List Of Plasmodium Species Infecting Reptiles
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Over 90 species and subspecies of ''
Plasmodium ''Plasmodium'' is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects. The life cycles of ''Plasmodium'' species involve development in a Hematophagy, blood-feeding insect host (biology), host which then inj ...
'' infect lizards. They have been reported from over 3200 species of lizard but only 29 species of snake. Three species - ''P. pessoai'', ''P. tomodoni'' and ''P. wenyoni'' - infect snakes. These species belong to the subgenera ''
Asiamoeba ''Asiamoeba'' is a subgenus of the genus ''Plasmodium'' - all of which are parasitic unicellular eukaryotes. The subgenus was created by Telford in 1988. Species in this subgenus infect lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata ...
'', '' Carinamoeba'', '' Fallisia'', '' Garnia'', ''
Lacertamoeba ''Lacertamoeba'' is a subgenus of the genus ''Plasmodium'' — all of which are parasites. All species in this subgenus infect reptile Reptiles, as commonly defined, are a group of tetrapods with an ectothermic metabolism and Amniotic egg, a ...
'', '' Ophidiella'', '' Paraplasmodium'' and '' Sauramoeba''.Schall J.J. (2000) Transmission success of the malaria parasite ''Plasmodium mexicanum'' into its vector: role of gametocyte density and sex ratio. Parasitol. 121 (6):575-580 Additional species continue to be described.Perkins S.L., Austin C. (2008) Four new species of Plasmodium from New Guinea lizards: Integrating morphology and molecules. J. Parasitol.


Host records

*''P. agamae'' - the rainbow
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Agama agama The common agama, red-headed rock agama or rainbow agama (''Agama agama'') is a species of lizard from the family Agamidae found in most of sub-Saharan Africa. To clear up centuries of historical confusion based on Linnaeus and other authors, Wagn ...
'') *''P. attenuatum'' - ''
Ameiva ameiva ''Ameiva ameiva'', also known as the giant ameiva, green ameiva, South American ground lizard, or Amazon racerunner, is a species of lizard in the family Teiidae found in Central America, South America, and some Caribbean Islands. Geographic ran ...
'' *''P. arachniformis'' -
chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for ...
s *''P. aurulentum'' - neotropical
forest A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense ecological community, community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, ...
gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica. Belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, geckos are found in warm climates. They range from . Geckos are unique among lizards ...
('' Thecadactylus rapicaudus'') *''P. azurophilum'' - anole
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s (''
Anolis gingivinus ''Anolis gingivinus'', also known as the Anguilla Bank tree anole, Anguilla bank anole, and Anguilla anole, is a species of anole lizard that is endemic to the Caribbean Lesser Antilles islands of Anguilla and its satellites, such as Saint Martin ...
'', ''
Anolis gundlachi ''Anolis gundlachi'', also commonly known as the yellow-chinned anole, Gundlach's anole, and the yellow-beard anole, is an oviparous, sexually dimorphic species of lizard in the family Dactyloidae. The species is endemic to Puerto Rico and lives ...
'', '' Anolis sabanus'') *''P. bailli'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s (''
Anolis limifrons ''Anolis limifrons'', also known Common name, commonly as the slender anole or the border anole, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Dactyloidae. The species is native to Central America. It grows to around 12 cm (TL). Geograp ...
'', '' Anolis lionotus'' and '' Anolis poecilopus'') *''P. basilisci'' - the striped basilisk (''
Basiliscus vittatus The brown basilisk (''Basiliscus vittatus''), also commonly referred to as the striped basilisk or in some areas as the common basilisk, is a species of basilisk lizard in the family Corytophanidae. The species is native to Mexico, Central Ame ...
'') *''P. beebei'' - the
gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica. Belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, geckos are found in warm climates. They range from . Geckos are unique among lizards ...
('' Gonatodes taniae'') *''P. brygooi'' - short-horned
chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for ...
(''
Chamaeleo brevicornis ''Chamaeleo'' is a genus of chameleons in the family Chamaeleonidae. Most species of the genus ''Chamaeleo'' are found in sub-Saharan Africa, but a few species are also present in northern Africa, southern Europe, and southern Asia east to Indi ...
'') *''P. chiricahuae'' - fence
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Sceloporus jarrovi'') *''P. circularis'' -
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
n
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
('' Egernia stokesii'') *''P. cnemaspi'' - African gecko ('' Cnemaspis africana'') *''P. cnemidophori'' - ''
Ameiva ameiva ''Ameiva ameiva'', also known as the giant ameiva, green ameiva, South American ground lizard, or Amazon racerunner, is a species of lizard in the family Teiidae found in Central America, South America, and some Caribbean Islands. Geographic ran ...
'' *''P. colombiense'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Anolis auratus ''Anolis auratus'', the grass anole, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Dactyloidae. The species is found in Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, and Brazil."''Anolis auratus'' ". The Reptile Databas ...
'') *''P. diploglossi'' - Anguid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Diploglossus fasciatus ''Diploglossus fasciatus'', the banded galliwasp, is a species of lizard of the Diploglossidae family. It is found in Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered i ...
'') *''P. draconis'' - the flying
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Draco volans ''Draco volans'', also Common name, commonly known as the common flying dragon, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Agamidae. www.reptile-database.org. The species is Endemism, endemic to Southeast Asia. Like other members of ...
'') *''P. egerniae'' - the land mullet ('' Egernia major'') *''P. fairchildi'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Anolis cupreus'') *''P. floridense'' - anole
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s (''
Anolis biporcatus ''Anolis biporcatus'', also known as the neotropical green anole or giant green anole, is a species of Dactyloidae, anole. It is found in forests, both Secondary forest, disturbed and Old-growth forest, undisturbed, in Mexico, Central America, Co ...
'', ''
Anolis carolinensis ''Anolis carolinensis'' or green anole () (among other names below) is a tree-dwelling species of anole lizard native to the southeastern United States and introduced to islands in the Pacific Ocean, Pacific and Caribbean Sea, Caribbean. A small ...
'', '' Anolis frenatus'', ''
Anolis gingivinus ''Anolis gingivinus'', also known as the Anguilla Bank tree anole, Anguilla bank anole, and Anguilla anole, is a species of anole lizard that is endemic to the Caribbean Lesser Antilles islands of Anguilla and its satellites, such as Saint Martin ...
'', ''
Anolis gundlachi ''Anolis gundlachi'', also commonly known as the yellow-chinned anole, Gundlach's anole, and the yellow-beard anole, is an oviparous, sexually dimorphic species of lizard in the family Dactyloidae. The species is endemic to Puerto Rico and lives ...
'', ''
Anolis limifrons ''Anolis limifrons'', also known Common name, commonly as the slender anole or the border anole, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Dactyloidae. The species is native to Central America. It grows to around 12 cm (TL). Geograp ...
'', '' Anolis pentaprion'', '' Anolis sabanus'' and ''
Anolis sagrei The brown anole (''Anolis sagrei''), also known commonly as the Cuban brown anole, Bahaman anole, or De la Sagra's anole, is a species of lizard in the family Dactyloidae. The species is native to Cuba, the Bahamas, Little Cayman, Cayman Brac, J ...
'') *''P. giganteum'' - the rainbow
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Agama agama The common agama, red-headed rock agama or rainbow agama (''Agama agama'') is a species of lizard from the family Agamidae found in most of sub-Saharan Africa. To clear up centuries of historical confusion based on Linnaeus and other authors, Wagn ...
''), the
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
n tropical lizard ('' Agama cyanogaster'')Southgate B.A. (1970) ''Plasmodium (Sauramoeba) giganteum'' in ''Agama cyanogaster'': a new host record. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 64(1):12-13 *''P. gologoense'' -
chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for ...
s *''P. gracilis'' -
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
(''
Tribolonotus gracilis ''Tribolonotus gracilis'', commonly known as the red-eyed crocodile skink or New Guinea crocodile skink, is a species of skink that is endemic to New Guinea, where it lives in tropical rainforest habitats. It was first described by Nelly de Ro ...
'') *''P. guyannense'' - the iguanid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Plica plica'') *''P. heischi'' -
skinks Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family Scincidae, a family in the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of liz ...
('' Mabuya striata'')Garnham P.C., Telford S.R. Jr. (1984) A new malaria parasite ''Plasmodium (Sauramoeba) heischi'' in skinks (''Mabuya striata'') from Nairobi, with a brief discussion of the distribution of malaria parasites in the family ''Scincidae''. J Protozool. 31(4):518-521. *''P. hispaniolae'' - ''
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
'' lizards *''P. holaspi'' - African flying
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Holaspis guentheri ''Holaspis guentheri'', also commonly known as the neon blue-tailed tree lizard, the sawtail lizard, and the western neon blue-tailed tree lizard www.reptile-database.org. is a species of lizard in the family Lacertidae. The species is native t ...
'') *''P. iguanae'' - '' Iguana iguana iguana'' *''P. kentropyxi'' - teiid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Kentropyx calcarata ''Kentropyx calcarata'', commonly known as the striped forest whiptail, is a species of lizard endemic to South America.''Kentropyx calcarata'at the Reptile Database. Behavior ''Kentropyx calcarata'' commonly participate in communal nesting. ...
'') *''P. lacertiliae'' - crocodile
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
(''
Tribolonotus ''Tribolonotus'' is a genus of lizards, commonly known as crocodile skinks. Geographic range Species in the genus ''Tribolonotus'' are found in New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands (archipelago), Solomon Islands. Specie ...
'' species) *''P. lainsoni'' - the
gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica. Belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, geckos are found in warm climates. They range from . Geckos are unique among lizards ...
('' Phyllodactylus ventralis'') *''P. lepidoptiformis'' - teiid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Kentropyx calcarata ''Kentropyx calcarata'', commonly known as the striped forest whiptail, is a species of lizard endemic to South America.''Kentropyx calcarata'at the Reptile Database. Behavior ''Kentropyx calcarata'' commonly participate in communal nesting. ...
'') *''P. lionatum'' - the flying gecko ('' Ptychozoon lionatum'') *''P. loveridgei'' - African gecko ('' Lygodactylus picturatus'') *''P. lygosomae'' -
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
('' Lygosoma moco'') *''P. mabuiae'' -
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
n
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
('' Mabuya quinquetaeiata'') *''P. mackerrasae'' -
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
n
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
s (''
Egernia cunninghami Cunningham's spiny-tailed skink (''Egernia cunninghami''), also known commonly as Cunningham's skink, is a species of large skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is native to southeastern Australia. Etymology Both the specific n ...
'', '' Egernia stokesii'' and '' Egernia striolata'') *''P. maculilabre'' -
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
n
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
(''
Mabuya ''Mabuya'' is a genus of long-tailed skinks, lizards in the family Scincidae. The genus is restricted to species from various Caribbean islands. Out of 26 recognized species, six species are only found in Caribbean islands. Species in the genus ...
'' species) *''P. marginatum'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Anolis frenatus'') *''P. mexicanum'' - fence
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s (''
Sceloporus occidentalis The western fence lizard (''Sceloporus occidentalis'') is a species of lizard native to Arizona, New Mexico, and California, as well as Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Northern Mexico. The species is widely found in its native rang ...
'') *''P. michikoa'' -
chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for ...
s *''P. minasense'' -
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
n
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
(''
Mabuya agilis ''Mabuya'' is a genus of long-tailed skinks, lizards in the family Scincidae. The genus is restricted to species from various Caribbean islands. Out of 26 recognized species, six species are only found in Caribbean islands. Species in the genus ...
'') *''P. minasense anolisi'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s ('' Anolis cybotes'', '' Anolis distichus'', '' Anolis frenatus'' and ''
Anolis limifrons ''Anolis limifrons'', also known Common name, commonly as the slender anole or the border anole, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Dactyloidae. The species is native to Central America. It grows to around 12 cm (TL). Geograp ...
'') *''P. minasense calcaratae'' - teiid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Kentropyx calcarata ''Kentropyx calcarata'', commonly known as the striped forest whiptail, is a species of lizard endemic to South America.''Kentropyx calcarata'at the Reptile Database. Behavior ''Kentropyx calcarata'' commonly participate in communal nesting. ...
'') *''P. minasense capitoi'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Anolis capito'') *''P. minasense carinii'' - iguanid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Iguana iguana The green iguana (''Iguana iguana''), also known as the American iguana or the common green iguana, is a large, arboreal, mostly herbivorous species of lizard of the genus ''Iguana''. Usually, this animal is simply called the iguana. The green ...
'') *''P. minasense diminutivum'' - dwarf tegu
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Ameiva ameiva ''Ameiva ameiva'', also known as the giant ameiva, green ameiva, South American ground lizard, or Amazon racerunner, is a species of lizard in the family Teiidae found in Central America, South America, and some Caribbean Islands. Geographic ran ...
'') *''P. minasense minasense'' -
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
n
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
('' Mabuya mabouya'') *''P. minasense plicae'' - olive tree runner
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Plica umbra'') *''P. minasense tegui'' - blue tengu
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Tupinambis teguixin The gold tegu, also known as the golden tegu, common tegu, black tegu, Colombian black and white tegu and tiger lizard (in Trinidad), is a species of tegu. Taxonomy Its old scientific name (synonym) was ''Tupinambis nigropunctatus'', but it has ...
'') *''P. pelaezi'' - the iguanid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Urosaurus bicarinatus bicarinatus'') *''P. pessoai'' - snakes (''
Spilotes pullatus ''Spilotes pullatus'', commonly known as the chicken snake, tropical chicken snake, or yellow rat snake, is a species of large nonvenomous Colubridae, colubrid snake Endemism, endemic to the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. Taxonomy Subspecies ...
'' and ''
Lachesis muta ''Lachesis muta'', also known as the Southern American bushmaster or Atlantic bushmaster, is a pit viper species found in South America, as well as the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean. Two subspecies are currently recognized, including the no ...
'') *''P. pifanoi'' - the green ameiva lizard (''
Ameiva ameiva ''Ameiva ameiva'', also known as the giant ameiva, green ameiva, South American ground lizard, or Amazon racerunner, is a species of lizard in the family Teiidae found in Central America, South America, and some Caribbean Islands. Geographic ran ...
'') and a teiid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Kentropyx calcarata ''Kentropyx calcarata'', commonly known as the striped forest whiptail, is a species of lizard endemic to South America.''Kentropyx calcarata'at the Reptile Database. Behavior ''Kentropyx calcarata'' commonly participate in communal nesting. ...
'') *''P. pitmani'' -
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
n
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
(''
Mabuya ''Mabuya'' is a genus of long-tailed skinks, lizards in the family Scincidae. The genus is restricted to species from various Caribbean islands. Out of 26 recognized species, six species are only found in Caribbean islands. Species in the genus ...
'' species) *''P. rhadinurum'' - Iguana iguana iguana *''P. robinsoni'' - the
Parson A parson is an ordained Christian person responsible for a small area, typically a parish. The term was formerly often used for some Anglican clergy and, more rarely, for ordained ministers in some other churches. It is no longer a formal term d ...
's
Chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for ...
('' Chamaelo parsoni crucifer'') *''P. sasai'' -
Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
ese lacertids (''
Takydromus tachydromoides ''Takydromus tachydromoides'', the Japanese grass lizard, is a wall lizard species of the genus ''Takydromus''. It is found in Japan. Its Japanese name is 'kanahebi' (カナヘビ). 'Hebi' means 'snake' in Japanese language, Japanese, although th ...
'' and ''
Takydromus smaragdinus ''Takydromus smaragdinus'', the green grass lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Lacertidae. Geographic range It is endemic to the Ryukyu Islands in southern Japan, including the Tokara Islands Takarajima and Kodakarajima, the Amami Is ...
'') *''P. saurocaudatum'' - the many-lined sun skink ('' Mabuya multifasciata'') *''P. scorzai'' - the
gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarctica. Belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, geckos are found in warm climates. They range from . Geckos are unique among lizards ...
'' Phyllodactylus ventralis'' *''P. siamense'' -
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s.Telford S.R. (1986) ''Fallisia'' parasites (''Haemosporidia: Plasmodiidae'') from the flying lizard, ''Draco maculatus'' (''Agamidae'') in Thailand. J. Parasitol. 72(5):766-769 *''P. tanzaniae'' -
chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for ...
s *''P. tomodoni'' -
snake Snakes are elongated limbless reptiles of the suborder Serpentes (). Cladistically squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales much like other members of the group. Many species of snakes have s ...
s *''P. torrealbai'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s *''P. tribolonoti'' -
skink Skinks are a type of lizard belonging to the family (biology), family Scincidae, a family in the Taxonomic rank, infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one o ...
s (''
Tribolonotus gracilis ''Tribolonotus gracilis'', commonly known as the red-eyed crocodile skink or New Guinea crocodile skink, is a species of skink that is endemic to New Guinea, where it lives in tropical rainforest habitats. It was first described by Nelly de Ro ...
'') *''P. tropiduri'' - iguanid
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Tropidurus torquatus ''Tropidurus torquatus'' is a species of lizard in the family Tropiduridae, the Neotropical ground lizards. Its common name is Amazon lava lizard. The species is endemic to South America. There are no subspecies. Etymology The specific name, ''t ...
''),
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizards (''
Anolis biporcatus ''Anolis biporcatus'', also known as the neotropical green anole or giant green anole, is a species of Dactyloidae, anole. It is found in forests, both Secondary forest, disturbed and Old-growth forest, undisturbed, in Mexico, Central America, Co ...
'', '' Anolis cybotes'', '' Anolis frenatus'', ''
Anolis limifrons ''Anolis limifrons'', also known Common name, commonly as the slender anole or the border anole, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Dactyloidae. The species is native to Central America. It grows to around 12 cm (TL). Geograp ...
'', '' Anolis lionotus'', '' Anolis pentaprion'' and '' Anolis poecilopus''), teiid lizard (''
Kentropyx calcarata ''Kentropyx calcarata'', commonly known as the striped forest whiptail, is a species of lizard endemic to South America.''Kentropyx calcarata'at the Reptile Database. Behavior ''Kentropyx calcarata'' commonly participate in communal nesting. ...
'') *''P. tropiduri aquaticum'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
s ('' Anolis lionotus'' and '' Anolis poecilopus'') *''P. tropiduri panamense'' -
Anolis ''Anolis'' is a genus of anoles (), iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although many of these have been proposed to b ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Anolis biporcatus ''Anolis biporcatus'', also known as the neotropical green anole or giant green anole, is a species of Dactyloidae, anole. It is found in forests, both Secondary forest, disturbed and Old-growth forest, undisturbed, in Mexico, Central America, Co ...
'') *''P. tropiduri tropiduri'' - '' Tropidurus hispidus'' *''P. robinsoni'' - the red-headed rock agama
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Agama agama The common agama, red-headed rock agama or rainbow agama (''Agama agama'') is a species of lizard from the family Agamidae found in most of sub-Saharan Africa. To clear up centuries of historical confusion based on Linnaeus and other authors, Wagn ...
'') *''P. uluguruense'' - African gecko (''
Hemidactylus platycephalus ''Hemidactylus platycephalus'', also known as the tree gecko, flathead leaf-toed gecko, or Baobab gecko, is a species of gecko Geckos are small, mostly carnivorous lizards that have a wide distribution, found on every continent except Antarc ...
'') *''P. uzungwiense'' -
chameleon Chameleons or chamaeleons (Family (biology), family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015. The members of this Family (biology), family are best known for ...
s *''P. vacuolatum'' - the
rainforest Rainforests are forests characterized by a closed and continuous tree Canopy (biology), canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforests can be generally classified as tropi ...
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
('' Plica umbra'') *''P. vastator'' - the flying
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Draco volans ''Draco volans'', also Common name, commonly known as the common flying dragon, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Agamidae. www.reptile-database.org. The species is Endemism, endemic to Southeast Asia. Like other members of ...
'') *''P. volans'' - the flying
lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...
(''
Draco volans ''Draco volans'', also Common name, commonly known as the common flying dragon, is a species of lizard in the Family (biology), family Agamidae. www.reptile-database.org. The species is Endemism, endemic to Southeast Asia. Like other members of ...
'') *''P. wenyoni'' -
snake Snakes are elongated limbless reptiles of the suborder Serpentes (). Cladistically squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales much like other members of the group. Many species of snakes have s ...
s


Subspecies

*''P. fairchildi'' - ''P. fairchildi fairchildi'' and ''P. fairchildi hispaniolae'' *''P. lygosomae'' - ''P. lygosomae nucleoversans'' and ''P. lygosomae nucleoversans'' *''P. minasense'' - ''P. minasense anolisi'', ''P. minasense capitoi'', ''P. minasense carinii'', *''P. minasense diminutivum'', ''P. minasense minasense'', ''P. minasense plicae'', and ''P. minasense tegui''.Telford S.R. Jr. (1979) A taxonomic revision of small neotropical saurian Malarias allied to ''Plasmodium minasense''. Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp. 54(4):409-422 An additional subspecies ''P. minasense calcaratae'' has also been described.Telford S.R. Jr., Telford S.R. 3rd. (2003) Rediscovery and redescription of ''Plasmodium pifanoi'' and description of two additional ''Plasmodium'' parasites of Venezuelan lizards. J. Parasitol. 89(2):362-368 *''P. traguli'' - ''P. traguli traguli'' and ''P. traguli memmina''. *''P. tropiduri'' - ''P. tropiduri aquaticum'', ''P. tropiduri panamense'' and ''P. tropiduri tropiduri''.Telford S.R. Jr. (1979) A taxonomic reconsideration of some ''Plasmodium'' species from iguanid lizards. Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp. 54(2):129-144


Vectors

Compared with those known for the species infecting humans, few vectors are known for these species. *''P. agamae'' - ''
Lutzomyia ''Lutzomyia'' is a genus of Phlebotominae, phlebotomine Sandfly, sand flies consisting of nearly 400 species, at least 33 of which have medical importance as Vector (epidemiology), vectors of human disease. Species of the genus ''Lutzomyia'' are ...
'' or ''
Culicoides ''Culicoides'' is a genus of biting midges in the family Ceratopogonidae. There are over 1000 species in the genus,Connelly, C. RBiting midges: ''Culicoides'' spp.Featured Creatures, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida IF ...
'' species
Culex ''Culex'' or typical mosquitoes are a genus of mosquitoes, several species of which serve as vectors of one or more important diseases of birds, humans, and other animals. The diseases they vector include arbovirus infections such as West Nil ...
: *''
Culex fatigans ''Culex quinquefasciatus'' (originally named ''Culex fatigans''), commonly known as the southern house mosquito, is a medium-sized mosquito found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is a Vector (epidemiology), vector of ''Wuchere ...
'' - ''P. rhadinurum''
Aedes ''Aedes'' (also known as the tiger mosquito) is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica. Some species have been spread by human activity: ''Aedes albopictus'', ...
: *''
Aedes aegypti ''Aedes aegypti'' ( or from Greek 'hateful' and from Latin, meaning 'of Egypt'), sometimes called the Egyptian mosquito, dengue mosquito or yellow fever mosquito, is a mosquito that spreads diseases like dengue fever, yellow fever, malar ...
'' - ''P. rhadinurum''


Interrelatedness

*''P. floridense'' is closely related to ''P. tropiduri'' and ''P. minasense''


References

{{Reflist List of Plasmodium species infecting reptiles