List Of Schedule 1 Substances (CWC)
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Schedule 1 substances, in the sense of the
Chemical Weapons Convention The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), officially the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, is an arms control treaty administered by the Organisation for ...
, are chemicals which are feasible either to be used directly as chemical weapons or in the manufacture of chemical weapons, and which have very limited to no use outside of chemical warfare. These may be produced or used for research, medical, pharmaceutical or chemical weapon defence testing (called "protective testing" in the treaty) purposes but production above 100 grams per year must be declared to the OPCW in accordance with Part VI of the "Verification Annex". A country is limited to possessing a maximum of one tonne of these materials. Schedule 1 is divided into Part A substances, which are chemicals that can be used directly as weapons, and Part B which are precursors useful in the manufacture of chemical weapons. Examples are
mustard Mustard may refer to: Food and plants * Mustard (condiment), a paste or sauce made from mustard seeds used as a condiment * Mustard plant, one of several plants, having seeds that are used for the condiment ** Mustard seed, small, round seeds of ...
and
nerve A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers (called axons). Nerves have historically been considered the basic units of the peripheral nervous system. A nerve provides a common pathway for the Electrochemistry, electrochemical nerv ...
agents, and substances which are solely used as precursor chemicals in their manufacture. A few of these chemicals have very small-scale non-military applications; for example, minute quantities of
nitrogen mustard Nitrogen mustards (NMs) are cytotoxic organic compounds with the bis(2-chloroethyl)amino ((ClC2H4)2NR) functional group. Although originally produced as chemical warfare agents, they were the first chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of canc ...
are used to treat certain
cancer Cancer is a group of diseases involving Cell growth#Disorders, abnormal cell growth with the potential to Invasion (cancer), invade or Metastasis, spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Po ...
s. The Schedule 1 list is one of three lists. Chemicals which are feasible to use as weapons, and their precursors, but which have legitimate applications as well are listed in Schedule 2 (small-scale applications) and Schedule 3 (large-scale applications). The use of Schedule 1, 2, or 3 chemicals as weapons is banned by the Convention.


Guidelines for Schedule 1

The following criteria shall be taken into account in considering whether a toxic chemical or precursor should be included in Schedule 1: *It has been developed, produced, stockpiled or used as a chemical weapon as defined in Article II; *It poses otherwise a high risk to the object and purpose of this Convention by virtue of its high potential for use in activities prohibited under this Convention because one or more of the following conditions are met: **It possesses a chemical structure closely related to that of other toxic chemicals listed in Schedule 1, and has, or can be expected to have, comparable properties; **It possesses such lethal or incapacitating toxicity as well as other properties that would enable it to be used as a chemical weapon; **It may be used as a precursor in the final single technological stage of production of a toxic chemical listed in Schedule 1, regardless of whether this stage takes place in facilities, in munitions or elsewhere; *It has little or no use for purposes not prohibited under this Convention.


Toxic chemicals

*O-Alkyl (10, incl. cycloalkyl) alkyl (Me, Et, n-Pr or i-Pr)-phosphonofluoridates, ''e.g.'' :: Sarin: O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate :: Soman: O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate *O-Alkyl (10, incl. cycloalkyl) N,N-dialkyl (Me, Et, n-Pr or i-Pr) phosphoramidocyanidates, ''e.g.'' :: Tabun: O-Ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate *O-Alkyl (H or 10, incl. cycloalkyl) S-2-dialkyl (Me, Et, n-Pr or i-Pr)-aminoethyl alkyl (Me, Et, n-Pr or i-Pr) phosphonothiolates and corresponding alkylated or protonated salts, ''e.g.'' :: VX: O-Ethyl S-2-diisopropylaminoethyl methylphosphonothiolate * Sulfur mustards: ::2-Chloroethylchloromethylsulfide ::
Mustard gas Mustard gas or sulfur mustard are names commonly used for the organosulfur compound, organosulfur chemical compound bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, which has the chemical structure S(CH2CH2Cl)2, as well as other Chemical species, species. In the wi ...
: Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide ::Bis(2-chloroethylthio)methane ::Sesquimustard: 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)ethane ::1,3-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)-n-propane ::1,4-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)-n-butane ::1,5-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)-n-pentane ::Bis(2-chloroethylthiomethyl)ether :: O-Mustard: Bis(2-chloroethylthioethyl)ether *Lewisites: :: Lewisite 1: 2-Chlorovinyldichloroarsine ::Lewisite 2: Bis(2-chlorovinyl)chloroarsine ::Lewisite 3: Tris(2-chlorovinyl)arsine *
Nitrogen mustard Nitrogen mustards (NMs) are cytotoxic organic compounds with the bis(2-chloroethyl)amino ((ClC2H4)2NR) functional group. Although originally produced as chemical warfare agents, they were the first chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of canc ...
s: ::HN1: Bis(2-chloroethyl)ethylamine ::HN2: Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine ::HN3: Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine *
Saxitoxin Saxitoxin (STX) is a potent neurotoxin and the best-known paralytic shellfish toxin. Ingestion of saxitoxin by humans, usually by consumption of shellfish contaminated by toxic algal blooms, is responsible for the illness known as paralytic she ...
*
Ricin Ricin ( ) is a lectin (a carbohydrate-binding protein) and a highly potent toxin produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant, ''Ricinus communis''. The median lethal dose (LD50) of ricin for mice is around 22 micrograms per kilogram of body ...
* Novichok agents: Р-alkyl (H or ≤C10, incl. cycloalkyl) N-(1-(dialkyl(≤C10, incl. cycloalkyl)amino))alkylidene(H or ≤C10, incl. cycloalkyl) phosphonamidic fluorides and corresponding alkylated or protonated salts ::e.g. N-(1-(di-n-decylamino)-n-decylidene)-P-decylphosphonamidic fluoride ::Methyl-(1-(diethylamino)ethylidene)phosphonamidofluoridate, also known as A-230 * Novichok agents: O-alkyl (H or ≤C10, incl. cycloalkyl) N-(1-(dialkyl(≤C10, incl. cycloalkyl)amino))alkylidene(H or ≤C10, incl. cycloalkyl) phosphoramidofluoridates and corresponding alkylated or protonated salts, e.g. ::O-n-Decyl N-(1-(di-n-decylamino)-n-decylidene)phosphoramidofluoridate ::Methyl (1-(diethylamino)ethylidene)phosphoramidofluoridate, also known as A-232 :: Ethyl (1-(diethylamino)ethylidene)phosphoramidofluoridate, also known as A-234. * Novichok agents: Methyl-(bis(diethylamino)methylene)phosphonamidofluoridate * Carbamates (quaternaries and bisquaternaries of dimethylcarbamoyloxypyridines) Quaternaries of dimethylcarbamoyloxypyridines: ::1- ,N-dialkyl(≤C10)-N-(n-(hydroxyl, cyano, acetoxy)alkyl(≤C10)) ammonion- -(3-dimethylcarbamoxy-α-picolinyl)-N,N-dialkyl(≤C10) ammonioecane dibromide (n=1-8) ::e.g. 1- ,N-dimethyl-N-(2-hydroxy)ethylammonio10- -(3-dimethylcarbamoxy-αpicolinyl)-N,N-dimethylammonioecane dibromide * Bisquaternaries of dimethylcarbamoyloxypyridines: 1,n-Bis -(3-dimethylcarbamoxy-α-picolyl)-N,N-dialkyl(≤C10) ammonioalkane-(2,(n-1)-dione) dibromide (n=2-12) ::e.g. 1,10-Bis -(3-dimethylcarbamoxy-α-picolyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylammonioecane-2,9-dione dibromide


Precursors

*Alkyl (Me, Et, n-Pr or i-Pr) phosphonyldifluorides, ''e.g.'' :: DF: Methylphosphonyl difluoride *O-Alkyl (H or 10, incl. cycloalkyl) O-2-dialkyl (Me, Et, n-Pr or i-Pr)-aminoethyl alkyl (Me, Et, n-Pr or i-Pr) phosphonites and corresponding alkylated or protonated salts, ''e.g.'' :: QL: O-Ethyl O-2-diisopropylaminoethyl methylphosphonite * Chlorosarin: O-Isopropyl methylphosphonochloridate * Chlorosoman: O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonochloridate


See also

* Schedule 2 * Schedule 3


References


External links


Chemical Weapons Convention. Annex on Chemicals. A. Guidelines for Schedules of Chemicals
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Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW; French: ''Organisation pour l'interdiction des armes chimiques'', OIAC) is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), ...

Chemical Weapons Convention. Annex on Chemicals. B. Schedules of Chemicals. Schedule 1pdf
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Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW; French: ''Organisation pour l'interdiction des armes chimiques'', OIAC) is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chemical Weapons Convention Chemical weapons demilitarization Lists of weapons Schedule 1 substances (CWC)