Engineering
Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to Problem solving#Engineering, solve problems within technology, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve Systems engineering, s ...
is the discipline and profession that applies
scientific theories, mathematical methods, and
empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions, balancing technical requirements with concerns or constraints on safety, human factors, physical limits, regulations, practicality, and cost, and often at an industrial scale. In the
contemporary era, engineering is generally considered to consist of the major primary branches of
biomedical engineering,
chemical engineering,
civil engineering
Civil engineering is a regulation and licensure in engineering, professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads ...
,
electrical engineering
Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems that use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...
,
materials engineering and
mechanical engineering. There are numerous other engineering sub-disciplines and interdisciplinary subjects that may or may not be grouped with these major engineering branches.
Biomedical engineering
Biomedical engineering is the application of engineering principles and design concepts to medicine and biology for healthcare applications (e.g., diagnostic or therapeutic purposes).
Chemical engineering
Chemical engineering is the application of chemical, physical, and biological sciences to developing technological solutions from raw materials or chemicals.
Civil engineering
Civil engineering
Civil engineering is a regulation and licensure in engineering, professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads ...
comprises the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and natural built environments.
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems that use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...
comprises the study and application of
electricity
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwel ...
,
electronics
Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other Electric charge, electrically charged particles. It is a subfield ...
and
electromagnetism
In physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge via electromagnetic fields. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It is the dominant force in the interacti ...
.
Material engineering
Materials engineering is the application of
material science and engineering principles to understand the properties of materials. Material science emerged in the mid-20th century, grouping together fields which had previously been considered unrelated. Materials engineering is thus much more interdisciplinary than the other major engineering branches.
Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering comprises the design and analysis of heat and mechanical power for the operation of machines and mechanical systems.
[Clifford, Michael. An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering. Taylor & Francis Group LLC, 2006. ]
Interdisciplinary
See also
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Outline of engineering
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History of engineering
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Glossary of engineering: A–L
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Glossary of engineering: M–Z
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:Engineering disciplines
* Engineering techniques:
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Computer-aided engineering
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Model-driven engineering
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Concurrent engineering
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Engineering analysis
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Engineering design process (engineering method)
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Engineering mathematics
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Engineering notation
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Engineering optimization
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Engineering statistics
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Front-end engineering
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Knowledge engineering
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Life-cycle engineering
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Redundancy (engineering)
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Reverse engineering
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Sustainable engineering
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Traditional engineering
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Value engineering
* Non-technical fields:
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Cost engineering
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Demographic engineering
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Engineering management
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Financial engineering
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Market engineering
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Memetic engineering
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Political engineering
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Sales engineering
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Social engineering (political science)
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Social engineering (security)
In the context of information security, social engineering is the use of psychological influence of people into performing actions or divulging Confidentiality, confidential information. This differs from psychological manipulation in that it doe ...
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Tariff engineering
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Exploratory engineering – the design and analysis of hypothetical models of systems not feasible with current technologies
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Astronomical engineering
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Megascale engineering
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Planetary engineering
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Stellar engineering
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Engineering studies – the study of engineers
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Engineering economics
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Engineering ethics
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Engineering law
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Engineering psychology
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Philosophy of engineering
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Engineering fields (list)
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Branches