This is a list including all rulers who had carried the title of
emperor
The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...
or who ruled over an
empire
An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outpost (military), outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a hegemony, dominant center and subordinate peripheries". The center of the ...
through history. Some titles meaning "emperor" might not have been used in the context like "padishah" under the
Kingdom of Afghanistan
The Kingdom of Afghanistan (; ) was a monarchy in Southern Central Asia that was established in 1926 as a successor state to the Emirate of Afghanistan. It was proclaimed by its first king, Amanullah Khan, seven years after he acceded to the ...
or "tsar" under
Kingdom of Bulgaria
The Tsardom of Bulgaria (), also known as the Third Bulgarian Tsardom (), usually known in English as the Kingdom of Bulgaria, or simply Bulgaria, was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe, which was established on , when the Bulgaria ...
.
Emperors of traditional empires
Asia
Europe
Americas
Africa
Emperors of short-lived monarchies
*
Emperor Jacques of the
Empire of Haiti (1804–1806)
*
Emperor Augustine of the
First Mexican Empire
The Mexican Empire (, ) was a constitutional monarchy and the first independent government of Mexico. It was also the only former viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire to establish a monarchy after gaining independence. The empire existed from 18 ...
(1822–1823)
*
Emperor Faustin of the
Empire of Haiti (1849–1859)
*
Emperor Maximilian of the
Second Mexican Empire (1864–1867)
*
Emperor Sunjong and
Gojong of the
Korean Empire
The Korean Empire, officially the Empire of Korea or Imperial Korea, was a Korean monarchical state proclaimed in October 1897 by King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty. The empire lasted until the Japanese annexation of Korea in August 1910.
Dur ...
(1897–1910)
*The
Hongxian Emperor of the
Empire of China (1915–1916)
*The
Datong Emperor of the
Empire of Manchuria (1934–1945)
*Emperor
Victor Emmanuel III
Victor Emmanuel III (; 11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947) was King of Italy from 29 July 1900 until his abdication on 9 May 1946. A member of the House of Savoy, he also reigned as Emperor of Ethiopia from 1936 to 1941 and King of the Albani ...
of
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...
(1936–1941)
*
Emperor Bảo Đại of the
Empire of Vietnam
The Empire of Vietnam (; Literary Chinese and Japanese language, Contemporary Japanese: ; Japanese language, Modern Japanese: ) was a short-lived Japanese puppet state, puppet state of Empire of Japan, Imperial Japan between March 11 and Abdicat ...
(1945)
*
Emperor Bokassa of the
Central African Empire (1976–1979)
Self-proclaimed "emperors"
:''See also
Self-proclaimed monarchy and
micronation
A micronation is a polity, political entity whose representatives claim that they belong to an independent nation or sovereign state, but which lacks legal recognition by any sovereign state. Micronations are classified separately from list o ...
''
*
Yi Ching-ok, "Emperor of the Geum dynasty" (1453)
*
Jovan Nenad, "Emperor of Serbs" (1526–1527)
*
Andrés Novales, “Emperor of the Philippines” (1823)
*
Joshua Abraham Norton, “Emperor of the United States of America” (1859-1880)
Fictional emperors
*''
Fictional emperors and empresses''
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Emperors