Donald Sidney Appleyard (July 26, 1928 – September 23, 1982) was an English-American urban designer and theorist, teaching at the

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California), is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Berkeley, California, United States. Founded in 1868 and named after t ...

.Project for Public Spaces: Donald Appleyard
retrieved 29 September 2011 Born in England, Appleyard studied first architecture, and later

urban planning Urban planning (also called city planning in some contexts) is the process of developing and designing land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportatio ...

at the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a Private university, private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1861, MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of moder ...

. After graduation, he taught at MIT for six years, and later at the

. He worked on neighbourhood design in Berkeley and

Athens Athens ( ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Greece, largest city of Greece. A significant coastal urban area in the Mediterranean, Athens is also the capital of the Attica (region), Attica region and is the southe ...

and citywide planning in

San Francisco San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...

and

Ciudad Guayana Ciudad Guayana () (English: Guayana City) is a city in Bolívar State (Venezuela), Bolívar State, Venezuela. It stretches 40 kilometers along the south bank of the Orinoco, Orinoco river, at the point where it is joined by its main tributary ...

. Appleyard gave lectures at over forty universities and acted in a professional capacity in architecture and planning firms in the

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and the

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. He died in Athens as a consequence of a traffic collision. His 1981 book ''Livable Streets'' was described at the time by Grady Clay, the editor of the ''Landscape Architecture magazine'', as "the most thorough and detailed work on urban streets to date". It contained a comparison of three streets of similar

morphology Morphology, from the Greek and meaning "study of shape", may refer to: Disciplines *Morphology (archaeology), study of the shapes or forms of artifacts *Morphology (astronomy), study of the shape of astronomical objects such as nebulae, galaxies, ...

in San Francisco, which had different levels of car traffic: one with 2,000 vehicles per day, the others with 8,000 respectively 16,000 vehicles per day. His research showed that residents of the street with low car traffic volume had twice as many acquaintances as the people living on the street with high car traffic. Appleyard is co-author with Allan Jacobs of the paper ''"Toward an Urban Design Manifesto"''. In 2009, he was named number 57 of Planetizen's Top 100 Thinkers of all time.

Publications

* ''The View from the Road'', Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1964. * ''Planning a Pluralistic City'', Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1967. * ''The Conservation of European Cities'', Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1979. * ''Livable Streets'', University of California Press, Berkeley, 1981 * ''Toward an Urban Design Manifesto'', Allan Jacobs and Donald Appleyard. Working Paper published 1982; republished with a prologue in the Journal of the American Planning Association, 1987.

References

External links

Diagram of social interaction relative to car traffic
from ''Livable streets'', 1981
Exposure of Appleyards findingsFinding Aid to the Donald Appleyard Papers, 1954-1982, bulk 1966-1982
The Bancroft Library {{DEFAULTSORT:Appleyard, Donald Urban theorists MIT School of Architecture and Planning alumni 1928 births 1982 deaths Urban designers UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design faculty Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty Academics from London Road incident deaths in Greece Sustainable transport pioneers

Publications

References

Further reading

External links