Lorent Saleh
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Lorent Enrique Gómez Saleh (born 22 July 1988) is a prominent Venezuelan opposition activist and president of the Operación Libertad civil-rights group. Saleh was arrested in Columbia in September 2014, where he had been since February aiming to raise awareness about Colombian guerillas allegedly being trained by the Venezuelan government. He was deported after Colombian authorities said he had been involved in political work that violated the terms of his visa. Gabriel Valles, who was working alongside Saleh, held a press conference about Saleh's arrest the following day, and was himself detained and deported to Venezuela. Driven across the border, the men were separately handed over to the
Bolivarian National Intelligence Service The Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (, SEBIN) is the premier intelligence agency in Venezuela. SEBIN is an internal security force subordinate to the Vice President of Venezuela since 2012 and is dependent on Vice President Delcy Rodríg ...
(Spanish: Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia Nacional, SEBIN), Venezuela's intelligence agency. Between 2014 and 2018, the men were held without trial in
La Tumba La Tumba () is an underground detention facility of a tower in Caracas, Venezuela, that serves as the headquarters for the Bolivarian Intelligence Service (SEBIN). It was initially designed as offices for the Caracas Metro. History Design and ...
, an underground prison in
Caracas Caracas ( , ), officially Santiago de León de Caracas (CCS), is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, and the center of the Metropolitan Region of Caracas (or Greater Caracas). Caracas is located along the Guaire River in the northern p ...
. A legal hearing for Saleh was postponed 52 times. In 2017, Saleh was one of eight Venezuelans awarded the
Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, commonly known as the Sakharov Prize, is an honorary award for individuals or groups who have dedicated their lives to the defence of human rights and freedom of thought. Named after Russian scientis ...
by the
European Parliament The European Parliament (EP) is one of the two legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it ...
as a representative of all Venezuelan political prisoners documented by the human rights organisation Foro Penal (Penal Forum). On 12 October 2018, he was released by the Venezuelan authorities and immediately exiled to Spain.


Activism

In 2009, Saleh cofounded an organisation in opposition to the government of
Venezuelan President The president of Venezuela (), officially known as the president of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (), is the executive head of state and head of government of Venezuela. The president leads the National Executive of the Venezuelan go ...
Hugo Chávez Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (; ; 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician, Bolivarian Revolution, revolutionary, and Officer (armed forces), military officer who served as the 52nd president of Venezuela from 1999 until De ...
. In February 2011, he began a
hunger strike A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance where participants fasting, fast as an act of political protest, usually with the objective of achieving a specific goal, such as a policy change. Hunger strikers that do not take fluids are ...
in front of the headquarters of the
Organization of American States The Organization of American States (OAS or OEA; ; ; ) is an international organization founded on 30 April 1948 to promote cooperation among its member states within the Americas. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, the OAS is ...
(OAS) in
Caracas Caracas ( , ), officially Santiago de León de Caracas (CCS), is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, and the center of the Metropolitan Region of Caracas (or Greater Caracas). Caracas is located along the Guaire River in the northern p ...
with 13 other young people as the national coordinator of the Active Youth Organization Venezuela Unida (JAVU). demanding the release of , José Sánchez Mazuco and Judge
María Lourdes Afiuni María Lourdes Afiuni Mora (born 8 June 1963) is a Venezuelan judge. She was head of the 31st Control Court of Caracas before she was arrested in 2009 on charges of corruption after ordering the conditional release on bail of businessman Eligio Ce ...
, among other people considered as political prisoners, and asking Secretary General
José Miguel Insulza José Miguel Insulza Salinas (born June 2, 1943) is a Chilean politician, lawyer, and academic serving as a senator for the Arica y Parinacota Region since 2018. He previously served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1994 to 1999 and Ministe ...
to be "more forceful in the face of the government's crimes." Saleh was accused the same year of the crime of "disseminating false information that causes distress" along with Gabriel Vallés, another student activist, when they were arrested with slingshots and other materials to use during the protests and with posters pointing at then-President Chávez to lying about his electoral promises. On 2 May 2011, members of the
Bolivarian National Guard The Bolivarian National Guard of Venezuela ( - GNB), is a gendarmerie component of the National Armed Forces of Venezuela. The national guard can serve as gendarmerie, perform civil defense roles, or serve as a reserve light infantry force. The n ...
fired shots at some demonstrators and evicted several youths, including Saleh, who had chained themselves to the gates of the Judicial Circuit of Barinas to demand the release of Delfín Parra Gómez, a military man who was processed. for alleged corruption in the Central Agroindustrial Azucarero Ezequiel Zamora (Caeez) and whom the youth considered a political prisoner. Saleh was severely beaten and detained, and as a result of the event, judicial proceedings were opened for the alleged crimes of resistance to authority, basic type injuries and violent outrage against a public official. His mother, Yamileth Saleh, was also imputed during the presentation hearing. At the beginning of July, Saleh was arrested by the
Bolivarian Intelligence Service The Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (, SEBIN) is the premier intelligence agency in Venezuela. SEBIN is an internal security force subordinate to the Vice President of Venezuela since 2012 and is dependent on Vice President Delcy Rodríg ...
(SEBIN) while he was arriving at a peaceful protest on Urdaneta Avenue, in Caracas. He was released hours later. In December he is arrested again by unidentified individuals after landing at the Santo Domingo airport in Táchira. In 2012, Saleh's NGO Operación Libertad launched an international campaign in rejection of the departure of Venezuela from the Inter-American Human Rights System. Saleh was beaten by military personnel while participating in a protest at the University of the Andes. Days later, in January 2013, when trying to travel to
Costa Rica Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime bo ...
, airport authorities of
Valencia, Carabobo Valencia () is the capital city of Carabobo State and the third-largest city in Venezuela. The city is an economic hub that contains Venezuela's top industries and manufacturing companies. It is also the largest city in the Valencia-Maracay ...
prevented him from boarding the plane and canceled his passport. After accusations that at the end of July 2013 Saleh participated in
Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...
in the launching of the Nationalist Alliance for Freedom, a political movement that defines itself as " Identitarian nationalist" in addition to "
anti-Zionist Anti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism. Although anti-Zionism is a heterogeneous phenomenon, all its proponents agree that the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, and the movement to create a sovereign Jewish state in the Palestine (region) ...
", Saleh said months later in an interview with ''
El Espectador ''El Espectador'' () is a nationally circulated Colombian newspaper founded by Fidel Cano Gutiérrez in 1887 in Medellín and published since 1915 in Bogotá. It was initially published twice a week, 500 issues each, but some years later became ...
'': "I am Latin American, of Palestinian family, I can not believe in Nazi, neo-Nazi or radical positions of any kind, I am not Neo-Nazi nor do I believe in militarist governments." In February 2014, Saleh began an international campaign to denounce human rights violations during the
2014 Venezuelan protests In 2014, a series of protests, political demonstrations, and civil insurrection began in Venezuela due to the country's high levels of urban violence, inflation, and chronic shortages of basic goods attributed to economic policies such as strict ...
. In Costa Rica he got the attention of the Congress, members of the Church and important figures of the country. On February 19, seven days after the start of the protests, the death of three people in Caracas and the handing over of Leopoldo López to the Venezuelan authorities, Saleh traveled again to Colombia. On 2 May, Venezuelan Interior Minister
Miguel Rodríguez Torres Miguel Eduardo Rodríguez Torres (born 21 January 1964) was the Minister of Interior, Justice and Peace of Venezuela from 2013, until he was replaced by Carmen Meléndez on 24 October 2014. Military career In 1980, he attended the Military Acade ...
claimed that
Henrique Salas Römer Henrique Salas Römer (born 17 April 1936 in Puerto Cabello, Carabobo, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan economist from Yale University, politically active in Venezuela since 1983. In 1989 he was elected governor of his home state Carabobo and re-el ...
financed the JAVU group and read a supposed document with confidential information dated 2011, about supposed "training camps" held in Carabobo by the group on a farm property of Venezuelan opposition deputy Freddy Curupe, in which Saleh is mentioned.


Deportation and detention at La Tumba

On 4 September, Saleh notified several friends that there was a suspicious car circulating around his residence in
Bogotá Bogotá (, also , , ), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá (; ) during the Spanish Imperial period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital city, capital and largest city ...
. Hours later he was arrested in an operation that the Migration Office of Colombia justified in a decree that signals the deportation of foreigners when they represent a threat to national security or if they are requested by the authorities of other countries. The same day, he was handed over to SEBIN officials in San Cristóbal and the Migration Office of
San Antonio del Táchira San Antonio del Táchira is a city in the Venezuelan Andean state of Táchira. The busy highway across the Simón Bolívar International Bridge linking the cities of Cúcuta, Colombia, and San Cristóbal, Venezuela, passes through San Antonio ...
. Upon arriving in Venezuela, Saleh was accused of three other crimes for having falsified, while working for the Venezuelan immigration service, identity documents for Colombian citizens to participate in violent demonstrations in Venezuela. His family and his lawyer stated that Saleh has never worked for the immigration service or for any other Venezuelan government office. In several television interventions, pro-government leaders accused Saleh of having links with Colombian paramilitaries and former
Colombian President The president of Colombia (President of the Republic) is the head of state and head of government of Colombia. The president heads the executive branch of the national government and is the commander-in-chief of the Military Forces of Colomb ...
Álvaro Uribe Álvaro Uribe Vélez (born 4 July 1952) is a Colombian politician who served as the 31st President of Colombia from 7 August 2002 to 7 August 2010. Uribe started his political career in his home department of Antioquia Department, Antioquia. H ...
, and of planning coup and terrorist activities in Venezuela, but these accusations are not included in his court file. On 2 March 2015, the
Inter-American Commission on Human Rights The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (the IACHR or, in the three other official languages Spanish, French, and Portuguese language, Portuguese CIDH, ''Comisión Interamericana de los Derechos Humanos'', ''Commission Interaméricaine des ...
(IACHR) issued precautionary measures of protection in resolution 6/2015 in favor of Lorent Saleh and Gerardo Carrero in response to the request made on 8 July 2013 by
Tamara Sujú Tamara Sujú Roa is a Venezuelan criminal lawyer and human rights specialist. Sujú has played a predominant role in the fight for human rights in Venezuela, using her platforms to advocate for justice and spread awareness of the crimes committe ...
on behalf of the
Foro Penal Foro Penal () is a Venezuelan human rights organization that provides legal assistance ''pro bono'' to people subject of arbitrary detentions and their relatives. The organization is composed of regional coordinators for each state in Venezuela, ...
, in which he asked the agency to require the Venezuelan government to protect the life and personal integrity of Saleh and, later in the proceedings, also the protection of Carrero for the violation of his human rights. The IACHR document notes that Saleh and Guerrero "would be located in a basement (five floors below ground), known as
La Tumba La Tumba () is an underground detention facility of a tower in Caracas, Venezuela, that serves as the headquarters for the Bolivarian Intelligence Service (SEBIN). It was initially designed as offices for the Caracas Metro. History Design and ...
("The Tomb"), of the building that serves as the main headquarters of the SEBIN, where they are subjected to "prolonged isolation without contact with other people, in a confined space of 2 × 3 meters, with video cameras and microphones in each of their cells, without access to sunlight or outdoors," and the two prisoners have reported suffering from "nervous breakdowns, stomach problems, diarrhea, vomiting, spasms, joint pains, headaches, dermatitis, panic attacks, muscle disorders and temporary disorientation" without "presumably receiving adequate medical attention." The Commission considered that the students "are in a situation of seriousness and urgency, since their lives and personal integrity would be at risk", and in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the agency asked the Venezuelan government to adopt the measures necessary to preserve the life and personal integrity of detainees, in particular to provide adequate medical care in accordance with the conditions of their pathologies, and to ensure that their detention conditions are in accordance with international standards, taking into consideration their current health status. On 20 April 2015, Lorent tried to commit suicide in his cell, which was stopped by SEBIN officials. His lawyer denounced that by then he had not received a response from the
Public Ministry Public ministry may refer to: Christianity *Ministry of Jesus, Public ministry of Jesus *Minister (Christianity), Public ministers in Christian churches, such as pastors and priests. This term is used especially in State Churches or churches derived ...
about the request for psychiatric evaluations of Saleh and Gabriel Valles. In 2017, Saleh was one of eight Venezuelans awarded the
Sakharov Prize The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, commonly known as the Sakharov Prize, is an honorary award for individuals or groups who have dedicated their lives to the defence of human rights and freedom of thought. Named after Russian scienti ...
, along with other detainees considered
political prisoner A political prisoner is someone imprisoned for their political activity. The political offense is not always the official reason for the prisoner's detention. There is no internationally recognized legal definition of the concept, although ...
s by the
European Parliament The European Parliament (EP) is one of the two legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it ...
. In November, after the deferment of the preliminary hearing of Lorent 42 times, his relatives requested his immediate release to the Attorney General appointed by the Constituent National Assembly,
Tarek William Saab Tarek William Saab Halabi (, ; born 10 September 1962) is a Venezuelan politician, lawyer, and poet. He was a leader of the Fifth Republic Movement (MVR) party founded by Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela, who publicly called him "The poet o ...
, explaining that if a trial is not initiated two years after the arrest, the accused must be released immediately. By 4 September 2018, his hearing had been deferred 52 times.


Release and exile

On 12 October 2018, Saleh was released due to "suicidal behavior" and immediately forced to leave Venezuela. He was secretly transferred to
Simón Bolívar International Airport Simón Bolívar International Airport may refer to: * Simón Bolívar International Airport (Venezuela) in Maiquetía, Venezuela, near Caracas * Simón Bolívar International Airport (Colombia) in Santa Marta, Colombia * José Joaquín de Olmedo I ...
and arrived at
Madrid–Barajas Airport Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport is the main international airport serving Madrid, the capital city of Spain. At in area, it is the second-largest airport in Europe by physical size behind Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport. In 2019, 61.8 ...
on 13 October at 10:15 in the morning. On 22 January 2024, the Colombian justice system condemned the Colombian state for the irregular expulsion of Lorent Saleh in 2014, sentencing it to pay 195 million
pesos The peso is the monetary unit of several Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, as well as the Philippines. Originating in the Spanish Empire, the word translates to "weight". In most countries of the Americas, the symbol commonly known a ...
for the moral and material damages caused to Lorent Saleh and his mother.


See also

*
Political prisoners in Venezuela Throughout its history, many people have been arrested and imprisoned in Venezuela for political reasons, mainly during the dictatorship of Juan Vicente Gómez and that of Marcos Pérez Jiménez in the 20th century and during the Bolivarian Revolut ...
*
Torture in Venezuela Torture in Venezuela has been a consistent phenomenon throughout its history. Various dictatorships from the Spanish colonial era into the twentieth century utilized torture against common criminals and political opponents. In the twentieth cent ...
*
White torture White torture, often referred to as white room torture, is a type of psychological torture technique aimed at complete sensory deprivation and isolation. A prisoner is held in a cell that is devoid of any color besides white, this method of tort ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saleh, Lorent 1988 births Living people People from San Cristóbal, Táchira Political prisoners during the Bolivarian Revolution Venezuelan democracy activists Venezuelan human rights activists Venezuelan prisoners and detainees Venezuelan dissidents People extradited to Venezuela Venezuelan exiles People of the Crisis in Venezuela Venezuelan torture victims Movimiento Estudiantil (Venezuela) Universidad Alejandro de Humboldt alumni Venezuelan people of Palestinian descent People deported from Colombia Sakharov Prize laureates