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Lotsawa () is a Tibetan title used to refer to the Nyingma's ''Ancient Translation School'' of 108 Tibetan translators, which include
Lotsawa () is a Tibetan title used to refer to the Nyingma's ''Ancient Translation School'' of 108 Tibetan translators, which include Vairotsana
Vairotsana () was a lotsawa or "translator" living during the reign of King Trisong Detsen, who ruled 755-97 CE. Vairotsana, one of the 25 main disciples of Padmasambhava, was recognized by the latter as a reincarnation of an Indian pandita. ...
, Rinchen Zangpo, Marpa Lotsawa, Tropu Lotsawa Jampa Pel and many others. They worked alongside Indian scholars, or panditas, to prepare the first translation into the Tibetan language of the Kangyur and Tengyur of the Buddhist Canon, from original texts written in Pali
Pāli (, IAST: pāl̤i) is a Classical languages of India, classical Middle Indo-Aryan languages, Middle Indo-Aryan language of the Indian subcontinent. It is widely studied because it is the language of the Buddhist ''Pali Canon, Pāli Can ...
, Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural ...
, Classical Chinese, Buddihist Hybrid Sanskrit and other Asian languages. Working under the direction of Padmasambhava and Shantarakshita in the 8th century, their patron was King Trisong Detsen. The term is also used to refer to modern-day translators of Tibetan Buddhist texts.
Lotsawa is thought to derive from the Sanskrit word '' licchavi'', a privileged ancient and medieval Indo-Aryan tribe and dynasty. TAnother theory has it that the term is a transliteration of the Sanskrit compound ''lokacakṣu'', literally "eye of the world" or more symbolically, "the Sun".
Jnanasutra, a Nyingma, was the principal lotsawa of the first wave of translations from Sanskrit to Tibetan.
Yudra Nyingpo
Yudra Nyingpo () was one of the chief disciples of Vairotsana and one of the principal lotsawa "translators" of the first translation stage of texts into Tibetan.
Yudra Nyingpo became one of the greatest masters of Nyingma Dzogchen Semde and Longd ...
, one of the chief disciples of Vairotsana
Vairotsana () was a lotsawa or "translator" living during the reign of King Trisong Detsen, who ruled 755-97 CE. Vairotsana, one of the 25 main disciples of Padmasambhava, was recognized by the latter as a reincarnation of an Indian pandita. ...
, was also a principal lotsawa of the first translation stage of texts into Tibetan.Mindrolling International (2010). "The History of Mindrolling: Part III". Source: {{cite web , url=http://www.lotusgardens.org/mindrollinghistory/part_3.cfm , title=Mindrolling History: Part III , accessdate=2010-04-15 , url-status=dead, archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100713024103/http://www.lotusgardens.org/mindrollinghistory/part_3.cfm , archivedate=2010-07-13 (accessed: Thursday April 15, 2010)
See also
* Rinchen Zangpo * Marpa LotsawaReferences