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''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a
Radiation and diversification within the ''Ligularia''–''Cremanthodium''–''Parasenecio'' complex (Asteraceae) triggered by uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 38(1) 31-49. to 140 species in the genus, and over half are
. The name ''Ligularia'', from the Latin for "strap", refers to the shape of the ray florets. Some species and cultivars are cultivated as
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of Old World herbaceous
Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials.
Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous"
The fourth edition of ...
perennial plant
In horticulture, the term perennial (''wikt:per-#Prefix, per-'' + ''wikt:-ennial#Suffix, -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annual plant, annuals and biennial plant, biennials. It has thus been d ...
s in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family
Asteraceae () is a large family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchidaceae, and which is the larger fam ...
. They have yellow or orange composite
Composite or compositing may refer to:
Materials
* Composite material, a material that is made from several different substances
** Metal matrix composite, composed of metal and other parts
** Cermet, a composite of ceramic and metallic material ...
flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native
Native may refer to:
People
* '' Jus sanguinis'', nationality by blood
* '' Jus soli'', nationality by location of birth
* Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory
** Nat ...
to damp habitats mostly in central and eastern Asia, with a few species from Europe. There are about 120Liu, J. Q., et al. (2006)Radiation and diversification within the ''Ligularia''–''Cremanthodium''–''Parasenecio'' complex (Asteraceae) triggered by uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 38(1) 31-49. to 140 species in the genus, and over half are
endemic
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...
to China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
.Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 376 橐吾属 tuo wu shu ''Ligularia'' Cass.. The name ''Ligularia'', from the Latin for "strap", refers to the shape of the ray florets. Some species and cultivars are cultivated as
ornamentals
Ornamental plants or ''garden plants'' are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars th ...
. '' Ligularia dentata'' ‘Britt Marie Crawford’ ''Ligularia'' x ''hessei'' (''Ligularia dentata'' x ''Ligularia wilsoniana'') 'Gregynog Gold' and '' Ligularia przewalskii'' 'The Rocket' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society
The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity.
The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr ...
's Award of Garden Merit
The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions.
It includes the full range of cultivated p ...
. They are best grown in fertile, moist soil and full sun, with some shade at midday.
; Species
* '' Ligularia abakanica''
* '' Ligularia achyrotricha''
* '' Ligularia afghanica''
* ''Ligularia alatipes
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* ''Ligularia alpigena
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* ''Ligularia altaica
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* ''Ligularia alticola
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plants in the Senecioneae, groundsel tribe within the Asteraceae, sunflower family. They have yellow or orange pseudanthium, composite flower heads with ...
''
* ''Ligularia altissima
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native ...
''
* ''Ligularia amplexicaulis
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native ...
''
* ''Ligularia angusta
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are nativ ...
''
* ''Ligularia anoleuca
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are nativ ...
''
* ''Ligularia atkinsonii
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are nativ ...
''
* ''Ligularia atroviolacea
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are nativ ...
''
* '' Ligularia biceps''
* '' Ligularia botryodes''
* ''Ligularia brassicoides
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia bucovinensis''
* '' Ligularia cacaliiformis''
* '' Ligularia caloxantha''
* '' Ligularia calthifolia''
* '' Ligularia carpatica''
* '' Ligularia chalybea''
* '' Ligularia chekiangensis''
* '' Ligularia chimiliensis''
* '' Ligularia confertiflora''
* '' Ligularia coreana''
* ''Ligularia cremanthodioides
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia cuneata''
* '' Ligularia curvisquama''
* '' Ligularia cyathiceps''
* '' Ligularia cymbulifera''
* '' Ligularia cymosa''
* '' Ligularia dentata''
* '' Ligularia dictyoneura''
* '' Ligularia discoidea''
* '' Ligularia dolichobotrys''
* '' Ligularia duciformis''
* '' Ligularia dux''
* '' Ligularia eriocaulis''
* '' Ligularia euryphylla''
* '' Ligularia fangiana''
* '' Ligularia fargesii''
* '' Ligularia fauriei''
* ''Ligularia fischeri
''Ligularia fischeri'', known as gomchwi, Fischer's ragwort, or Fischer's leopard plant, is a species in the genus ''Ligularia'' (family Asteraceae). It is native to east Asia. Part of the plant's name commemorates the late 19th century German exp ...
''
* '' Ligularia franchetiana''
* '' Ligularia ghatsukupa''
* ''Ligularia glauca
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* ''Ligularia heterophylla
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia hodgsonii''
* '' Ligularia hookeri''
* '' Ligularia hopeiensis''
* '' Ligularia ianthochaeta''
* '' Ligularia intermedia''
* '' Ligularia jacquemontiana''
* '' Ligularia jaluensis''
* '' Ligularia jamesii''
* ''Ligularia japonica
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* '' Ligularia kaialpina''
* '' Ligularia kanaitzensis''
* '' Ligularia kangtingensis''
* '' Ligularia karataviensis''
* ''Ligularia kareliniana
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia kingiana''
* '' Ligularia knorringiana''
* '' Ligularia kojimae''
* '' Ligularia konkalingensis''
* '' Ligularia lamarum''
* '' Ligularia lanipes''
* '' Ligularia lankongensis''
* ''Ligularia lapathifolia
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* '' Ligularia latihastata''
* '' Ligularia latipes''
* '' Ligularia leveillei''
* '' Ligularia liatroides''
* ''Ligularia lidjiangensis
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* '' Ligularia limprichtii''
* '' Ligularia lingiana''
* '' Ligularia longifolia''
* '' Ligularia longihastata''
* '' Ligularia macrodonta''
* '' Ligularia macrophylla''
* ''Ligularia melanocephala
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native t ...
''
* '' Ligularia melanothyrsa''
* ''Ligularia microcardia
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plants in the Senecioneae, groundsel tribe within the Asteraceae, sunflower family. They have yellow or orange pseudanthium, composite flower heads with ...
''
* '' Ligularia microcephala''
* '' Ligularia mongolica''
* '' Ligularia muliensis''
* '' Ligularia myriocephala''
* '' Ligularia nanchuanica''
* '' Ligularia narynensis''
* ''Ligularia nelumbifolia
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia nyingchiensis''
* '' Ligularia odontomanes''
* '' Ligularia oligonema''
* '' Ligularia pachycarpa''
* '' Ligularia palmatifida''
* '' Ligularia paradoxa''
* '' Ligularia parvifolia''
* '' Ligularia pavlovii''
* ''Ligularia persica
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia petelotii''
* '' Ligularia petiolaris''
* ''Ligularia phoenicochaeta
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia phyllocolea''
* '' Ligularia platyglossa''
* '' Ligularia pleurocaulis''
* '' Ligularia potaninii''
* '' Ligularia przewalskii''
* '' Ligularia pterodonta''
* '' Ligularia purdomii''
* '' Ligularia pyrifolia''
* '' Ligularia retusa''
* '' Ligularia robusta''
* '' Ligularia rockiana''
* '' Ligularia ruficoma''
* '' Ligularia rumicifolia''
* '' Ligularia sachalinensis''
* '' Ligularia sagitta''
* '' Ligularia schizopetala''
* '' Ligularia schmidtii''
* ''Ligularia sibirica
''Ligularia sibirica'' is the type species for the genus ''Ligularia''. It is a 0.3-1.3 m tall perennial plant, perennial herbaceous plant, native to fens and damp grassy meadows in Siberia, Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. Once fairly ...
''
* '' Ligularia sichotensis''
* '' Ligularia songarica''
* ''Ligularia splendens
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plants in the Senecioneae, groundsel tribe within the Asteraceae, sunflower family. They have yellow or orange pseudanthium, composite flower heads with ...
''
* '' Ligularia stenocephala''
* '' Ligularia stenoglossa''
* '' Ligularia subsagittata''
* '' Ligularia subspicata''
* ''Ligularia talassica
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plants in the Senecioneae, groundsel tribe within the Asteraceae, sunflower family. They have yellow or orange pseudanthium, composite flower heads with ...
''
* '' Ligularia tenuicaulis''
* '' Ligularia tenuipes''
* '' Ligularia thomsonii''
* '' Ligularia thyrsoidea''
* '' Ligularia tissulaginea''
* '' Ligularia tongkyukensis''
* '' Ligularia tongolensis''
* ''Ligularia transversifolia
''Ligularia'' (leopard plant) is a genus of Old World herbaceous perennial plants in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family. They have yellow or orange composite flower heads with brown or yellow central disc florets, and are native to ...
''
* '' Ligularia trichocephala''
* '' Ligularia tsangchanensis''
* '' Ligularia veitchiana''
* '' Ligularia vellerea''
* '' Ligularia villosa''
* '' Ligularia virgaurea''
* '' Ligularia vorobievii''
* '' Ligularia wilsoniana''
* '' Ligularia xanthotricha''
* '' Ligularia yoshizoeana''
* '' Ligularia yunnanensis''
* '' Ligularia zhouquensis''
References
External links
* Asteraceae genera Taxa named by Henri Cassini {{Senecioneae-stub