''Lopha'' is a genus of
marine bivalve
Bivalvia () or bivalves, in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class (biology), class of aquatic animal, aquatic molluscs (marine and freshwater) that have laterally compressed soft bodies enclosed b ...
mollusc
Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...
s in the family of
Ostreidae
The Ostreidae, the true oysters, include most species of molluscs commonly consumed as oysters. Pearl oysters are not true oysters, and belong to the order Pteriida.
Like scallops, true oysters have a central adductor muscle, which means the s ...
.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the
Triassic
The Triassic ( ; sometimes symbolized 🝈) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.5 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.4 Mya. The Triassic is t ...
period in the Lower
Norian
The Norian is a division of the Triassic geological period, Period. It has the rank of an age (geology), age (geochronology) or stage (stratigraphy), stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227.3 to Mya (unit), million years ago. It was prec ...
age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lopha'' species have thick, strongly ribbed shells with unequal valves. The margins of the valves have a characteristic zig-zag pattern. The lower valve shows finger-like outgrowths, by which the molluscs adhere to the substrate. These molluscs are stationary,
epifaunal
Fauna (: faunae or faunas) is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. The corresponding terms for plants and fungi are ''flora'' and ''funga'', respectively. Flora, fauna, funga and other forms of life are collectively r ...
,
suspension feeders, as they feed by filtering sea water to extract the nutrients.
Species
* ''
Lopha affinis
''Lopha'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family of Ostreidae.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the Triassic period in the Lower Norian age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lopha'' species ha ...
''
Sowerby, 1871
* ''
Lopha capsa
''Lopha'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family of Ostreidae.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the Triassic period in the Lower Norian age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lopha'' species ha ...
''
Fischer von Waldheim, 1808
* ''
Lopha chemnitzii
''Lopha'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family of Ostreidae.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the Triassic period in the Lower Norian age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lopha'' species ha ...
''
Hanley, 1846
* ''
Lopha cristagalli
''Lopha cristagalli'', the cockscomb oyster, is a species of marine bivalve molluscs in the family Ostreidae
The Ostreidae, the true oysters, include most species of molluscs commonly consumed as oysters. Pearl oysters are not true oysters, ...
''
C. Linnaeus, 1758
* ''
Lopha frons
''Lopha'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family of Ostreidae.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the Triassic period in the Lower Norian age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lopha'' species ha ...
''
C. Linnaeus, 1758
* ''
Lopha imbricata
''Lopha'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family of Ostreidae.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the Triassic period in the Lower Norian age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lopha'' species ha ...
''
J. B. Lamarck, 1819
* ''
Lopha rosacea
''Lopha'' is a genus of marine (ocean), marine bivalve molluscs in the family of Ostreidae.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the Triassic period in the Lower Norian age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lop ...
''
G. P. Deshayes, 1836
Fossil species
*''
Lopha gregarea
''Lopha'' is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the family of Ostreidae.
The genus ''Lopha'' is present from the Triassic period in the Lower Norian age (216.5 ± 2.0 – 203.6 ± 1.5 Mya) to the recent age.
Description
''Lopha'' species ha ...
'',
Oxfordian (stage)
The Oxfordian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS' geologic timescale, the earliest age (geology), age of the Late Jurassic epoch (geology), Epoch, or the lowest stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Upper Jurassic series (str ...
(160 mya)
*''
Lopha marshii
''Lopha marshii'' is a fossil species of true oyster, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Ostreidae, the true oysters. This species was present in the Bajocian
In the geologic timescale, the Bajocian is an age and stage in the Middle Jur ...
'' (Sowerby, 1914),
Bajocian
In the geologic timescale, the Bajocian is an age and stage in the Middle Jurassic. It lasted from approximately 170.9 ±0.8 Ma to around 168.2 ±1.2 Ma (million years ago). The Bajocian Age succeeds the Aalenian Age and precedes the Bathonia ...
(170 mya)
Gallery
File:Lopha cristagalli.jpg, ''Lopha cristagalli''
File:Lopha colubrina.JPG, ''Lopha colubrina'' in Naturalis, Leiden
References
BiolibWoRMSPaleobiology Database
*Sepkoski, Jac
Sepkoski's Online Genus Database
Ostreidae
Bivalve genera
Extant Triassic first appearances
{{Ostreidae-stub