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Lillie Glacier () is a large
glacier A glacier (; or ) is a persistent body of dense ice, a form of rock, that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires ...
in Antarctica, about long and wide. It lies between the
Bowers Mountains Bowers Mountains () is a group of north–south trending mountains in Antarctica, about long and wide, bounded by the coast on the north and by the Rennick Glacier, Canham Glacier, Black Glacier and Lillie Glacier in other quadrants. They are we ...
on the west and the
Concord Mountains Concord Mountains is a group name applied to a complex system of ranges in northwest Victoria Land, Antarctica. They comprise the Everett Range, Mirabito Range, King Range, Leitch Massif, East Quartzite Range and West Quartzite Range. They ar ...
and
Anare Mountains The Anare Mountains () are a large group of mainly snow-covered peaks and ridges along the northern coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. The group is bounded on the north and east by the Pacific Ocean, on the west by Lillie Glacier, and on the sou ...
on the east, flowing to
Ob' Bay Ob' Bay () is a bay lying between Lunik Point and Cape Williams in Antarctica. Lillie Glacier Tongue occupies the east part of the bay. The bay was charted by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1958) and named after the expedition ship ''Ob''. ...
on the coast and forming the Lillie Glacier Tongue.


Discovery and naming

The glacier tongue was discovered by the
British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13 The ''Terra Nova'' Expedition, officially the British Antarctic Expedition, was an expedition to Antarctica which took place between 1910 and 1913. Led by Captain Robert Falcon Scott, the expedition had various scientific and geographical objec ...
, and was named by the expedition for Dennis G. Lillie, a biologist on the ''Terra Nova''. The name Lillie has since been extended to the entire glacier. The lower half of the glacier was plotted by the
Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE ) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD). History Australia has had a long involve ...
(ANARE) (''
Thala Dan MS ''Thala Dan'', built in Aalborg in 1957, was an ice-strengthened refrigerated cargo-passenger ship. Operated by Danish J. Lauritzen A/S from 1957 to 1982, she was jointly chartered by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions a ...
'') in 1962, which explored the area and utilized air photos taken by United States Navy
Operation Highjump Operation HIGHJUMP, officially titled The United States Navy Antarctic Developments Program, 1946–1947, (also called Task Force 68), was a United States Navy (USN) operation to establish the Antarctic research base Little America (exploration b ...
, 1946–47. The whole feature was mapped by the
United States Geological Survey The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The agency was founded on Mar ...
(USGS) from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960–62. On 22 October 1964 a United States Navy ski-equipped
LC-47 The Douglas C-47 Skytrain or Dakota (Royal Air Force, RAF designation) is a airlift, military transport aircraft developed from the civilian Douglas DC-3 airliner. It was used extensively by the Allies of World War II, Allies during World Wa ...
airplane flew from
Hallett Station Cape Hallett is a snow-free area (Antarctic oasis) on the northern tip of the Hallett Peninsula on the Ross Sea coast of Victoria Land, East Antarctica. Cape Adare lies to the north. History In 1956, during Operation Deep Freeze II, was dama ...
to establish a cache of fuel drums on Lillie Glacier for army helicopters to use when supporting a scientific party later in the season. After unloading the drums and taking off, the plane developed engine trouble and was forced to land on the glacier again. There were no serious injuries.


Course

The Lillie Glacier forms below the
Evans Névé Rennick Glacier () is a broad glacier, nearly long, which is one of the largest in Antarctica. It rises on the polar plateau westward of Mesa Range and is wide, narrowing to near the coast. It takes its name from Rennick Bay where the glacier r ...
, fed by the Lloyd Icefall to the east of the
East Quartzite Range } The East Quartzite Range () is a mountain range, long, forming a subordinate southwest unit of the King Range, in the Concord Mountains of Victoria Land, Antarctica. These mountains lie approximately east of the nearby West Quartzite Range. I ...
and southwest of the
Victory Mountains The Victory Mountains () are a major group of mountains in Victoria Land, Antarctica, about long and wide, which is bounded primarily by Mariner and Tucker glaciers and the Ross Sea. They are north of the Mountaineer Range, east of the Freyber ...
. It flows north through the
Concord Mountains Concord Mountains is a group name applied to a complex system of ranges in northwest Victoria Land, Antarctica. They comprise the Everett Range, Mirabito Range, King Range, Leitch Massif, East Quartzite Range and West Quartzite Range. They ar ...
between the King Range to the west and the
Mirabito Range The Mirabito Range () is a narrow, northwest-trending mountain range, long and wide that lies between the upper part of Lillie Glacier and the Greenwell Glacier in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The range is part of the Concord Mountains ...
to the east. To the north of
Toilers Mountain Toilers Mountain () is a massive peak (1,955 m) standing 4 nautical miles (7 km) northeast of Halverson Peak in the northwest end of the King Range, Concord Mountains. The peak was used as a gravity station by the northern party o ...
in the King Range it is joined by Black Glacier from the west, and then by McCann Glacier north of
Markinsenis Peak Mount Stirling () is a mountain, high, in the Bowers Mountains, Antarctica. It is located southwest of Mount Freed where it forms part of the east wall of Leap Year Glacier. It was named by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition ...
. The Black Glacier forms between the
Salamander Range Salamander Range () is a distinctive linear range between Canham Glacier and Black Glacier, in the Freyberg Mountains, Antarctica. The range was named by the Northern Party of New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1963– ...
and the
Neall Massif West Quartzite Range () is a range, the western of two parallel quartzite ranges, situated at the east side of Houliston Glacier in the Concord Mountains, Antarctica. It was named by the Northern Party of the New Zealand Federated Mountain Clubs ...
and flows north. Houliston Glacier joins Black Glacier from the east to the south of the Leitch Massif. Rawle Glacier joins it from the east to the north of the Leitch Massif. The Black Glacier is joined from the west by Leap Year Glacier before joining Lille Glacier. North of Mount Radspinner the Lillie Glacier is joined by Champness Glacier from the west, and then at the north end of the Mirabito Range by the Greenwell Glacier from the east. The Greenwell Glacier forms and flows northeast between the Mirabito Range to the west and the
Homerun Range The Homerun Range () is a northwest-trending range, long and wide, east of Everett Range at the heads of the Ebbe Glacier and Tucker Glacier in Victoria Land, Antarctica. Exploration and naming The name of the Homerun Range derives from "H ...
to the east. At its head it is joined to the Jutland Glacier and Plata Glacier. Just before entering the Lillie Glacier it is joined from the east by the Horne Glacier. The Lillie Glacier flow north between the Posey Range to the west and the
Everett Range The Everett Range () is a rugged, mainly ice-covered range nearly long between Greenwell Glacier and Ebbe Glacier in northwest Victoria Land, Antarctica. Discovery and naming The Everett Range was mapped by the United States Geological Survey ...
to the east. Past Everett Spur it is joined from the east by the Ebbe Glacier. The Ebbe Glacier forms to the east of the Homerun Range and flows northwest and then west between the Everett Range to the southwest and the Anare Mountains to the northeast. It is fed from the Anare Mountains by Robertson Glacier, which enters from the north. The Lillie Glacier is then joined from the east by the McLean Glacier, the Beaman Glacier and the George Glacier flowing from the
Anare Mountains The Anare Mountains () are a large group of mainly snow-covered peaks and ridges along the northern coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. The group is bounded on the north and east by the Pacific Ocean, on the west by Lillie Glacier, and on the sou ...
. The George Glacier flows into the
Lillie Glacier Tongue Ob' Bay () is a bay lying between Lunik Point and Cape Williams in Antarctica. Lillie Glacier Tongue occupies the east part of the bay. The bay was charted by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1958) and named after the expedition ship ''Ob''. ...
. Before reaching its mouth on the west the Lillie Glacier flows north west past the Flensing Icefall. This is fed by the Graveson Glacier from the north. The Graveson Glacier forms west of Mount Verhage and flows north between the Explorers Range and the Posey Range. It is joined by the Smithson Glacier from the east and the McLin Glacier, Irwin Glacier, Montigny Glacier and Van Loon Glacier from the west. The McLin and Irwin glaciers are both fed by the Edlin Névé. The Lillie Glacier is also fed by the Rastorguey Glacier and the Crawford Glacier from the west.


Right tributaries

Tributaries from the right (east) are, from south to north,


Lloyd Icefall

. A large icefall at the head of Lillie Glacier, draining from the polar plateau between the King Range and the
Millen Range The Millen Range () is a prominent northwest–southeast trending mountain range, located west of the Cartographers Range in the Victory Mountains of Antarctica. Peaks in the range include Inferno, Omega, Le Couteur, Head, Cirque, Gless, Turret, ...
. Named by the Northern Party of New Zealand Federated Mountain Clubs Antarctic Expedition (NZFMCAE), 1962-63, for R. Lloyd, field assistant with the Southern Party of that expedition.


Greenwell Glacier

. A major tributary glacier, long, draining northwest between
Mirabito Range The Mirabito Range () is a narrow, northwest-trending mountain range, long and wide that lies between the upper part of Lillie Glacier and the Greenwell Glacier in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The range is part of the Concord Mountains ...
and
Everett Range The Everett Range () is a rugged, mainly ice-covered range nearly long between Greenwell Glacier and Ebbe Glacier in northwest Victoria Land, Antarctica. Discovery and naming The Everett Range was mapped by the United States Geological Survey ...
to enter Lillie Glacier below
Mount Works The Everett Range () is a rugged, mainly ice-covered range nearly long between Greenwell Glacier and Ebbe Glacier in northwest Victoria Land, Antarctica. Discovery and naming The Everett Range was mapped by the United States Geological Survey ...
. Mapped by
United States Geological Survey The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The agency was founded on Mar ...
(USGS) from surveys and United States Navy aerial photography, 1960-63. Named by United States
Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names The Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (ACAN or US-ACAN) is an advisory committee of the United States Board on Geographic Names responsible for recommending commemorative names for features in Antarctica. History The committee was established ...
(US-ACAN) for Commander Martin D. Greenwell, United States Navy, Commander of Antarctic Squadron Six (VX-6), 1961-62.


Jutland Glacier

. A broad tributary glacier, long and wide, in the
Victory Mountains The Victory Mountains () are a major group of mountains in Victoria Land, Antarctica, about long and wide, which is bounded primarily by Mariner and Tucker glaciers and the Ross Sea. They are north of the Mountaineer Range, east of the Freyber ...
. It drains northwest from a common divide with
Midway Glacier Tucker Glacier () is a major valley glacier of Victoria Land, Antarctica, about long, flowing southeast between the Admiralty Mountains and the Victory Mountains to the Ross Sea. There is a snow saddle at the glacier's head, just west of Homerun ...
to join the flow of the Greenwell Glacier northwest of Boss Peak. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy aerial photographs, 1960-63. Named by the northern party of NZFMCAE which explored the area, 1962-63, to continue the sequence of features in the vicinity named after famous battles.


Plata Glacier

. A glacier in the Victory Mountains, flowing north between Mirabito Range and Monteath Hills into Jutland Glacier. One of several features in the Victory Mountains named after naval encounters, this glacier named after the naval battle of the Rio de la Plata, December 1939. Named by the
New Zealand Antarctic Place Names Committee New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) is an adjudicating committee established to authorize the naming of features in the Ross Dependency on the Antarctic continent. It is composed of the members of the New Zealand Geographic Board pl ...
(NZ-APC) on the suggestion of R.H. Findlay,
New Zealand Antarctic Research Programme The New Zealand Antarctic Research Programme (NZARP) was a research programme that operated a permanent research facility in Antarctica from 1959 to 1996. It was created by the Geophysics Division of New Zealand's Department of Scientific and Indu ...
(NZARP) geologist to this area, 1981-82.


Horne Glacier

. A valley glacier, long, draining southwest from the Everett Range between
Mount Works The Everett Range () is a rugged, mainly ice-covered range nearly long between Greenwell Glacier and Ebbe Glacier in northwest Victoria Land, Antarctica. Discovery and naming The Everett Range was mapped by the United States Geological Survey ...
and Mount Calvin and entering the lower part of Greenwell Glacier. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-62. Named by US-ACAN for Lieutenant Robert P. Horne, United States Navy Reserve, pilot of C-130 aircraft on photographic flights in Operation Deep Freeze 1968 and 1969.


Ebbe Glacier

. A tributary glacier about long, draining northwest from the
Homerun Range The Homerun Range () is a northwest-trending range, long and wide, east of Everett Range at the heads of the Ebbe Glacier and Tucker Glacier in Victoria Land, Antarctica. Exploration and naming The name of the Homerun Range derives from "H ...
and
Robinson Heights Robinson Heights in Antarctica () are the mainly ice-covered heights , elliptical in plan and long, which rise south of Anare Pass and form the northwest end of the Admiralty Mountains, Antarctica. Exploration and naming The Robinson Heights w ...
, and then WNW between Everett Range and Anare Mountains into Lillie Glacier. This feature saddles with
Tucker Glacier Tucker Glacier () is a major valley glacier of Victoria Land, Antarctica, about long, flowing southeast between the Admiralty Mountains and the Victory Mountains to the Ross Sea. There is a snow saddle at the glacier's head, just west of Homerun ...
, the latter draining southeast to the
Ross Sea The Ross Sea is a deep bay of the Southern Ocean in Antarctica, between Victoria Land and Marie Byrd Land and within the Ross Embayment, and is the southernmost sea on Earth. It derives its name from the British explorer James Clark Ross who ...
. Mapped by USGS from surveys and air photos by United States Navy Squadron VX-6, 1960-62. Named by US-ACAN for Commander Gordon K. Ebbe, commanding officer of Squadron VX-6 from June 1955 to June 1956.


Robertson Glacier

. Tributary glacier that flows south from Anare Mountains and enters Ebbe Glacier east of Springtail Bluff. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy aerial photography, 1960-63. Named by US-ACAN for John W. Robertson, photographer's mate with United States Navy Squadron VX-6 at McMurdo Station, 1967-68 and 1968-69.


McLean Glacier

. Tributary glacier located north of Mount Hemphill in the southwest part of Anare Mountains, draining west and entering the lower part of Ebbe Glacier just south of Beaman Glacier. Named by US-ACAN for Kenneth S. McLean, topographic engineer with the USGS Topo East-West party that surveyed this area in the 1962-63 season.


Beaman Glacier

. A tributary to Ebbe Glacier lying close north of McLean Glacier in the southwest part of Anare Mountains. Named by US-ACAN for First Lieutenant Charles W. Beaman, USA, helicopter pilot who flew missions in support of the USGS Topo West survey of this area in the 1962-63 season.


George Glacier

. A valley glacier in the west part of Anare Mountains. It rises east of Mount Burch and flows northwest past Mount Kelly to Lillie Glacier Tongue on the coast. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-65. Named by US-ACAN for Robert Y. George, zoologist at McMurdo Station, 1967-68.


Left tributaries

Tributaries from the left (west) are, from south to north,


Black Glacier

. A broad tributary to the Lillie Glacier flowing northeast, marking the southeast extent of the
Bowers Mountains Bowers Mountains () is a group of north–south trending mountains in Antarctica, about long and wide, bounded by the coast on the north and by the Rennick Glacier, Canham Glacier, Black Glacier and Lillie Glacier in other quadrants. They are we ...
. Mapped by USGS from ground surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-62. Named by US-ACAN for Robert F. Black, geologist, University of Wisconsin, project leader for Antarctic patterned ground studies, who carried out research in the McMurdo Sound region during several summer seasons in the 1960's.


Houliston Glacier

. A tributary glacier between
Neall Massif West Quartzite Range () is a range, the western of two parallel quartzite ranges, situated at the east side of Houliston Glacier in the Concord Mountains, Antarctica. It was named by the Northern Party of the New Zealand Federated Mountain Clubs ...
and
West Quartzite Range West Quartzite Range () is a range, the western of two parallel quartzite ranges, situated at the east side of Houliston Glacier in the Concord Mountains, Antarctica. It was named by the Northern Party of the New Zealand Federated Mountain Clubs ...
, flowing northwest into Black Glacier. Named by the
New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition The New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE) describes a series of scientific explorations of the continent Antarctica. The expeditions were notably active throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Features named by the expeditions 19 ...
(NZGSAE), 1967-68, for R. Houliston, electrician at Scott Base, 1967-68.


Rawle Glacier

. A tributary glacier in the
Concord Mountains Concord Mountains is a group name applied to a complex system of ranges in northwest Victoria Land, Antarctica. They comprise the Everett Range, Mirabito Range, King Range, Leitch Massif, East Quartzite Range and West Quartzite Range. They ar ...
, flowing northwest between Leitch Massif and King Range into the Black Glacier. Named by the northern party of NZGSAE, 1963-64, for Russell Rawle, leader at Scott Base, 1964.


Leap Year Glacier

. A tributary glacier between
Molar Massif Molar Massif () is a large mountain massif immediately east of the Lanterman Range in the Bowers Mountains of Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from ground surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960–196 ...
and
Mount Stirling Mount Stirling is a mountain in the Victorian Alps of the Great Dividing Range, located in the Hume region of Victoria, Australia. The mountain has an elevation of above sea level. Mount Stirling is entirely located within the Mount Stirl ...
in the Bowers Mountains, draining southeast into Black Glacier. So named by the northern party of NZGSAE, 1963-64, as party members arrived here in the new year of 1964 after climbing out of the Sledgers Glacier.


McCann Glacier

. A tributary glacier which drains the east slopes of Mount Stirling in the Bowers Mountains and flows east between Mount Radspinner and
Markinsenis Peak Mount Stirling () is a mountain, high, in the Bowers Mountains, Antarctica. It is located southwest of Mount Freed where it forms part of the east wall of Leap Year Glacier. It was named by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition ...
into the Lillie Glacier. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Chief Utilitiesman J.M. McCann, United States Navy. McCann was a member of the McMurdo Station winter party in 1962 and took part in summer support activities, 1963-65.


Champness Glacier

. A tributary glacier, long, draining northeast from the vicinity of Ian Peak in the Bowers Mountains and entering Lillie Glacier at Griffith Ridge. Named by the NZGSAE to northern Victoria Land, 1967-68, for G.R. Champness, field assistant with that party.


Flensing Icefall

. A large icefall at the east side of the Bowers Mountains, situated south of Platypus Ridge at the junction of the Graveson Glacier and the Rastorguev Glacier with the Lillie Glacier. So named by the northern party of NZGSAE, 1963-64, because the icefall's longitudinal system of parallel crevassing resembles the carcass of a whale when being flensed.


McLin Glacier

. A tributary glacier which flows north of McKenzie Nunatak into Graveson Glacier, in the Bowers Mountains. The glacier saddles with Carryer Glacier on the west and is nourished in part by Edlin Névé. Named by the NZGSAE to this area, 1967-68, for Lieutenant Commander Robert D. McLin, United States Navy, pilot of Hercules LC-130 aircraft in Antarctica that season.


McKenzie Nunatak

. A very prominent nunatak which rises above the ice between McLin Glacier and Graveson Glacier, in the Bowers Mountains. Mapped by USGS from ground surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1960-62. Named by US-ACAN for Carry D. McKenzie, glaciologist, who participated in the study of Meserve Glacier in 1966-67.


Graveson Glacier

. A broad north-flowing tributary to the Lillie Glacier, draining that portion of the Bowers Mountains between the Posey Range and the southern part of Explorers Range. The feature is fed by several lesser tributaries and enters Lillie Glacier via Flensing Icefalls. Named by the northern party of NZGSAE, 1963-64, for F. Graveson, mining engineer, who wintered at Scott Base in 1963 and was field assistant on this expedition.


Smithson Glacier

. A tributary glacier in the Bowers Mountains. It drains the slopes near Mount Verhage and flows north along the west side of Posey Range to enter Graveson Glacier adjacent to Mount Draeger. Mapped by USGS from ground surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-62. Named by US-ACAN for Scott B. Smithson, geologist at McMurdo Station, 1967-68.


Irwin Glacier

. A steep tributary glacier in the Bowers Mountains, draining northeast from Edlin Névé and at the terminus coalescing with Montigny Glacier (from the north), with which it enters the larger Graveson Glacier. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Carlisle S. Irwin, glaciologist, who participated in the study of Meserve Glacier in 1966-67.


Montigny Glacier

. A steep tributary glacier in the Bowers Mountains, flowing eastward and at the terminus coalescing with Irwin Glacier (from the south), with which it enters the larger Graveson Glacier. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Raymond J. Montigny, glaciologist, who participated in the study of Meserve Glacier in 1966-67.


Van Loon Glacier

. A tributary glacier, long, draining the eastern slopes of the Bowers Mountains between Rasturguev Glacier and Montigny Glacier. It merges into the larger Graveson Glacier at the east margin of the mountains. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy aerial photography, 1960-62. Named by US-ACAN for meteorologist Harry van Loon, a member of the Antarctic Weather Central team at Little America on the Ross Ice Shelf 1957-58, who has written numerous scientific papers dealing with Antarctic and southern hemisphere atmospheric research.


Edlin Névé

. A
névé Névé is a young, granular type of snow which has been partially melted, refrozen and compacted, yet precedes the form of ice. This type of snow can contribute to glacier formation through the process of ''nivation''. Névé that survives a ...
at the south side of Mount Sturm in the Bowers Mountains. Several glaciers, including the Carryer Glacier, Irwin Glacier, McLin Glacier and Graveson Glacier, are nourished by this névé. Named by NZGSAE, 1967-68, for G. Edlin, who served as postmaster at Scott Base and assisted in the field during this expedition.


Rastorguey Glacier

. Large tributary glacier which drains the east slopes of the Explorers Range between Mount Ford and Mount Sturm and joins Lillie Glacier via Flensing Icefall. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-62. Named by US-ACAN after Vladimir I. Rastorguev, Soviet IGY observer, a Weather Central meteorologist at Little America V in 1957.


Crawford Glacier

. A tributary glacier which drains the east slopes of Explorers Range between Mount Hager and Mount Ford. It descends east to join Lillie Glacier south of Platypus Ridge. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-65. Named by US-ACAN after Douglas I. Crawford, biologist at McMurdo Station, 1965-66.


References


Sources

* * * * * * {{Include-USGov , agency=United States Geological Survey Glaciers of Pennell Coast