The Limacinidae are a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of small

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, pteropods,

pelagic The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean and can be further divided into regions by depth. The word ''pelagic'' is derived . The pelagic zone can be thought of as an imaginary cylinder or water column between the sur ...

marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the

clade In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach t ...

Thecosomata The Thecosomata (collective/plural: ''thecosomes'', meaning "case/shell-body"), or sea butterflies, are a taxonomic suborder of small, pelagic, free-swimming sea snails known as holoplanktonic opisthobranch gastropod mollusks, in the order Pt ...

(

sea butterflies The Thecosomata (collective/plural: ''thecosomes'', meaning "case/shell-body"), or sea butterflies, are a taxonomic suborder of small, pelagic, free-swimming sea snails known as holoplanktonic opisthobranch gastropod mollusks, in the order ...

).Bouchet, P. (2012). Limacinidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=13704 on 2012-07-18

Genera

Genera within the family Limacinidae include: * '' Altaspiratella'' Korobkov, 1966 - synonym: ''Plotophysops'' Curry, 1982Cahuzac B. & Janssen A. W. (2010). "Eocene to Miocene holoplanktonic Mollusca (Gastropoda) of the Aquitaine Basin, southwest France". '' Scripta Geologica'' 141: http://www.scriptageologica.nl/10/nr141/a01 ** † ''A. elongatoidea'' (Aldrich, 1887) - type species of the genus ''Altaspiratella'' ** † ''A. bearnensis'' (Curry, 1982) ** † ''A. multispira'' (Curry, 1982) * '' Currylimacina'' Janssen, 2003Janssen A. W. (2003). "Notes on the systematics, morphology and biostratigraphy of fossil holoplanktonic Mollusca, 13. Considerations on a subdivision of Thecosomata, with the emphasis on genus group classification of Limacinidae". '' Cainozoic Research'' 2(1-2): 163-170
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. ** ''C. cossmanni'' (Curry, 1981) - type species of the genus * '' Heliconoides'' d'Orbigny, 1835 - ''Heliconoides'' may be split into various separate genera. ** † ''H. auriformis'' (Curry, 1982) ** † ''H. daguini'' Cahuzac & Janssen, 2010 ** † ''H. hospes'' (Rolle, 1861) ** (recent) '' H. inflatus'' (d'Orbigny, 1836) - type species of the genus = '' Limacina inflata'' (d'Orbigny, 1836) ** † ''H. linneensis'' Janssen, 2008 ** † ''H. mercinensis'' (Watelet & Lefèvre, 1885)Janssen A. W. (2010). "Pteropods (Mollusca, Euthecosomata) from the Early Eocene of Rotterdam (The Netherlands)". '' Scripta Geologica'' 07 http://www.scriptageologica.nl/10/nr007/a09 ** † ''H. merlei'' Cahuzac & Janssen, 2010 ** † ''H. mermuysi'' Cahuzac & Janssen, 2010 ** † ''H. nemoris'' (Curry, 1965) ** † ''H. paula'' (Curry, 1982) ** † ''H. pyrenaica'' Cahuzac & Janssen, 2010 ** † ''H. sondaari'' Janssen, 2007Janssen A. W. (2007). "Holoplanktonic Mollusca (Gastropoda: Pterotracheoidea, Janthinoidea, Thecosomata and Gymnosomata) from the Pliocene of Pangasinan (Luzon, Philippines)". '' Scripta Geologica'' 137 http://www.scriptageologica.nl/07/nr135/a02 ** † ''H. tertiaria'' (Tate, 1887) * '' Limacina'' Bosc, 1817 - type genus of the family Limacinidae * '' Striolimacina'' Janssen, 1999 ** † ''S. andaensis'' Janssen, 2007 ** † ''S. imitans'' (Gabb, 1873) - type species of the genus ''Striolimacina'' * '' Skaptotion'' Curry, 1965 * '' Thielea'' ** (recent) ''T. procera'' Strebel, 1908 = ''helicoides'' (Jeffreys, 1877) - ''Thielea procera'' is the type species of the genus. * new genus? ** '' 'Limacina' adornata'' Hodgkinson, 1992 ;Genera brought into synonymy: * ''Embolus'' Jeffreys, 1869: synonym of ''Heliconoides'' d'Orbigny, 1835 * ''Heterofusus'' Fleming, 1823; synonym of ''Limacina'' Bosc, 1817 * ''Lornia'' Marwick, 1926; synonym of ''Limacina'' Bosc, 1817 * ''Munthea'' van der Spoel, 1967; synonym of ''Limacina'' Bosc, 1817 * † ''Plotophysops'' Curry, 1982; synonym of † ''Altaspiratella'' Korobkov, 1966 * ''Polloneria'' Sulliotti, 1888: synonym of ''Heliconoides'' d'Orbigny, 1835 * ''Protomedea'' O. G. Costa, 1861; synonym of ''Heliconoides'' d'Orbigny, 1835 * ''Scaea'' Philippi, 1844: synonym of ''Limacina'' Bosc, 1817 * ''Spiratella'' Blainville, 1817: synonym of ''Limacina'' Bosc, 1817 * ''Spirialis'' Eydoux & Souleyet, 1840: synonym of ''Limacina'' Bosc, 1817 * ''Thilea''; synonym of ''Thielea'' Strebel, 1908

Genera

References

Further reading