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Lianzhou (), formerly Lian County or Lianxian ( postal: Linhsien; ), is a
county-level city A county-level city () is a County-level divisions of China, county-level administrative division of the China, People's Republic of China. County-level cities have judiciary, judicial but no legislature, legislative rights over their own local or ...
in northern
Guangdong Province ) means "wide" or "vast", and has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in AD 226. The name "''Guang''" ultimately came from Guangxin ( zh, labels=no, first=t, t= , s=广信), an outpost established in Han dynasty ...
, China, and is the northernmost
county-level division The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. Ho ...
of the
prefecture-level city A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province of China, province and above a Counties of the People's Republic of China, county in China's ...
of
Qingyuan Qingyuan, formerly romanized as Tsingyun, is a prefecture-level city in northern Guangdong province, China, on the banks of the Bei or North River. During the 2020 census, its total population was 3,969,473, out of whom 1,738,424 lived in the ...
. It is known as the host city of the Lianzhou International Photography Festival (LIPF) and as a historic and cultural landmark of Guangdong Province.The History of Lianzhou
连州市政府门户网站.Retrieved June 10, 2014.


History

Lianzhou became part of the Changsha Commandery during the
Qin dynasty The Qin dynasty ( ) was the first Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China. It is named for its progenitor state of Qin, a fief of the confederal Zhou dynasty (256 BC). Beginning in 230 BC, the Qin under King Ying Zheng enga ...
. During the
Han dynasty The Han dynasty was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–206 BC ...
, which began in 206 BC, the Yangxian prefecture consisted of three cities: Lianzhou, Liannan, and Lianshan. Emperor Kaihuang later put Lianzhou in the Ben prefecture during the
Sui dynasty The Sui dynasty ( ) was a short-lived Dynasties of China, Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 581 to 618. The re-unification of China proper under the Sui brought the Northern and Southern dynasties era to a close, ending a prolonged peri ...
(581–618 AD). On December 8, 1949, the
Communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...
People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the military of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). It consists of four Military branch, services—People's Liberation Army Ground Force, Ground Force, People's ...
took over Lianzhou, then called Lianxian, from the
Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT) is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was the one party state, sole ruling party of the country Republic of China (1912-1949), during its rule from 1927 to 1949 in Mainland China until Retreat ...
. On December 20, 1949, the People's Government of Lianxian was established. On April 22, 1994, Lianxian was renamed Lianzhou City. In 1996, the government of Guangdong Province named Lianzhou as a National Famous Historic and Cultural City.


Geography

Located in the northwest portion of Guangdong, Lianzhou extends from 112° 47' to 112° 7' E
longitude Longitude (, ) is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east- west position of a point on the surface of the Earth, or another celestial body. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek lett ...
and from 24° 37'N to 25° 12' N
latitude In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate system, geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body. Latitude is given as an angle that ranges from −90° at t ...
. It is situated on the Lian River and the Little Bei River, southeast of
Yangshan County Yangshan County ( postal: Yeungshan; ) is a county in the northwest of Guangdong Province, China, bordering Hunan province to the north. It is under the administration of the city of Qingyuan. A military camp was established in the area in the l ...
, southwest of
Liannan County Liannan Yao Autonomous County ( postal: Linnam; ) is located in the north of Guangdong province, China, and is part of Qingyuan prefecture-level city. More than half the population of the county is of Yao ethnicity. Climate See also * Autonom ...
, and north of
Linwu County Linwu County () is a county in Hunan Province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chenzhou. Located on the southern margin of the province, it is adjacent to the southwest of the city proper in Chenzhou. The co ...
. The total area under the city's administration is 2,663.33 square kilometres (1,028.32 square miles). The Geographical Location of Lianzhou
连州市政府门户网站.Retrieved June 10, 2014.


Climate

Lianzhou has a
subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones immediately to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Ge ...
climate and is affected by the
monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in Atmosphere of Earth, atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annu ...
. From October through March, it experiences the
northeast monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscill ...
, and from April through September, it experiences the summer monsoon, mainly with a southwest
wind Wind is the natural movement of atmosphere of Earth, air or other gases relative to a planetary surface, planet's surface. Winds occur on a range of scales, from thunderstorm flows lasting tens of minutes, to local breezes generated by heatin ...
. The city's
mountain climate Alpine climate is the typical climate for elevations above the tree line, where trees fail to grow due to cold. This climate is also referred to as a mountain climate or highland climate. Definition There are multiple definitions of alpine cli ...
is good for crop growth and four-season
tillage Tillage is the agriculture, agricultural preparation of soil by mechanical wikt:agitation#Noun, agitation of various types, such as digging, stirring, and overturning. Examples of manual labour, human-powered tilling methods using hand tools inc ...
.The Climate Feature of Lianzhou
连州市政府门户网站.Retrieved June 10, 2014.


Administrative divisions

Lianzhou consists of ten towns (Lianzhou, Bao'an, Xingzi, Longping, Xian, Dongbei, Fengyang, Xijiang, Jiubei, and Dalubian) and two nationality townships (Yao'an and Sanshui).An overview of Lianzhou city
Chinese Administrative Division Network.Retrieved June 10, 2014.


Population

From 1953 to 2000, Lianzhou participated in five nationwide censuses:
Database of Conditions of Guangdong province.Retrieved June 10, 2014.


Cityscape


Natural features

The natural environment of Lianzhou has been noted by poets such as
Liu Yuxi Liu Yuxi ( Wade-Giles: Liu Yü-hsi; zh, t=劉禹錫, p=Liú Yǔxī, Liú Yǔxí; 772–842) was a Chinese essayist, philosopher, and poet active during the Tang dynasty. Biography Family background and education His ancestors were Xiongnu noma ...
and intellectuals such as
Han Yu Han Yu (; 76825 December 824), courtesy name Tuizhi (), and commonly known by his posthumous name Han Wengong (韓文公), was an essayist, Confucian scholar, poet, and government official during the Tang dynasty who significantly influenced t ...
, who wrote about the area's landscape in '' Yanxiting Ji'' (). In the late
Ming Dynasty The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of ...
, Qu Dajun explored the gorges in the
Lingnan Lingnan (; ) is a geographic area referring to the lands in the south of the Nanling Mountains. The region covers the modern China, Chinese subdivisions of Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong & Macau and Northern Vietnam. Background The ar ...
area and wrote '' Guangdong Xinyu'', in which he praised the
Huangchuan Three Gorges Huangchuan is an ancient name for Lianjiang River. The river rises in Hongyan Mountain of Xingzi Town. It flows through Lianzhou, Yangshan, Yingde and finally merges with the Beijiang River at the mouth of Liangjiang River. The crystal clear and ...
. Tanling Rae'era is the highest lake in Guangdong Province, 640 meters above
sea level Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an mean, average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal Body of water, bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical ...
. The Lianzhou Underground River, which runs through four mountains, is approximately 1,500 meters in length. Called "The First Underground River in Guangdong Province", it has many oddly-shaped
stalactite A stalactite (, ; , ) is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension (chemistry ...
s, sea fogs, steep cliffs, old pines,
thermal springs A hot spring, hydrothermal spring, or geothermal spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater onto the surface of the Earth. The groundwater is heated either by shallow bodies of magma (molten rock) or by cir ...
, and
waterfall A waterfall is any point in a river or stream where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of steep drops. Waterfalls also occur where meltwater drops over the edge of a tabular iceberg or ice shelf. Waterfalls can be formed in seve ...
s.


Cultural sites

Lianzhou's cultural monuments include
Yanxi Arbour Yanxi may refer to: Locations in China ;Fujian *Yanxi, Changtai County (岩溪), a town in Changtai County *Yanxi Subdistrict (燕西街道), a subdistrict in Yong'an ;Hunan *Yanxi, Anhua County (烟溪), a town in Anhua County *Yanxi, Liuyang ( ...
, which was built during the
Tang Dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, c=唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an Wu Zhou, interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed ...
, and Huiguang Tower, which was constructed during the
Northern and Southern dynasties The Northern and Southern dynasties () was a period of political division in the history of China that lasted from 420 to 589, following the tumultuous era of the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Eastern Jin dynasty. It is sometimes considered a ...
more than 1,500 years ago. It is known as the Oriental Leaning Tower for its tilt. The Fushan Old Temple, one of the
Grotto-heavens Grotto-heavens () or Dongtian are a type of sacred Taoist site. Grotto-heavens are usually caves, grottoes, mountain hollows, or other underground spaces. In the Tang dynasty, immortals were thought to have lived in certain immortal cave-heav ...
of
Taoists Taoism or Daoism (, ) is a diverse philosophical and religious tradition indigenous to China, emphasizing harmony with the Tao ( zh, p=dào, w=tao4). With a range of meaning in Chinese philosophy, translations of Tao include 'way', 'road', ' ...
,History and culture
连州市政府门户网站.Retrieved June 10, 2014.
was also built during the Northern and Southern dynasties.


References


External links


Lianzhou Tourism Network
{{authority control County-level cities in Guangdong Qingyuan