Lindau (Eichsfeld)
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Lindau (also: ''Lindau (Eichsfeld)'') is a village in the southern Lower Saxon section of the
Eichsfeld The Eichsfeld ( or ; 'Oak-field') is a historical region in the southeast of the state of Lower Saxony (which is called , 'lower Eichsfeld') and northwest of the state of Thuringia (, 'upper Eichsfeld') in the south of the Harz mountains in Germany ...
,
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
. Lindau belongs to the Gemeinde (municipality) of
Katlenburg-Lindau Katlenburg-Lindau (; Eastphalian: ''Katelnborg-Lindau'') is a municipality in the Landkreis (district) of Northeim in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 10 km southeast of Northeim, and 20 km northeast of Göttingen. ...
and to the
Landkreis In 13 German states, the primary administrative subdivision higher than a '' Gemeinde'' (municipality) is the () or (). Most major cities in Germany are not part of any ''Kreis'', but instead combine the functions of a municipality and a ''K ...
(district) of
Northeim Northeim (; ) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, seat of the Northeim (district), district of Northeim, with a population of 30,118 as of 31 December 2023. It lies on the German Half-Timbered House Road. History Northeim is first mentioned in ...
. The village is known to many space physicists and radio engineers around the world, as the
Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research The Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (abbreviation: MPS; ) is a research institute in astronomy and astrophysics located in Göttingen, Germany, where it relocated in February 2014 from the nearby village of Lindau (Katlenburg-Lindau ...
(known as "Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy" until June 2004) was based there until 2014, when it moved to
Göttingen Göttingen (, ; ; ) is a college town, university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the Capital (political), capital of Göttingen (district), the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. According to the 2022 German census, t ...
, also in Lower Saxony.'Neubau'
on MPS website, viewed 2014-07-09


Geography

Lindau lies on an area of level farmland between the
Oder The Oder ( ; Czech and ) is a river in Central Europe. It is Poland's second-longest river and third-longest within its borders after the Vistula and its largest tributary the Warta. The Oder rises in the Czech Republic and flows through wes ...
and
Rhume The Rhume () is a long river in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is a right tributary of the Leine. Its source is the karstic spring of Rhume Spring in Rhumspringe, south of the Harz mountain range. The water drains with high pressure from the ground of ...
rivers.


History

Lindau was mentioned in writing for the first time in 1184. Around 1322 Otto II of Woldenberg,
bishop of Hildesheim This list records the incumbents of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Hildesheim (). Between 1235 and 1803 the bishops simultaneously officiating as rulers of princely rank (prince-bishop) in the Bishopric of Hildesheim, Prince-Bishopric of Hildeshei ...
, established the '' Mushaus'', today the oldest building of the municipality of ''Gemeinde'' Katlenburg-Lindau, and in which the Lindau administration was accommodated until 1741. In the 19th century, Lindau's economy grew with a
jute Jute ( ) is a long, rough, shiny bast fibre that can be Spinning (textiles), spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from flowering plants in the genus ''Corchorus'', of the mallow family Malvaceae. The primary source of the fiber is ...
spinning mill set up by the Greve company (1872) and the brewery.


The fire of Easter 1911

In the afternoon of 15 April 1911,
Easter Easter, also called Pascha ( Aramaic: פַּסְחָא , ''paskha''; Greek: πάσχα, ''páskha'') or Resurrection Sunday, is a Christian festival and cultural holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in t ...
Sunday, Lindau experienced its largest and most devastating fire. In a farmyard in the ''Unterflecken'' area of the village, two boys had made a fire. Since it was very windy, the fire spread to the farm buildings and those of a bricklayer. Primitive
fire fighting Firefighting is a profession aimed at controlling and extinguishing fire. A person who engages in firefighting is known as a firefighter or fireman. Firefighters typically undergo a high degree of technical training. This involves structural fir ...
equipment and the distance from the local river led to the entire Unterflecken being burnt. Sparks ignited other houses and stored chemicals exploded. 42 houses and 30 auxiliary buildings were destroyed and many were never rebuilt. In the village marketplace the ''Mariendenkmal'' monument was erected. In the same year, a local
volunteer Volunteering is an elective and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergency ...
fire brigade A fire department (North American English) or fire brigade (Commonwealth English), also known as a fire company, fire authority, fire district, fire and rescue, or fire service in some areas, is an organization that provides fire prevention and ...
was established.


Weimar Republic (1918–1933)

Lindau's predominantly
catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
population influenced the village's voting pattern . (A
census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...
from the year 1934 indicated there were 1487 inhabitants, of whom 85.5% were Catholic, only 14.5%
Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...
while no
Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...
inhabitants were recorded.) The ''
Zentrumspartei The Centre Party (, Z), officially the German Centre Party (, DZP) and also known in English as the Catholic Centre Party, is a Christian democracy, Christian democratic political party in Germany. It was most influential in the German Empire a ...
''
centrist Centrism is the range of political ideologies that exist between left-wing politics and right-wing politics on the left–right political spectrum. It is associated with moderate politics, including people who strongly support moderate policie ...
party, abbreviated 'Zentrum', held a special supremacy in the district during the period of the
Weimar Republic The Weimar Republic, officially known as the German Reich, was the German Reich, German state from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclai ...
. In 1920 Zentrum gained 69.8% of Lindau's Reichstag votes. This high vote was maintained through all the years of the Weimar Republic until 1932, when with the last free elections this party still gained 60.8% of the vote while in many other places the
Nazi Party The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ( or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor ...
had long been the strongest political power. The Nazis recorded just two votes (0.3%) for the first time in 1928 and were insignificant at first in subsequent years. In November 1932 the Nazis were no longer to be ignored, at 21.9% the second strongest party in Lindau after the Zentrum. A local Nazi group formed in 1930 (the district's first had been formed in 1925 in
Duderstadt Duderstadt () is a city in southern Lower Saxony, Germany, located in the district of Göttingen. It is the centre and the capital of the northern part of the Eichsfeld ("Untereichsfeld"). It was once the private wealth of the Roman Catholic ar ...
). The last months of the Weimar Republic were shaped by violent political arguments in Lindau, with many party meetings and banners in the village. A news item from this time reports that a Lindau SA member was hurt “by a political opponent, with a key, on the head.”


Lindau during national socialism (1933–1945)

No documents remain from the March 1933 elections, but it is assumed that Lindau voted along customary lines. At first the Lindau population remained sceptically opposed to the new ruling powers. However, the
concordat A concordat () is a convention between the Holy See and a sovereign state that defines the relationship between the Catholic Church and the state in matters that concern both,René Metz, ''What is Canon Law?'' (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1960
Vatican Vatican may refer to: Geography * Vatican City, an independent city-state surrounded by Rome, Italy * Vatican Hill, in Rome, namesake of Vatican City * Ager Vaticanus, an alluvial plain in Rome * Vatican, an unincorporated community in the ...
encouraged many Catholic voters. Gradually national socialism became acceptable among them. In May 1933 the first Nazi mayor was appointed. The municipality had no more influence on policy. The new ruling powers determined everything. In November of the same year Reichstag elections took place. However it was only possible to vote 'yes' or 'no'. With these elections 910 Lindauers voted for the Nazis: 98%. Only 19 voters (approx 2%) were either invalid or 'no' votes. Job creation measures led to new roads and more people. Among other things in 1938 the market place was paved and was used as a stage for many demonstration (people), political demonstrations. The economy flourished, the Greve string factory for example got many orders from the armed forces during preparations for the Second World War.


Second World War (1939–1945)

An early influence of the outbreak of
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
was the arrival of women and children from large cities of the
Saarland Saarland (, ; ) is a state of Germany in the southwest of the country. With an area of and population of 990,509 in 2018, it is the smallest German state in area apart from the city-states of Berlin, Bremen, and Hamburg, and the smallest in ...
in December 1939. During the war many
prisoners of war A prisoner of war (POW) is a person held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610. Belligerents hold prisoners of war for a ...
came to Lindau, among others Frenchmen and Poles, who were used in
agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...
. In 1945 a group of Canadian airmen crashed. The Second World War cost 111 Lindau soldiers' lives, nearly twice as high as the casualties in the
First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
of 1914–1918.


The post-war period (1945–1949)

One of the first steps after the end of the war was the release of
prisoners of war A prisoner of war (POW) is a person held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610. Belligerents hold prisoners of war for a ...
. In June 1945 approximately 200
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...
personnel were deployed in Lindau after the Americans had left and they remained until 1946. Gradually life in Lindau began to normalise. On 3 June a new
kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
was inaugurated and on 5 June the public library, after all National Socialist material had been removed, opened in the parsonage building. The school suffered from a shortage of teachers and textbooks "For learning books the school children possess nothing except for a
Bible The Bible is a collection of religious texts that are central to Christianity and Judaism, and esteemed in other Abrahamic religions such as Islam. The Bible is an anthology (a compilation of texts of a variety of forms) originally writt ...
,
Catechism A catechism (; from , "to teach orally") is a summary or exposition of Catholic theology, doctrine and serves as a learning introduction to the Sacraments traditionally used in catechesis, or Christian religious teaching of children and adult co ...
and maybe a reader," wrote a teacher at that time. Between the English occupiers and the Lindau population there existed a good relationship. The British held
friendly match An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, scrimmage, demonstration, training match, pre-season game, warmup match, or preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sport, sporting event whose prize money and impact on th ...
es with the FC Lindau
soccer Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular f ...
club. After the war a
research Research is creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge. It involves the collection, organization, and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to ...
institute relocated to Lindau, where buildings of the Technical University of Hannover already existed. The convoy arrived on the 2nd and 3 March 1946. This was to become the
Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research The Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (abbreviation: MPS; ) is a research institute in astronomy and astrophysics located in Göttingen, Germany, where it relocated in February 2014 from the nearby village of Lindau (Katlenburg-Lindau ...
. On 16 March 1946 the village school converted back into a
catholic school Catholic schools are Parochial school, parochial pre-primary, primary and secondary educational institutions administered in association with the Catholic Church. , the Catholic Church operates the world's largest parochial schools, religious, no ...
after 88% of parents voted for this. However the
Protestant Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes Justification (theology), justification of sinners Sola fide, through faith alone, the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by unmerited Grace in Christianity, divin ...
children got their own
religious education In secular usage, religious education is the teaching of a particular religion (although in the United Kingdom the term ''religious instruction'' would refer to the teaching of a particular religion, with ''religious education'' referring to t ...
. The high number of
refugees A refugee, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), is a person "forced to flee their own country and seek safety in another country. They are unable to return to their own country because of feared persecution as ...
from the large cities was problematic. Food, accommodation and work were scarce. The number of refugees constantly increased, bringing the population to 2400. All houses were heavily occupied, and the relationship between Lindauers and refugees was not always good. Between 1946 and 1948 the ''Fleckenstraße'' road was paved, and the church tower was repaired in 1948.


Development from 1949 until today

After the Second World War Lindau developed to the north and the entire infrastructure was improved. In 1957 the village got a multipurpose hall, (reconditioned in 2006). A new
elementary school A primary school (in Ireland, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, South Africa, and Singapore), elementary school, or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary ...
was established in 1965 which serves today as a
Hauptschule A ''Hauptschule'' (, "general school") is a secondary school in Germany, starting after four years of elementary schooling (''Grundschule''), which offers Lower Secondary Education (Level 2) according to the International Standard Classification ...
and
Realschule Real school (, ) is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (''realna gimnazija''), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (''realskole''), Sweden (''realskola''), F ...
. A new
kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
was built in 1969. Lindau got its own sports field, and a new fire station was built in 1971 as well as asphalted roads equipped with modern lighting. In 1969 Lindau joined the ''Rhumetal'' district drainage project, completed in 1976. On 1 January 1973 as part of administrative reform of
Lower Saxony Lower Saxony is a States of Germany, German state (') in Northern Germany, northwestern Germany. It is the second-largest state by land area, with , and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 ' of the Germany, Federal Re ...
the district of
Duderstadt Duderstadt () is a city in southern Lower Saxony, Germany, located in the district of Göttingen. It is the centre and the capital of the northern part of the Eichsfeld ("Untereichsfeld"). It was once the private wealth of the Roman Catholic ar ...
was dissolved, from which Lindau was placed in
Landkreis In 13 German states, the primary administrative subdivision higher than a '' Gemeinde'' (municipality) is the () or (). Most major cities in Germany are not part of any ''Kreis'', but instead combine the functions of a municipality and a ''K ...
Northeim (district) Northeim is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise) the districts of Holzminden, Hildesheim, Goslar and Göttingen, and the state of Hesse (district of Kassel). History In medieval times the area h ...
. Lindau also lost the status of a municipality as together with six other villages the united municipality '' Gemeinde
Katlenburg-Lindau Katlenburg-Lindau (; Eastphalian: ''Katelnborg-Lindau'') is a municipality in the Landkreis (district) of Northeim in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 10 km southeast of Northeim, and 20 km northeast of Göttingen. ...
'' was created. Lindau had become part of a predominantly Lutheran area and it is reported that the bell was tolled at the (catholic) village church. In 1983 Lindau joined a
natural gas Natural gas (also fossil gas, methane gas, and gas) is a naturally occurring compound of gaseous hydrocarbons, primarily methane (95%), small amounts of higher alkanes, and traces of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and helium ...
network while the ''Peter und Paul Kirche'' catholic church was renovated during a seven-year closure. The mill stream created in 1872 by the company Greve for
water power Hydropower (from Ancient Greek -, "water"), also known as water power or water energy, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by converting the gravitational potential or kin ...
at the oast house was filled in 1984. In 1985 Lindau opened a large sportsground with a
grandstand A grandstand is a normally permanent structure for seating spectators, typically at sports stadiums and including both auto racing and horse racing. The grandstand is in essence like a single section of a stadium, but differs from a stadium i ...
for 250 spectators. In 1987 the district of Northeim built a "center for innovation" next to the Max Planck Institute, to offer production facilities for
high tech High technology (high tech or high-tech), also known as advanced technology (advanced tech) or exotechnology, is technology that is at the state of the art, cutting edge: the highest form of technology available. It can be defined as either the ...
companies. In the years 1946, 1947, 1981 and 1994 Lindau was afflicted by heavy
flood A flood is an overflow of water (list of non-water floods, or rarely other fluids) that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are of significant con ...
ing of the Rhume, which caused severe damage. The flood
dam A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aqua ...
built in 1995 has so far prevented similar events. In 2014, the Max Planck Institute relocated to Göttingen.


Aircraft crash over Lindau

On 29 October 1979 just after 5pm a US
Grumman The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, later Grumman Aerospace Corporation, was a 20th century American producer of military and civilian aircraft. Founded on December 6, 1929, by Leroy Grumman and his business partners, it merged in 19 ...
OV-1 Mohawk The Grumman OV-1 Mohawk is American armed military observation and attack aircraft that was designed for battlefield surveillance and light strike capabilities. It features a twin turboprop configuration, and carries two crew members in side-by-s ...
reconnaissance aircraft A reconnaissance aircraft (colloquially, a spy plane) is a military aircraft designed or adapted to perform aerial reconnaissance with roles including collection of imagery intelligence (including using Aerial photography, photography), signals ...
crashed near highway 247 to Bilshausen and set a
stable A stable is a building in which working animals are kept, especially horses or oxen. The building is usually divided into stalls, and may include storage for equipment and feed. Styles There are many different types of stables in use tod ...
on fire. Both pilots ejected safely after diverting the aircraft from densely populated parts of Lindau.


Population

* 1815 – 1107 inhabitants * 1848 – 1441 inhabitants * 1905 – 1330 inhabitants * 1921 – 1365 inhabitants * 1934 – 1487 inhabitants * 1946 – 2456 inhabitants * 1950 – 2342 inhabitants * 1960 – 2136 inhabitants * 1978 – 2014 inhabitants * 1994 – 1985 inhabitants * 2006 – 1846 inhabitants The remarkably high number of inhabitants immediately after the Second World War can be explained by 861 refugees in the year 1946.


Notable buildings

*Mushaus: (a
mashing In brewing and distilling, mashing is the process of combining ground grain – malted barley and sometimes supplementary grains such as corn, sorghum, rye, or wheat (known as the " grain bill") – with water and then heating the mixture. Ma ...
house for the
brewing Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and #Fermenting, fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with Yeast#Beer, yeast. It may be done in a brewery ...
of
beer Beer is an alcoholic beverage produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grain—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. The grain is mashed to convert starch in the ...
): features on the village
coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...
, once part of a 14th-century
medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the West ...
castle A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ...
*Kirche Sankt Peter und Paul: (St Peter and Paul
Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
Church) built from 1754 in the
baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...
style. * Evangelische Kreuzkirche: (
Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...
Church) * Former
Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research The Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (abbreviation: MPS; ) is a research institute in astronomy and astrophysics located in Göttingen, Germany, where it relocated in February 2014 from the nearby village of Lindau (Katlenburg-Lindau ...
buildings south of the village (vacated by the institute when it relocated to Göttingen in 2014)


Politics

''
Bürgermeister Burgomaster (alternatively spelled burgermeister, ) is the English form of various terms in or derived from Germanic languages for the chief magistrate or executive of a city or town. The name in English was derived from the Dutch . In so ...
'' (
mayors In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...
) and their party *1919 – 1926 Johannes Monecke; Zentrum *1926 Georg Barkefeld; Zentrum *1927 – 1933 Johannes Hellmann; Zentrum *1933 – 1939 Heinrich Leinemann; NSDAP *1939 – 1945 Joseph Wagener; NSDAP *1945 Anton Freyberg (no party) *1945 – 1946 Heinrich Hahn (no party) *1946 – 1952 August Linnekuhl; CDU *1952 – 1956 Theodor Fahlbusch; CDU *1956 – 1958 Johannes Wandt; CDU *1958 – 1968 Paul Brandfaß; CDU *1968 – 1972 Helmut Krüger;
SPD The Social Democratic Party of Germany ( , SPD ) is a social democratic political party in Germany. It is one of the major parties of contemporary Germany. Saskia Esken has been the party's leader since the 2019 leadership election together wi ...
*1972 – 1976 Hans-Gerhard Strüder; CDU *1976 – 1991 Horst Waßmann; CDU *1991 – 1994 Hubert Kopp; CDU *1994 – 2001 Werner Brandfaß; CDU *2001 – today Heinrich Schmidt; CDU


The Lindau ''Ortsrat'' (village council)

CDU: 7 seats SPD: 3 seats FDP: 1 seat * ''Ortsbürgermeister'' (village mayor): Heinrich Schmidt (CDU) * deputy: Gudrun Franz (CDU) * 2nd deputy: Rudolf Rümke (SPD)


Notable residents

* Igna Maria Jünemann (writer), d 1964


Notable directors of Max Planck Institute

* 1955–1964
Julius Bartels Julius Bartels (17 August 1899, Magdeburg – 6 March 1964) was a German geophysicist and statistician who made notable contributions to the physics of the Sun and Moon; to geomagnetism and meteorology; and to the physics of the ionosphere. He al ...
* 1951–1975 Walter Dieminger * 1974–1990 Sir (William) Ian Axford * 1992–1998 Tor Hagfors


Sister town

Since 1966, partnered with the
Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg ( ; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a states of Germany, German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million i ...
town of
Binau Binau (South Franconian: ''Bina'') is a municipality in the district of Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. History There are signs of human settlement in the area dating from the Bronze Age. Binau is first mentioned in his ...
.


Sources

* Birgit Schlegel, Rudolf Brodhun et al.: ''Lindau – Geschichte eines Fleckens'', Verlag Mecke Druck, 1995 (in German) * various authors: ''Die Kirchen im Eichsfeld'', Verlag Mecke Druck, 2005 (in German)


References


External links


katlenburg-lindau.de
official municipal website {{authority control Villages in Lower Saxony