...

in 1852. Visconti died of a heart attack in 1853, the year of his election to the

Académie des Beaux-Arts The (; ) is a French learned society based in Paris. It is one of the five academies of the . The current president of the academy (2021) is Alain-Charles Perrot, a French architect. Background The academy was created in 1816 in Paris as a me ...

. He is buried in Pere Lachaise Cemetery in Paris with a full size reclining figure of himself on the tomb.

Major works

* Hôtel de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, also known as Mle Mars, 1 rue de la Tour-des-Dames, 1821. * Aménagements de l'hôtel de Charost, 39

rue du Faubourg-Saint-Honoré ''Ruta graveolens'', commonly known as rue, common rue or herb-of-grace, is a species of the genus ''Ruta'' grown as an ornamental plant and herb. It is native to the Mediterranean. It is grown throughout the world in gardens, especially for it ...

, 1825. * Fontaine Gaillon, place Gaillon, Paris, 1824-1828. * Agrandissement du

Palais du Luxembourg The Luxembourg Palace (, ) is at 15 Rue de Vaugirard in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France. It was originally built (1615–1645) to the designs of the French architect Salomon de Brosse to be the royal residence of the regent Marie de' Med ...

, 1834. * Immeuble Farine, 104

rue de Richelieu The Rue de Richelieu () is a long street of Paris, starting in the south of the 1st arrondissement at the Comédie-Française and ending in the north of the 2nd arrondissement. For the first half of the 19th century, before Georges-Eugène Hau ...

, 1834. * Château du Grand-Bury, 1834. * Fontaine Louvois, Paris, 1835-1839. * Hôtel de Pontalba, 41

, 1839. * Hôtel Collot, 25

quai Anatole-France The Quai Anatole-France () is a quay on the south bank of the River Seine in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France. Location At 585 meters long, the Quai Anatole-France begins after the Quai Voltaire, at the level of the Rue du Bac, and con ...

, Paris, 1840, neoclassical style * Hôtel Visconti, 3 rue Fortin, 1840. * Fontaine Molière, 37

, Paris, 1841-1843. * Fontaine de la

place Saint-Sulpice The Place Saint-Sulpice is a large public square, dominated on its eastern side by the Saint-Sulpice (Paris), Church of Saint-Sulpice. It was built in 1754 as a tranquil garden in the Latin Quarter, Paris, Latin Quarter of the 6th arrondissement ...

, Paris, 1842-1848. * Hôtel de La Tour du Pin, 25 rue Barbet-de-Jouy, 1844. * Château de Lissy,

Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne () is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its ...

, 1844. * Hôtel Rigaud, 10 rue Mogador, 1845. * Agrandissement du ministère de l'Intérieur,

rue de Grenelle ''Ruta graveolens'', commonly known as rue, common rue or herb-of-grace, is a species of the genus ''Ruta'' grown as an ornamental plant and herb. It is native to the Mediterranean. It is grown throughout the world in gardens, especially for it ...

, with Moreau, 1846. * Extension du ministère des Finances, 1846. * Hôtel de La Vaupalière, rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré, rebuilding (undated).

Sources

* A Dictionary of Architecture and Building, Biographical, Historical, and Descriptive, Russell Sturgis editor, 1901 * Françoise Hamon and Charles MacCallum, ''Louis Visconti. 1791-1853'', Paris, Délégation à l'Action Artistique de la Ville de Paris, 1991 –

External links

*
Page on base Structurae
*

on a site about rue Visconti, Paris {{DEFAULTSORT:Visconti, Joachim 19th-century French architects 1791 births 1853 deaths Architects from Rome Italian emigrants to France Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery Members of the Académie des beaux-arts Prix de Rome for architecture Members of the Académie d'architecture Officers of the Legion of Honour People associated with the Louvre