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This list includes notable command-line interpreters programs that interactively interpret commands entered by the user at the command-line.


Operating system shells

Most
operating system An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common daemon (computing), services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems scheduler (computing), schedule tasks for ...
s are accessible via a
shell Shell may refer to: Architecture and design * Shell (structure), a thin structure ** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses Science Biology * Seashell, a hard outer layer of a marine ani ...
a command line interpreter. In some cases multiple shells are available. This category somewhat overlaps with the general programming section since an operating system shell supports programming, and the line between operating system access and general programming is sometimes less than clear. For example, some versions of BASIC served as a shell, and BASIC is also a general-purpose language.


Unix-like

*
Almquist shell Almquist shell (also known as A Shell, ash and sh) is a lightweight Unix shell originally written by Kenneth Almquist in the late 1980s. Initially a clone of the System V.4 variant of the Bourne shell, it replaced the original Bourne shell in t ...
(ash) *
Bash (Unix shell) In computing, Bash (short for "''Bourne Again SHell''") is an interactive command interpreter and command programming language developed for UNIX-like operating systems. Created in 1989 by Brian Fox for the GNU Project, it is supported by the F ...
bash * Bourne shell sh *
C shell The C shell (csh or the improved version, tcsh) is a Unix shell created by Bill Joy while he was a graduate student at University of California, Berkeley in the late 1970s. It has been widely distributed, beginning with the 2BSD release of the ...
csh * Ch shell ch * Debian Almquist shell (dash) *
Emacs Emacs (), originally named EMACS (an acronym for "Editor Macros"), is a family of text editors that are characterized by their extensibility. The manual for the most widely used variant, GNU Emacs, describes it as "the extensible, customizable, s ...
shell eshell * Friendly interactive shell fish *
KornShell KornShell (ksh) is a Unix shell which was developed by David Korn (computer scientist), David Korn at Bell Labs in the early 1980s and announced at USENIX Annual Technical Conference, USENIX on July 14, 1983. The initial development was base ...
ksh *
PowerShell PowerShell is a shell program developed by Microsoft for task automation and configuration management. As is typical for a shell, it provides a command-line interpreter for interactive use and a script interpreter for automation via a langu ...
pwsh * rc shell rc, a shell for
Plan 9 from Bell Labs Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a distributed operating system which originated from the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) at Bell Labs in the mid-1980s and built on UNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has ...
and Unix * Stand-alone shell sash * Scheme Shell scsh * TENEX C shell tcsh * Z shell zsh


Windows

* COMMAND.COM, default shell in
Windows 9x Windows 9x is a generic term referring to a line of discontinued Microsoft Windows operating systems released from 1995 to 2000 and supported until 2006, which were based on the kernel introduced in Windows 95 and modified in succeeding version ...
, available in 32-bit NT-based Windows via
NTVDM Virtual DOS machines (VDM) refer to a technology that allows running 16-bit/32-bit DOS and 16-bit Windows programs when there is already another operating system running and controlling the hardware. Overview Virtual DOS machines can operate e ...
* cmd.exe, successor of COMMAND.COM in OS/2 and Windows NT systems, a.k.a. Command Prompt * Recovery Console *
PowerShell PowerShell is a shell program developed by Microsoft for task automation and configuration management. As is typical for a shell, it provides a command-line interpreter for interactive use and a script interpreter for automation via a langu ...
, successor of Command Prompt; more like Unix-based shells; based on
.NET The .NET platform (pronounced as "''dot net"'') is a free and open-source, managed code, managed computer software framework for Microsoft Windows, Windows, Linux, and macOS operating systems. The project is mainly developed by Microsoft emplo ...
* Hamilton C shell, a clone of the C shell * Take Command Console (4NT), a clone of cmd.exe with added features


DOS

* COMMAND.COM, the default command-line interpreter * 4DOS, a compatible, but more advanced shell * NDOS, provided with some versions of Norton Utilities *
GW-BASIC GW-BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language developed by Microsoft from IBM BASICA. Functionally identical to BASICA, its BASIC interpreter is a fully self-contained executable and does not need the Cassette BASIC ROM found in the ori ...


OS/2

* CMD.EXE, the default command-line interpreter * Hamilton C shell, a clone of the Unix C shell * 4OS2, a clone of CMD.EXE with additional features


Apple

* Apple DOS/ Apple ProDOS * Macintosh Programmer's Workshop


CP/M

* Console Command Processor (CCP), the default command line interpreter * ZCPR for the Z-System


IBM i

* Control Language * Qshell


Network routers

* Cisco IOS * Junos (Juniper Networks)


Other

* Atari TOS shell * BASIC-PLUS (RSTS/E) * CANDE MCS – command-line shell and text editor on the MCP operating system * Conversational Monitor System (VM/CMS) * Data General RDOS and AOS CLI * DIGITAL Command Language (DCL) * DOS Wedge – (Commodore 64) * DIGITAL Command Language (OpenVMS) * EFI-SHELL * Microsoft BASIC * Singularity (operating system) * SymShell * Tandem Application Control Language (TACL) * Time Sharing Option (MVS, z/OS) * YouOS shell


General-purpose programming

* APL *
BASIC Basic or BASIC may refer to: Science and technology * BASIC, a computer programming language * Basic (chemistry), having the properties of a base * Basic access authentication, in HTTP Entertainment * Basic (film), ''Basic'' (film), a 2003 film ...
* BeanShell – shell for
Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...
* JavaScript shell – several programs by this name, including JavaScript Interpreter Shell, allow interactive JavaScriptdeveloper.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript_shells
; Comparison of Server-side JavaScript solutions * Common Lisp Interface Manager – for
Lisp Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized Polish notation#Explanation, prefix notation. Originally specified in the late 1950s, ...
* F# *
Haskell Haskell () is a general-purpose, statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Designed for teaching, research, and industrial applications, Haskell pioneered several programming language ...
* Interactive Ruby Shell – for
Ruby Ruby is a pinkish-red-to-blood-red-colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum ( aluminium oxide). Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapph ...
* IPython – for Python * J * Julia * Jython * Macintosh Programmer's Workshop, for
Classic Mac OS Mac OS (originally System Software; retronym: Classic Mac OS) is the series of operating systems developed for the Mac (computer), Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Computer, Inc. from 1984 to 2001, starting with System 1 and end ...
*
Perl Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Though Perl is not officially an acronym, there are various backronyms in use, including "Practical Extraction and Reporting Language". Perl was developed ...
* PHPsh – shell for PHP *
Prolog Prolog is a logic programming language that has its origins in artificial intelligence, automated theorem proving, and computational linguistics. Prolog has its roots in first-order logic, a formal logic. Unlike many other programming language ...
* REBOL * Red *
REXX Rexx (restructured extended executor) is a high-level programming language developed at IBM by Mike Cowlishaw. Both proprietary and open-source software, open source Rexx interpreter (computing), interpreters exist for a wide range of comput ...
* Scala *
Smalltalk Smalltalk is a purely object oriented programming language (OOP) that was originally created in the 1970s for educational use, specifically for constructionist learning, but later found use in business. It was created at Xerox PARC by Learni ...
*
Standard ML Standard ML (SML) is a General-purpose programming language, general-purpose, High-level programming language, high-level, Modular programming, modular, Functional programming, functional programming language with compile-time type checking and t ...
* Tclsh – for Tcl * tkcon shell and IDE for Tcl/Tk * Windows Script Host * Wish (Windowing Shell) – for Tcl


Software debugging

* DEBUG * gdb * DDT, a PDP-10 debugger from DEC used as a command shell for the MIT Incompatible Timesharing System * Firebug/Chromebug, a JavaScript shell and debugging environment as a Firefox plugin


Database development

* sqsh, a shell available with some SQL implementations for database queries and other tasks. * Google Shell, a browser-based front-end for Google Search


Scientific and engineering software

*
MATLAB MATLAB (an abbreviation of "MATrix LABoratory") is a proprietary multi-paradigm programming language and numeric computing environment developed by MathWorks. MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementat ...
*
Wolfram Mathematica Wolfram (previously known as Mathematica and Wolfram Mathematica) is a software system with built-in libraries for several areas of technical computing that allows machine learning, statistics, symbolic computation, data manipulation, network ...
*
ROOT In vascular plants, the roots are the plant organ, organs of a plant that are modified to provide anchorage for the plant and take in water and nutrients into the plant body, which allows plants to grow taller and faster. They are most often bel ...


See also

* * * * * * * * * * * *


References

{{Reflist Command-line pl:Powłoka systemowa