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Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician (LRJ) was a culture or technocomplex ( industry) dating to the beginning
The technocomplex is named after findings in Kents Cavern, Lincombe Hill,
Upper Paleolithic
The Upper Paleolithic (or Upper Palaeolithic) is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age. Very broadly, it dates to between 50,000 and 12,000 years ago (the beginning of the Holocene), according to some theories coi ...
, about 43,000 years ago. It is characterised by leaf points made on long blades, which are thought to have been made by the last Neanderthal
Neanderthals (, also ''Homo neanderthalensis'' and erroneously ''Homo sapiens neanderthalensis''), also written as Neandertals, are an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans who lived in Eurasia until about 40,000 years ago. While ...
s, although some researchers have suggested that it could be a culture of the first anatomically modern humans in Europe.
It is rarely found, but extends across northwest Europe from Wales to Poland.
Major sites
The technocomplex is named after findings in Kents Cavern, Lincombe Hill, Torquay
Torquay ( ) is a seaside town in Devon, England, part of the unitary authority area of Torbay. It lies south of the county town of Exeter and east-north-east of Plymouth, on the north of Tor Bay, adjoining the neighbouring town of Paignt ...
(Devon
Devon ( , historically known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in South West England. The most populous settlement in Devon is the city of Plymouth, followed by Devon's county town, the city of Exeter. Devon is ...
, England), the cave of Ilsenhöhle in Ranis (Thuringia
Thuringia (; german: Thüringen ), officially the Free State of Thuringia ( ), is a state of central Germany, covering , the sixth smallest of the sixteen German states. It has a population of about 2.1 million.
Erfurt is the capital and lar ...
, Germany), and the Jerzmanowicien cave in Ojców
Ojców is a village in Gmina Skała, in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship or Lesser Poland Province (in pl, województwo małopolskie ), also known as Małopolska, is a voivodeship (province), in southern Po ...
(Kraków County
__NOTOC__
Kraków County ( pl, powiat krakowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government ...
, Poland). About 40 different sites have been identified.Flas Damien. 2006. La transition du Paléolithique moyen au supérieur dans la plaine septentrionale de l'Europe. Les problématiques du Lincombien-Ranisien-Jerzmanowicien. PhD diss., Université de Liège, Belgium, 2006.
See also
* Transitional cultures : Châtelperronian -Uluzzian
The Uluzzian Culture is a transitional archaeological culture between the Middle paleolithic and the Upper Paleolithic, found in Italy and Greece.
A team led by archaeological scientist Katerina Douka has dated the Uluzzian as lasting from s ...
- Bohunician - Szeletian
* Follow-on cultures : Gravettian
The Gravettian was an archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic that succeeded the Aurignacian circa 33,000 years BP. It is archaeologically the last European culture many consider unified, and had mostly disappeared by ...
- Sungir - Kostenki Kostenki or Kostyonki (russian: Костёнки) may refer to:
* Kostenki, Kirov Oblast, a village in Murashinsky District of Kirov Oblast
* Kostenki, Smolensk Oblast, a village in Safonovsky District of Smolensk Oblast
* Kostyonki, Voronezh Ob ...
* Haplogroup I-M170
Haplogroup I (M170) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is a subgroup of haplogroup IJ, which itself is a derivative of the haplogroup IJK. Subclades I1 and I2 can be found in most present-day European populations, with peaks in some Norther ...
References
{{Authority control Archaeological cultures of Europe Upper Paleolithic cultures of Europe Archaeological cultures in Germany Archaeological cultures in Poland Archaeology of Wales Peopling of Europe Industries (archaeology)