''Libera'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of air-breathing
land snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...
s,
terrestrial
Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial.
Terrestrial may also refer to:
* Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...
pulmonate
Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group (previously an order, and before that, a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group inclu ...
gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusks in the family
Endodontidae
Endodontidae is a taxonomic family of very small air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Punctoidea.
This family, which includes both snails and slugs, appears to have once been much mo ...
.
Originally the genus ''Libera'' was placed within the family
Charopidae
Charopidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of small air-breathing land snails (and semi-slugs such as ''Otoconcha dimidiata''), terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Punctoi ...
.
Species
Species in the genus ''Libera'' include:
[ Solem A. (29 October 1976) "Endodontoid land snails from Pacific Islands (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Sigmurethra). Part I. Family Endodontidae". ]Field Museum of Natural History
The Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), also known as The Field Museum, is a natural history museum in Chicago, Illinois, and is one of the largest such museums in the world. The museum is popular for the size and quality of its educationa ...
, Chicago, Illinois
/ref>
* '' Libera bursatella'' (Gould, 1876)
** ''Libera bursatella bursatella'' (Gould, 1876)
** '' Libera bursatella orofenensis'' Solem, 1976
* '' Libera cavernula'' (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1847)
* '' Libera cookeana'' Solem, 1976
* '' Libera dubiosa'' (Ancey, 1889)
* '' Libera fratercula'' (Pease, 1867)
** ''Libera fratercula fratercula'' (Pease, 1867)
** '' Libera fratercula ratotongensis'' Solem, 1976
* '' Libera garrettiana'' Solem, 1976
* '' Libera gregaria'' Garret, 1884
* '' Libera heynemanni'' (Pfeiffer, 1862)
* '' Libera incognata'' Solem, 1976
* '' Libera kondoi'' Christensen, Khan & Kirch, 2018
* '' Libera micrasoma'' Solem, 1976
* '' Libera recedens'' Garret, 1884
* '' Libera retunsa'' (Pease, 1864)
* '' Libera spuria'' (Ancey, 1889)
* '' Libera streptaxon'' (Reeve, 1852)
* '' Libera subcavernula'' (Tryon, 1887) - extinct, the type species
* '' Libera tumuloides'' (Garrett, 1872) - extinct
* '' Libera umbilicata'' Solem, 1976
;Synonyms:
* ''Libera coarctata'' Garrett, 1884: synonym of '' Libera dubiosa'' Ancey, 1889 (invalid: junior homonym of ''Libera coarctata'' Pfeiffer, 1850)
* ''Libera jackquinoti'' (Pfeiffer, 1850): synonym of '' Libera cavernula'' (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1847)
Shell description
The genus ''Libera'' was described by Andrew Garrett in 1881. Garrett's type description reads as follows:[ Hedley C. (1 September 1892) "Observations on the Charopdae. Part I." ''Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales']
7
I): 157-169. Linnean Society of New South Wales
Plate 1
2.
Life cycle
These snails lay their eggs into the umbilicus of their own shells.[Heller J. (2001) Life history strategies]
page 419
413-445. In: Barker G. M. (ed.) The biology of terrestrial molluscs. Cabi Publishing. .
References
This article incorporates public domain text from the reference.
External links
* Bishop museum info
{{DEFAULTSORT:Libera (Gastropod)
Endodontidae