This list of

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of language. The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), Morphology (linguistics), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds ...

s and

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of ...

s includes notable linguists from the

Russian Federation Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

, the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

, the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

and other predecessor states of Russia. __NOTOC__

A

* Vasily Abaev, prominent researcher of

Iranian languages The Iranian languages, also called the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, predominantly in the Iranian Plateau. The Iranian langu ...

* Solomon Adlivankin, Soviet linguist, the founder of Perm derivatology school, took part in compiling Akchim dialect dictionary * Vladimir Admoni, linguist, literary critic, translator and poet, worked on the theory of grammar, historic and modern German syntax, defended

Joseph Brodsky Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky (; ; 24 May 1940 – 28 January 1996) was a Russian and American poet and essayist. Born in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) in the Soviet Union, Brodsky ran afoul of Soviet authorities and was expelled ("strongly ...

in court in 1964 * Alexander Afanasyev, leading Russian

folklorist Folklore studies (also known as folkloristics, tradition studies or folk life studies in the UK) is the academic discipline devoted to the study of folklore. This term, along with its synonyms, gained currency in the 1950s to distinguish the ac ...

, recorded and published over 600 Russian fairy tales, by far the largest folktale collection by any one man in the world Baudouin1

B

* Ivan Baudouin de Courtenay, co-inventor of the concept of

phoneme A phoneme () is any set of similar Phone (phonetics), speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible Phonetics, phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word fr ...

and the systematic treatment of alternations, pioneer of

synchronic analysis Synchrony and diachrony are two complementary viewpoints in linguistic analysis. A ''synchronic'' approach - from ,("together") + ,("time") - considers a language at a moment in time without taking its history into account. In contrast, a ''diac ...

and mathematical linguistics * Victor Bayda, linguist specializing in

Celtic Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to: Language and ethnicity *pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia **Celts (modern) *Celtic languages **Proto-Celtic language *Celtic music *Celtic nations Sports Foot ...

and Germanic languages * Alexander Belskiy,

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

specialist in

literary criticism A genre of arts criticism, literary criticism or literary studies is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical analysis of literature's ...

, famous Anglicist, founder of philological faculty at

Perm State University Perm State University (now Perm State National Research University; , , romanised: , ) or PSU, PSNRU (, , romanised: , ), is located in the city of Perm, Perm Krai, Russia. Founded in 1916, it claims to be one of the oldest universities in ...

, founder of Foreign literature Department at PSU * Otto von Böhtlingk, prominent Indologist and Sanskrit grammarian * Fyodor Buslaev, philologist and folklorist, representative of the Mythological school of

comparative literature Comparative literature studies is an academic field dealing with the study of literature and cultural expression across language, linguistic, national, geographic, and discipline, disciplinary boundaries. Comparative literature "performs a role ...

* Yakov Brandt, Sinologist

D

Vladimir Dal Vladimir Ivanovich Dal (, ; 22 November 1801 – 4 October 1872) was a Russians, Russian Lexicography, lexicographer, Multilingualism, speaker of many languages, Turkology, Turkologist, and founding member of the Russian Geographical Society. Du ...

, greatest

Russian language Russian is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is ...

lexicographer Lexicography is the study of lexicons and the art of compiling dictionaries. It is divided into two separate academic disciplines: * Practical lexicography is the art or craft of compiling, writing and editing dictionary, dictionaries. * The ...

of the 19th century, folklorist and turkologist, author of the '' Explanatory Dictionary of the Live Great Russian language'' * Vladimir Dybo, a main figure in the

Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics The Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics (also called the Nostratic languages, Nostratic School) is a school of linguistics based in Moscow, Russia that is known for its work in . Formerly based at Moscow State University, it is currently cente ...

E

* Tamara Erofeyeva, leader of school « Sociolinguistic study of urban language», head of Socio- and

Psycholinguistics Psycholinguistics or psychology of language is the study of the interrelation between linguistic factors and psychological aspects. The discipline is mainly concerned with the mechanisms by which language is processed and represented in the mind ...

school at Department of General and Slavonic linguisticsPerm State University. Department of General and Slavonic linguistics. Socio- and Psycholinguistics school
/ref> at Perm State National Research University, Honorary Figure of Russian Higher Education

F

* Elena Fedorova, scholar of antiquity; doctor of philology, specialising in classical philology and cultural history

G

* Dmitry Gerasimov, medieval translator, diplomat and philologist, correspondent of European

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...

scholars

H

* Eugene Helimski, a long-range comparative linguist

I

Vladislav Illich-Svitych Vladislav Markovich Illich-Svitych (, also transliterated as Illič-Svityč; 12 September 1934 – 22 August 1966) was a Soviet linguist and accentologist. He was a founding father of comparative Nostratic linguistics and the Moscow School o ...

, founder of

Nostratic Nostratic is a hypothetical language macrofamily including many of the language families of northern Eurasia first proposed in 1903. Though a historically important proposal, it is now generally considered a fringe theory. Its exact compositi ...

linguistics and the

* Vyacheslav Ivanov, founder of glottalic theory of

Indo-European The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the northern Indian subcontinent, most of Europe, and the Iranian plateau with additional native branches found in regions such as Sri Lanka, the Maldives, parts of Central Asia (e. ...

consonant In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract, except for the h sound, which is pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Examples are and pronou ...

ism

J

Roman Jakobson Roman Osipovich Jakobson (, ; 18 July 1982) was a Russian linguist and literary theorist. A pioneer of structural linguistics, Jakobson was one of the most celebrated and influential linguists of the twentieth century. With Nikolai Trubetzk ...

, literary theorist and preeminent linguist of the 20th century, a founder of

phonology Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics: "phonemics ''n.'' 'obsolescent''1. Any procedure for identifying the phonemes of a language from a corpus of data. 2. (formerly also phonematics) A former synonym for phonology, often pre ...

, made numerous contributions to Slavic linguistics, author of Jackobson's Communication Model

K

* Pyotr Kafarov, prominent

sinologist Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilizatio ...

, developed the cyrillization of Chinese, discovered and published many invaluable manuscripts, including ''

The Secret History of the Mongols The ''Secret History of the Mongols'' is the oldest surviving literary work in the Mongolic languages. Written for the Borjigin, Mongol royal family some time after the death of Genghis Khan in 1227, it recounts his life and conquests, and parti ...

'' * Alexander Kibrik, eminent typologist and caucasologist * Andrej Kibrik, specialist in

linguistic typology Linguistic typology (or language typology) is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural features to allow their comparison. Its aim is to describe and explain the structural diversity and the co ...

cognitive linguistics Cognitive linguistics is an interdisciplinary branch of linguistics, combining knowledge and research from cognitive science, cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and linguistics. Models and theoretical accounts of cognitive linguistics are cons ...

discourse analysis Discourse analysis (DA), or discourse studies, is an approach to the analysis of written, spoken, or sign language, including any significant semiotic event. The objects of discourse analysis (discourse, writing, conversation, communicative sy ...

, and

Athabaskan languages Athabaskan ( ; also spelled ''Athabascan'', ''Athapaskan'' or ''Athapascan'', and also known as Dene) is a large branch of the Na-Dene languages, Na-Dene language family of North America, located in western North America in three areal language ...

* Valeriya Kirpichenko, linguist, translator, specialist in Arabic literature, professor at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the

Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such ...

* Yuri Knorozov, linguist,

epigrapher Epigraphy () is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the wr ...

and ethnographer, deciphered the ancient

Maya script Maya script, also known as Maya glyphs, is historically the native writing system of the Maya civilization of Mesoamerica and is the only Mesoamerican writing system that has been substantially deciphered. The earliest inscriptions found which ...

, proposed a decipherment for the Indus script * Rimma Komina, Soviet and Russian specialist in

, the Dean of philological faculty at

(1977–1982) * Andrey Korsakov, eminent

and language

philosopher Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, Value (ethics and social sciences), value, mind, and language. It is a rational an ...

, specialised in the

Germanic languages The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania, and Southern Africa. The most widely spoke ...

and English

grammar In linguistics, grammar is the set of rules for how a natural language is structured, as demonstrated by its speakers or writers. Grammar rules may concern the use of clauses, phrases, and words. The term may also refer to the study of such rul ...

, suggested

philosophic Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, Value (ethics and social sciences), value, mind, and language. It is a rational an ...

reasoning for the

parts of speech In grammar, a part of speech or part-of-speech (abbreviated as POS or PoS, also known as word class or grammatical category) is a category of words (or, more generally, of lexical items) that have similar grammatical properties. Words that are as ...

system and

understanding of

syntactic categories A syntactic category is a syntactic unit that theories of syntax assume. Word classes, largely corresponding to traditional parts of speech (e.g. noun, verb, preposition, etc.), are syntactic categories. In phrase structure grammars, the ''phrasa ...

* Margarita Kozhina, Soviet and Russian linguist, specialist in stylistics, the founder of Perm school of functional

stylistics Stylistics, a branch of applied linguistics, is the study and interpretation of texts of all types, but particularly literary texts, and spoken language with regard to their linguistic and tonal style, where style is the particular variety of l ...

* Nikolay Krushevsky, co-inventor of the concept of

and the systematic treatment of alternations

L

* Gerasim Lebedev, pioneer of Indology, introduced

Bengali script The Bengali script or Bangla alphabet (, Romanization of Bengali, romanized: ''Bāṅlā bôrṇômālā'') is the standard writing system used to write the Bengali language, and has historically been used to write Sanskrit within Bengal. ...

typing to Europe, founded the first European-style drama

theater Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors to present experiences of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The performers may communi ...

in India * Dmitry Likhachov, major 20th century expert on Old East Slavic language and literature *

Mikhail Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (; , ; – ) was a Russian polymath, scientist and writer, who made important contributions to literature, education, and science. Among his discoveries were the atmosphere of Venus and the law of conservation of ...

, polymath scientist and artist, wrote a

that reformed Russian literary language by combining

Old Church Slavonic Old Church Slavonic or Old Slavonic ( ) is the first Slavic languages, Slavic literary language and the oldest extant written Slavonic language attested in literary sources. It belongs to the South Slavic languages, South Slavic subgroup of the ...

with vernacular tongue *

Nikolay Lvov Nikolay Aleksandrovich Lvov (; May 4, 1753 – December 21, 1803) was a Russian Empire, Russian artist of the Age of Enlightenment. Lvov, an amateur of noble lineage, was a polymathBohlman, p. 45. who contributed to geology, history, graphic arts ...

, polymath artist and scientist, compiled the first significant collection of Russian folk songs, published epic bylinas

M

* Sergey Malov, turkologist, classified the Turkic alphabets, deciphered ancient Orkhon script * Nicholas Marr, put forth a pseudo-linguistic '' Japhetic theory'' on the

origin of language The origin of language, its relationship with human evolution, and its consequences have been subjects of study for centuries. Scholars wishing to study the origins of language draw inferences from evidence such as the fossil record, archaeolog ...

* Igor Melchuk, structural linguist, author of Meaning-Text Theory * Anatoly Moskvin, philologist and linguist, arrested in 2011 after the bodies of 26 mummified young women were discovered in his home. * Leonid Murzin, Soviet and Russian linguist, the head of Perm derivatology school; he founded the Institute of dynamic linguistics * Vladimir Müller, linguist and lexicographer, author of popular English–Russian dictionary

N

* Sergei Nikolaev, a long-range comparative linguist * Semyon Novgorodov, Yakut politician and linguist, creator of written Yakut language ( Sakha scripts)

O

* Sergei Ozhegov, author of the most widely used explanatory dictionary of

P

* Ilia Peiros, a long-range comparative linguist known for his work on

Austric languages The Austric languages are a proposed language family that includes the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan, Maritime Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Madagascar, as well as Kra–Dai and Austroasiatic languages spoken in Mainland Sout ...

Stephan of Perm Stephen of Perm (; ; – 26 April 1396) was a Russian Orthodox Church, Russian Orthodox bishop, painter and missionary. He is known as being one of the most successful missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church. Stephen is credited with the con ...

, 14th century missionary, converted Komi Permyaks to Christianity and invented the Old Permic script * Yevgeny Polivanov, linguist, orientalist and polyglot, developed the cyrillization of Japanese * Nicholas Poppe, prominent

Altaic languages The Altaic () languages are a group of languages comprising the Turkic languages, Turkic, Mongolic languages, Mongolic and Tungusic languages, Tungusic language families, with some linguists including the Koreanic languages, Koreanic and Japon ...

researcher * Vladimir Propp, formalist scholar, major researcher of folk tales and

mythology Myth is a genre of folklore consisting primarily of narratives that play a fundamental role in a society. For scholars, this is very different from the vernacular usage of the term "myth" that refers to a belief that is not true. Instead, the ...

* Tatyana Proskuryakova, Mayanist scholarand archaeologist, deciphered the ancient

R

* George de Roerich, major 20th century Tibetologist

S

* Franz Anton Schiefner, prominent tibetologist, Finnic and

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region spanning Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising parts of Southern Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The Caucasus Mountains, i ...

languages researcher * Isaac Jacob Schmidt, first researcher of Mongolian *

Aleksey Shakhmatov Aleksey Aleksandrovich Shakhmatov (, – 16 August 1920) was a Russian philology, philologist and historian credited with laying the foundations for the science of Textual criticism, textology. Shakhmatov held the title of Doctor of Russ ...

, founder of textology, prepared major 20th century

reforms of Russian orthography Russian orthography has been reformed officially and unofficially by changing the Russian alphabet over the course of the history of the Russian language. Several important reforms happened in the 18th–20th centuries. Early changes Old East ...

, pioneered the systematic research of Old Russian and medieval Russian literature *

Lev Shcherba Lev Vladimirovich Shcherba (commonly Scherba) (; ; – December 26, 1944) was a Russian and Soviet linguist and lexicographer specializing in phonetics and phonology. Early life and education Born in Igumen (Minsk Governorate, Russian Empire,In ...

, phonetist and phonologist, author of the '' glokaya kuzdra'' phrase * Fyodor Shcherbatskoy, Indologist, initiated the scholarly study of

Buddhist Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and List of philosophies, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or ...

philosophy in the West * Vitaly Shevoroshkin, a long-range comparative linguists * Ivan Snegiryov, early collector of Russian proverbs and researcher of lubok prints * Izmail Sreznevsky, leading 19th century

Slavist Slavic (American English) or Slavonic (British English) studies, also known as Slavistics, is the academic field of area studies concerned with Slavic peoples, languages, literature, history, and culture. Originally, a Slavist or Slavicist was ...

, published '' Codex Zographensis'', '' Codex Marianus'' and '' Kiev Fragments'' * Georgiy Starostin, son of

Sergei Starostin Sergei Anatolyevich Starostin (; March 24, 1953 – September 30, 2005) was a Russian historical linguistics, historical linguist and philology, philologist, perhaps best known for his reconstructions of hypothetical proto-languages, including hi ...

and long-range comparative linguistic researcher *

, prominent supporter of

theory, proposed Dené–Caucasian languages macrofamily, reconstructed a number of Eurasian proto-languages

T

* Vasily Tatischev, geographer, ethnographer and historian, compiled the first encyclopedic

dictionary A dictionary is a listing of lexemes from the lexicon of one or more specific languages, often arranged Alphabetical order, alphabetically (or by Semitic root, consonantal root for Semitic languages or radical-and-stroke sorting, radical an ...

of Russian * Chukchi Tenevil, reindeer herder who created a writing system for the Chukchi language *

Nikolai Trubetzkoy Prince Nikolai Sergeyevich Trubetzkoy ( ; 16 April 1890 – 25 June 1938) was a Russian linguist and historian whose teachings formed a nucleus of the Prague School of structural linguistics. He is widely considered to be the founder of morpho ...

, principal developer of

and inventor of

morphophonology Morphophonology (also morphophonemics or morphonology) is the branch of linguistics that studies the interaction between morphological and phonological or phonetic processes. Its chief focus is the sound changes that take place in morphemes (m ...

, defined

, a founder of the

Prague School The Prague school or Prague linguistic circle is a language and literature society. It started in 1926 as a group of linguists, philologists and literary critics in Prague. Its proponents developed methods of structuralist literary analysis and ...

structural linguistics Structural linguistics, or structuralism, in linguistics, denotes schools or theories in which language is conceived as a self-contained, self-regulating semiotic system whose elements are defined by their relationship to other elements within th ...

U

* Dmitry Ushakov, author of the academic '' Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language''

V

* Matrena Vakhrusheva, linguist and philologist, wrote the first Mansi-Russian dictionary and a pioneer in the development of Mansi literature and orthography for the

Mansi language The Mansi languages are spoken by the Mansi people in Siberia, Russia along the Ob River and its tributaries, in the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Sverdlovsk Oblast. Traditionally considered a single language, they constitute a bran ...

Max Vasmer Max Julius Friedrich Vasmer (; ; 28 February 1886 – 30 November 1962) was a Russian and German linguist. He studied problems of etymology in Indo-European, Finno-Ugric and Turkic languages and worked on the history of Slavic, Baltic, ...

, leading

Finno-Ugric Finno-Ugric () is a traditional linguistic grouping of all languages in the Uralic languages, Uralic language family except for the Samoyedic languages. Its once commonly accepted status as a subfamily of Uralic is based on criteria formulated in ...

and Turkic etymologist, author of the ' * Viktor Vinogradov, linguist and philologist, founder of the Russian Language Institute * Alexander Vostokov, coined the term ''

'', discovered '' Ostromir Gospel'' (the most ancient East Slavic book), pioneer researcher of the Russian grammar

Z

* Andrey Zaliznyak, author of the comprehensive systematic description of Russian

inflection In linguistic Morphology (linguistics), morphology, inflection (less commonly, inflexion) is a process of word formation in which a word is modified to express different grammatical category, grammatical categories such as grammatical tense, ...

, prominent researcher of the Old Novgorod dialect and birch bark documents, proved the authenticity of the '' Tale of Igor's Campaign'' * L. L. Zamenhof, inventor of

Esperanto Esperanto (, ) is the world's most widely spoken Constructed language, constructed international auxiliary language. Created by L. L. Zamenhof in 1887 to be 'the International Language' (), it is intended to be a universal second language for ...

, the most widely spoken constructed

international auxiliary language An international auxiliary language (sometimes acronymized as IAL or contracted as auxlang) is a language meant for communication between people from different nations, who do not share a common first language. An auxiliary language is primarily a ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Russian Linguists And Philologists Linguists Linguistics lists Linguists

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See also

References