The

Jurchens Jurchen (, ; , ) is a term used to collectively describe a number of East Asian people, East Asian Tungusic languages, Tungusic-speaking people. They lived in northeastern China, also known as Manchuria, before the 18th century. The Jurchens wer ...

were a Tungusic people who inhabited the region of

Manchuria Manchuria is a historical region in northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day northeast China and parts of the modern-day Russian Far East south of the Uda (Khabarovsk Krai), Uda River and the Tukuringra-Dzhagdy Ranges. The exact ...

(present-day Northeast China) until the 17th century, when they adopted the name ''

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from wh ...

''.

List of Jurchen chieftains during the Liao dynasty (926–1115)

"Tamed" Jurchens or Shu Jurchen (熟女眞)

"Wild" Jurchens or Sheng Jurchen (生女眞)

* Wanyan Hanpu 完顏函普 (金始祖) (941–960) * Wanyan Wulu 完顏烏魯 (金德帝) (960–962) * Wanyan Bahai 完顏跋海 (金安帝) (962–983). * Wanyan Suike 完顏綏可 (金獻祖) (983–1005): In 1003, under his leadership the Wanyan tribe united five tribes in a federation called the "Five Nations" (wuguobu 五國部: Punuli (蒲努里/蒲奴里/蒲聶), Tieli 鐵驪, Yuelidu (越裡篤國), Aolimi (奧里米國), and Puali 剖阿里國). * Wanyan Shilu 完顏石魯 (金昭祖) (1005–1021) * Wanyan Wugunai 完顏烏古迺 (金景祖) (1021–1074): Meanwhile, King

Hyung The Korean terms hyeong, pumse, poomsae and teul (meaning "form" or "pattern") are all used to refer to martial arts forms that are typically used in Korean martial arts such as Taekwondo and Tang Soo Do. * Hyeong (형) is often romanized as '' ...

ordered to continue and finish the work of building a wall (

Cheolli Jangseong The Cheolli Jangseong or Great Wall of Korea may refer to either of two massive fortifications built between medieval Korea and the Chinese to the west and other tribes to the north. The first is a 7th-century network of military garrisons built b ...

) from Song-ryung Pass (in the mouth of the Yalu River ner

Uiju Ŭiju is a kun, or county, in North Pyongan Province, North Korea. The county has an area of 420 km2, and a population of 110,018 (2008 data). Name Ŭiju appears as Uiju in South Korea's Revised Romanization and as Yizhou in Chinese source ...

in the west to the borders of the Jurchen tribe in the north-east around Hamheung) *

Wanyan Helibo Helibo, alternatively rendered as Horimbo (1039–1092),Tao (1976), p.17 was a chieftain of the Wanyan tribe, the most dominant among the Jurchen people, Jurchen tribes which later founded the Jin dynasty (1115–1234). He was the second son of W ...

(完颜劾里钵) Shizu (金世祖) (1074–1092) * Wanyan Pochishu 完顏頗剌淑 (金肅宗) (1092–1094) *

Wanyan Yingge The Wanyan (; Manchu: ''Wanggiyan''; Jurchen script: ), alternatively rendered as Wanggiya, was a clan of the Heishui Mohe tribe living in the drainage region of the Heilong River during the time of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty. Of the Heish ...

(完颜盈歌) Muzong (金穆宗) (1094–1103) * Wanyan Wuyashu (完顏烏雅束/完颜乌雅束) Kangzong (金康宗) b. 1061 (1103–1113) *

Wanyan Aguda Emperor Taizu of Jin (August 1, 1068 – September 19, 1123), personal name Aguda, Sinicization, sinicised name Min (), was the founder and first Emperor of China, emperor of the Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115–1234), Jin dynasty ...

(完颜阿骨打) Taizu (金太祖) b. 1068 (1113–1123)

The Jin dynasty (1115–1234)

List of Jurchen chieftains during the Yuan dynasty (1234–1368)

List of Jurchen chieftains during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644)

List of
Jianzhou Jurchens The Jianzhou Jurchens () were one of the three major groups of Jurchens as identified by the Ming dynasty. Although the geographic location of the Jianzhou Jurchens changed throughout history, during the 14th century they were located south of ...
chieftains

Located on the banks of Hun River(渾江)

Odoli Clan (1405–1616) (俄朵里 or 斡都里 or 斡朵里 or 吾都里 or 斡朵怜)

Bukūri Yongšon Bukūri Yongšon (; ? – ?) was a legendary ancestor of the future emperors of the Qing dynasty. Legend Bukūri Yongšon was claimed the progenitor of the Aisin Gioro clan by Hong Taiji, which would be the imperial family of China in the futur ...

(布库里雍顺) * Mengtemu (孟特穆) or Möngke Temür (童孟哥帖木兒) (1405–1433) (Temple name: Zhàozǔ 肇祖) * Cungšan (充善) b. 1419 (1433–1467) (Temple name: Chúndì 纯帝) * Fanca († 1458) * Tolo (妥罗) (1467–1481) (Temple name: Xīngdì 兴帝) *

Sibeoci Fiyanggū Sibeoci Fiyanggū (;?Manchu Veritable Records Vol.1 died 1522), also called Shi Baoqi (石报奇), was Chieftain of the Jianzhou Jurchens. He held the position of Jianzhou Left Guard (建州左衛) from 1481 to 1522. After the Qing dynasty was es ...

(锡宝齐篇古) (1481–1522) (Temple name: Zhèngdì 正帝) *

Fuman Fuman (; ; died 1542) was Chieftain of the Jianzhou Jurchens and an ancestor of the future Qing dynasty emperors. His father was Sibeoci Fiyanggū. His family name was Aisin Gioro (愛新覺羅). History Fuman was the great-grandfather of Nur ...

(福满) (1522–1542) (Temple name: Xingzu 兴祖)

Huligai Clan (胡里改) (1403–? )

* Ahacu (阿哈出) (Li Sicheng) (李思誠) († 1409–1410) * Šigiyanu 釋加奴 (Li-Hsien-chung/Li Xianzhong) (李顯忠) * Li-Man-chu (Li Manzhu (李滿住) (b. 1407 – † 1467)

The Maolian (毛憐) Jurchens (1405–?)

Synonyms: Wu-liang-ha, Orankha, Oranke (兀良哈/乙良哈) according to Korean records, Orangai (瓦爾哈;オランカイ) according to Japanese records.
Location: They settled south of the

Suifen River The Razdolnaya (, formerly: Суйфун ''Suyfun'') or Suifen () is a river in People's Republic of China and Russia. It flows into the Amur Bay of the Sea of Japan. The name ''Suifen'' is the Manchu word ''(suifun)'' for awl, referring to th ...

(绥芬河 or 速平江), on the north-west of Hui-ning under the leadership of one of Ahacu (阿哈出)'s sons.

Udige Clan (兀狄哈)

* They invaded Joseon territory in 1402, in 1410, in 1436 (see 곽승우(郭承祐) and 조연(趙涓)), in 1460 with the Oranke (see also 신숙주(申叔舟)) * They were beaten by the Korean General Heo Jong 허종(許琮) (1434–1494) in 1491, under

Seongjong of Joseon Seongjong (; 28 August 1457 – 29 January 1495), personal name Yi Hyeol (), was the ninth monarch of the Joseon, Joseon dynasty of Korea. Before succeeding his sickly uncle, Yejong of Joseon, King Yejong, he was known as Grand Prince Jalsan ( ...

's reign (see also 조산보(造山堡) and 나사종(羅嗣宗))

Suksuhu River / Suksuhu bira (蘇克素護 or 苏克苏护毕拉) Clan:
Aisin Gioro The House of Aisin-Gioro is a Manchu clan that ruled the Later Jin dynasty (1616–1636), the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), and Manchukuo (1932–1945) in the history of China. Under the Ming dynasty, members of the Aisin Gioro clan served as chie ...

* Wang Gao (王杲) († 1575) * Atai ( 阿台) (1575–1583) & 阿海 & 阿弟 * Nikan Wailan ( 尼堪外兰) († 1586) *

Giocangga Giocangga (Manchu: ; ; 1526–1583) was the son of Fuman and the paternal grandfather of Nurhaci, the man who unified the Jurchen peoples and founded the Later Jin dynasty of China. Both he and his son Taksi attacked Atai's fort, which was b ...

(觉昌安) (1542–1571) (Temple name: Jǐngzǔ 景祖) *

Taksi Taksi (Manchu: ; ; 1543–1583) or posthumously titled as Emperor Xuan was a Jurchen chieftain and father of Nurhaci, founder of the Later Jin dynasty, and the fourth son of Giocangga. A member of the House of Aisin-Gioro, he was killed in ...

(塔克世) (1571–1583) (Temple name: Xiǎnzǔ 显祖) *

Nurhaci Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty. As the leader of the House of Aisin-Gi ...

(努尔哈赤) (Temple name: 太祖)

Hunehe Bira (唿呐呵毕拉 or 渾河部)

Wanggiya (汪佳)

Donggo (董鄂)

Jecen aiman (哲陳部)

Neyen (訥殷)

Jušeri (珠舍哩 or 图色哩)

List of
Haixi Jurchens The Haixi Jurchens () were a grouping of the Jurchens as identified by the Chinese of the Ming dynasty. They inhabited an area that consists of parts of modern-day Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia in China. Etymology Haixi () Ju ...
chieftains

Located near the banks of

Songhua River The Songhua or Sunghwa River (also Haixi or Xingal, ''Sungari'') is one of the primary rivers of China, and the longest tributary of the Amur. It flows about from Changbai Mountains on the China–North Korea border through China's northe ...

Hulun confederation (扈伦)

* Kesina 克什纳

Yehe or Yehe Nara (葉赫 / 叶赫) Clan

Location: banks of Yehe River south of

Changchun Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin, Jilin Province, China, on the Songliao Plain. Changchun is administered as a , comprising seven districts, one county and three county-level cities. At the 2020 census of China, Changchun ha ...

* Singgen Darhan 星垦达尔汉/星根達爾漢 * Sirke Minggatu 席尔克明噶图/席爾克明噶圖 * Cirgani 齐尔噶尼/齊爾噶尼 * Cukungge 祝孔格/褚孔格 * Taicu 太杵 * Yangginu ( 楊吉砮) & Cinggiyanu ( 淸佳砮) († 1584) * Narimbulu (纳林布录) (1584–1613) 庚寅 *

Jintaiji Gintaisi (Manchu: ; died September 29, 1619), known as Jintaishi () or Jintaiji () in Chinese, was a Jurchen beile (chieftain) of the Yehe tribal confederation. He was the younger brother of Narimbulu, and became one of the two beile of the Ye ...

( 金台石) (1613–1619) (己巳)

Hata/Hada Clan (哈達 / 哈达) (1543–1601)

Location: south of the Yehe Clan (east of Kaiyuan), the southernmost among the Haixi Jurchens. * Wangji Wailan ( 旺济外兰(王忠)) * Wang Tai ( 萬汗/王台) 1548–1582 * Hurhan 扈尔罕 1582 * Menggebulu 孟格布录 1582–1599 * Ulhūda 武尔古岱 1599–1601

Ula (烏拉/乌拉) Clan (1405–1616)

Location: Hulan River (north of

Harbin Harbin, ; zh, , s=哈尔滨, t=哈爾濱, p=Hā'ěrbīn; IPA: . is the capital of Heilongjiang, China. It is the largest city of Heilongjiang, as well as being the city with the second-largest urban area, urban population (after Shenyang, Lia ...

) * Buyan 布顔 * Bugan 布干 * Mantai ( 满泰) (?–1596), the father of

Lady Abahai Empress Xiaoliewu (1590 – 1 October 1626), of the Manchu Plain White Banner Ula Nara clan, personal name Abahai, was a consort of Nurhaci. She was 31 years his junior. Abahai was erroneously identified with Hong Taiji, Nurhaci's eighth son ...

(阿巴亥) *

Bujantai Bujantai (Manchu language, Manchu: ; ) (1575 – 1618) was a Jurchen people, Jurchen ''beile'' (chieftain) of the Nara (clan), Ula tribal confederation. Life Bujantai was descended from Nacibulu (納奇卜祿), the ancestor of the Nara lineage ...

(布占泰) (1596–1618), the younger brother of Mantai

Hoifa Clan (輝發 / 辉发) (?–1607)

* Wangginu 汪加奴(王机砮) * Baindari 摆银答里 († 1607)

List of Yeren Jurchens (野人) chieftains

Other important chieftains

References

THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF CHINA The Qing Empire To 1800

History of Manchuria Qing dynasty

Lists of Chinese monarchs History-related lists {{DEFAULTSORT:Chieftains of the Jurchens