Louis-Auguste Desmarres (September 22, 1810 – August 22, 1882) was a French

ophthalmologist Ophthalmology (, ) is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and surgery of eye diseases and disorders. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Following a ...

born in

Évreux Évreux () is a commune in and the capital of the department of Eure, in the French region of Normandy. History Antiquity In late Antiquity, the town, attested in the fourth century AD, was named '' Mediolanum Aulercorum'', "the central town ...

Eure Eure ( ; ; or ) is a department in the administrative region of Normandy, northwestern France, named after the river Eure. Its prefecture is Évreux. In 2021, Eure had a population of 598,934.Frédéric Jules Sichel Frédéric Jules Sichel (14 May 1802 – 11 November 1868) was a German-born, French physician and entomologist. Frédéric Jules Sichel was born in Frankfurt am Main. From 1820, he studied medicine at the universities of Würzburg, Tübingen and ...

(1802–1868) in Paris. He worked as a physician in the hospitals of Paris, and was a teacher to Swiss ophthalmologist

Johann Friedrich Horner Johann Friedrich Horner (27 March 1831 – 20 December 1886) was an ophthalmologist based at the University of Zurich, Switzerland. Biography Horner was born in Zurich. After receiving his medical degree from the University of Zurich in 185 ...

(1831–1886). Desmarres was one of the better known ophthalmic surgeons in 19th century France, and is remembered for an important textbook on diseases of the eye called ''Traité théorique et pratique des maladies des yeux'' (1847). He is credited for introducing a surgical procedure for

pterygium A pterygium (: ''pterygia'' or ''pterygiums'') is any wing-like triangular membrane occurring in the neck, eyes, knees, elbows, ankles or digits. The term comes from the Greek word ''pterygion'' meaning "wing". Types * Popliteal pterygium syn ...

, and has a number of surgical instruments named after him, including: "Desmarres curved lid retractor", "Desmarres

cornea The cornea is the transparency (optics), transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the Iris (anatomy), iris, pupil, and Anterior chamber of eyeball, anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and Lens (anatomy), lens, the cornea ...

l dissector" and "Desmarres

chalazion A chalazion (; plural chalazia or chalazions) or meibomian cyst is not a cyst but a granuloma in the eyelid that results from a blocked meibomian gland. It typically occurs in the middle of the eyelid, red, and not painful. They tend to come ...

forceps Forceps (: forceps or considered a plural noun without a singular, often a pair of forceps; the Latin plural ''forcipes'' is no longer recorded in most dictionaries) are a handheld, hinged instrument used for grasping and holding objects. Forcep ...

". His name is also associated with "Desmarres' dacryoliths", defined as concretions consisting of ''

Nocardia ''Nocardia'' is a genus of weakly staining Gram-positive, catalase, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. It forms partially acid-fast beaded branching filaments (appearing similar to fungi, but being truly bacteria). It contains a total of 8 ...

'' species, located in the lacrimal ducts.
Mondofacto Dictionary He died in

Neuilly-sur-Seine Neuilly-sur-Seine (; 'Neuilly-on-Seine'), also known simply as Neuilly, is an urban Communes of France, commune in the Hauts-de-Seine Departments of France, department just west of Paris in France. Immediately adjacent to the city, north of the ...

Publications

* ''Mémoire sur une nouvelle méthode d'employer le nitrate d'argent dans quelques ophtalmies'', éd. Garnier, Paris, (1842) * ''Traité théorique et pratique des maladies des yeux'', éd. G. Baillière, Paris, (1847)

References

* ''This article is based on a translation of the equivalent article from the German and French Wikipedia.''

External links

* *
Outlines of the History of Medicine and the Medical Profession
by Johann Hermann Baas
Dictionary of the History of medicine
1810 births 1882 deaths People from Évreux French ophthalmologists {{France-med-bio-stub