Lomavren ( ') is a nearly extinct
mixed language
A mixed language, also referred to as a hybrid language or fusion language, is a type of contact language that arises among a bilingual group combining aspects of two or more languages but not clearly deriving primarily from any single language. ...
spoken by the
Lom people
The Lom people (), also known by non-Loms as Bosha or Posha (; ; ka, ბოშა, tr; ) or as Armenian Romani (; ) or Caucasian Romani (), are an ethnic group originating from the Indian subcontinent.
Their Lomavren language is a mixed lang ...
, that arose from
language contact
Language contact occurs when speakers of two or more languages or varieties interact with and influence each other. The study of language contact is called contact linguistics. Language contact can occur at language borders, between adstratum ...
between a language related to
Romani and
Domari and the
Armenian language
Armenian (endonym: , , ) is an Indo-European languages, Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family. It is the native language of the Armenians, Armenian people and the official language of ...
. The language is also known as Bosa and Bosha.
Linguistic features
It lacks
grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages wit ...
and has seven
grammatical case
A grammatical case is a category of nouns and noun modifiers (determiners, adjectives, participles, and Numeral (linguistics), numerals) that corresponds to one or more potential grammatical functions for a Nominal group (functional grammar), n ...
s; its grammar is closely related to that of the
Erzurum dialect of Armenian, with the vocabulary being almost exclusively
Indic.
Numerals
A numeral is a figure (symbol), word, or group of figures (symbols) or words denoting a number. It may refer to:
* Numeral system used in mathematics
* Numeral (linguistics), a part of speech denoting numbers (e.g. ''one'' and ''first'' in English ...
in the
Romani,
Domari and
Lomavren languages, with
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural ...
,
Hindi
Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
,
Odia,
Bengali,
Persian and
Sinhala forms for comparison.
Also
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...
and
Latin
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...
included.
References
Para-Romani
Endangered Indo-European languages
Armenian languages
Languages of Armenia
Languages of Azerbaijan
Languages of Russia
Languages of Syria
Lom people
Mixed languages
{{Romani-stub