List of rulers of Hungary

This is a list of Hungarian monarchs; it includes the grand princes (895–1000) and the kings and ruling queens of Hungary (1000–1918).

The Hungarian Grand Principality was established around 895, following the 9th-century Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. The Kingdom of Hungary existed from 1000–1001 with the coronation of King Saint Stephen. The Árpád dynasty, the male-line descendants of Grand Prince Árpád, ruled Hungary continuously from 895 to 1301. Christianity was adopted as the state religion for the Kingdom of Hungary by King Saint Stephen and the kings of the Árpád dynasty used the title of the apostolic king. The descendants of the dynasty gave the world the highest number of saints and blesseds from one family. Therefore, since the 13th century the dynasty has often been referred to as the "Kindred of the Holy Kings". The Árpád dynasty ruled the Carpathian Basin for four hundred years, influencing almost all of Europe through its extensive dynastic connections. The paternal lineage of the Árpád dynasty came to end in 1301 with the death of King Andrew III of Hungary, and all of the subsequent kings of Hungary (with the exception of King Matthias Corvinus) were cognatic descendants of the Árpád dynasty. In 1918, after World War I, King Charles IV "renounced participation" in state affairs, but did not abdicate. The Kingdom of Hungary existed as a country from 1920 to 1946, and officially represented the Hungarian monarchy, but in reality there was no king.

Chieftains before the Conquest (–895)

Grand Princes of Hungary (895–1000)

House of Árpád

''The king-list for the first half of the 10th century is often disputed, as the Hungarian nation consisted of several tribes led by various leaders. The most frequently proposed list is:''

Kings of Hungary (1000–1918)

House of Árpád (1000–1301)

House of Přemyslid (1301–1305)

House of Wittelsbach (1305–1307)

House of Anjou (1308–1395)

House of Luxembourg (1387–1437)

House of Habsburg (1437–1457)

House of Jagiellon (1440–1444)

House of Hunyadi (1458–1490)

House of Jagiellon (1490–1526)

King Louis II of Hungary died at Battle of Mohács in 1526. After the death of the Hungarian king, both the Hungarian noble Zápolya family and the Austrian Habsburg family claimed the whole kingdom. King John I from the Zápolya family ruled the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom, and King Ferdinand I from the Habsburg family ruled the western part of Kingdom of Hungary.

File:Eastern-hungarian-kingdom1550.JPG, The western Royal Hungary ruled by King Ferdinand I and the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom ruled by King John I at the end of 1526. The Ottomans captured Buda in 1541 and the central areas of the kingdom came under the authority of the Ottoman Empire, therefore Hungary was divided into three parts.

House of Zápolya (1526–1540)

House of Habsburg (1526–1564)

House of Zápolya (1540–1570)

The Habsburgs tried several times to unite all Hungary under their rule, but the Ottoman Empire prevented that by supporting the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom. King John I died in 1540, the Habsburg forces besieged Buda the Hungarian capital in 1541, Sultan Suleiman led a relief force and defeated the Habsburgs, the Ottomans captured the city by a trick during the Siege of Buda and the south central and central areas of the kingdom came under the authority of the Ottoman Empire, therefore Hungary was divided into three parts''.'' The north-western rim of the Hungarian kingdom remained unconquered and recognised members of the House of Habsburg as Kings of Hungary, giving it the name " Royal Hungary". The Eastern Hungarian Kingdom is the predecessor of the Principality of Transylvania, which was established by the Treaty of Speyer in 1570 and the Eastern Hungarian King became the first Prince of Transylvania. The Principality of Transylvania was a semi-independent state, and a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire, it continued to be part of the Kingdom of Hungary in the sense of public law, John Sigismund's possessions belonged to the Holy Crown of Hungary, and was a symbol of the survival of Hungarian statehood.

House of Habsburg (1564–1637)

House of Bethlen (1620–1621)

House of Habsburg (1637–1780)

House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1780–1918)

Timeline

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from: 1920 till: 1945 color: horthy text: Horthy

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at:1000 shift:(70,180) color:black text: 1000 Coronation of King Stephen I
at:1526 shift:(45,190) color:black text: 1526 Battle of Mohács
at:1570 shift:(45,180) color:black text:1570 Treaty of Speyer
at:1718 shift:(45,190) color:black text: 1718 Treaty of Passarowitz
at:1867 shift:(25,200) color:black text: 1867 Ausgleich
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Family tree

See also

* Family tree of Hungarian monarchs
* List of Hungarian royal consorts
* List of princes of Transylvania
* List of palatines of Hungary
* List of regent-governors of Hungary
* List of heads of state of Hungary
* List of prime ministers of Hungary

References

Allan Ellenius, Wim Blockmans, European Science Foundation; ''The Origins of the Modern State in Europe: 13th to 18th Centuries'', Oxford University Press, 1998

Bálint Hóman, Gyula Szekfű, Gyula Szekfu; ''Magyar történet''; Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1938Štefan Holčík; ''Korunovačné slávnosti, Bratislava 1563–1830'', Tatran, 1986Jenő Vértesy; ''Kölcsey Ferencz'', Nyomatott a Magyar királyi Egyetemi könyvnyomdában, 1885Slovenská akadémia vied; ''Historický časopis'', Vydatelʹstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, 1985

External links

{{Hungary articles

List
Monarchs
Hungary, Rulers