Lev Grigorievich Lopatinsky (; 18 January 1842 – 21 August 1922) was a Ukrainian and Russian

linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of language. The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), Morphology (linguistics), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds ...

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of ...

ethnographer Ethnography is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. It explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject of the study. Ethnography is also a type of social research that involves examining ...

historian A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human species; as well as the ...

and researcher of the languages of the

peoples of the Caucasus The peoples of the Caucasus, or Caucasians, are a diverse group comprising more than 50 ethnic groups throughout the Caucasus. By language group Language families indigenous to the Caucasus Caucasians who speak languages which have l ...

Biography

Born and raised in

Dolyna Dolyna (, ; ; ) is a List of cities in Ukraine, city in Kalush Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, south-western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Dolyna urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: In 2001, population was around ...

(modern

Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (), also referred to as Ivano-Frankivshchyna () or simply Frankivshchyna, is an administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast (region) in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Ivano-Frankivsk. It has a pop ...

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

). After graduating from the he studied at the

Charles University Charles University (CUNI; , UK; ; ), or historically as the University of Prague (), is the largest university in the Czech Republic. It is one of the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, oldest universities in the world in conti ...

, then at the

University of Lviv The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, ) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko. The university is the oldest institution of highe ...

, graduating in 1864. For some time he taught in

Lviv Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...

simultaneously doing literary work. In the same year his translation into Ukrainian of the story of the Czech writer P. Khokholushka "Coconut Field" was published, and the following year he published the "People's calendar for the ordinary year 1865". From 1866 he lived in the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

. He worked as a

Latin language Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

teacher in the gymnasiums of

Kyiv Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

, Ufa,

Pyatigorsk Pyatigorsk (; Circassian languages, Circassian: Псыхуабэ, ''Psıxwabæ'') is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Stavropol Krai, Russia, located on the Podkumok River, about from the town of Mineralnye Vody, which has an i ...

and other cities and published the Latin-Russian dictionary and the Guide for basic teaching of the Latin language, which was published in 5 editions. In 1883 he was appointed head of the Pyatigorsk gymnasium, later assistant trustee of the Caucasian educational district from

Leipzig Leipzig (, ; ; Upper Saxon: ; ) is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Saxony. The city has a population of 628,718 inhabitants as of 2023. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, eighth-largest city in Ge ...

University. For the publication of " Kabardian Grammar with a Dictionary", for which the Academic Council of Leipzig University awarded him the title of

doctor of philosophy A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of Postgraduate education, graduate study and original resear ...

and Master of Arts. Since 1917 Lev Lopatinsky has been working as an

assistant professor Assistant professor is an academic rank just below the rank of an associate professor used in universities or colleges, mainly in the United States, Canada, Japan, and South Korea. Overview This position is generally taken after earning a doct ...

at the Transcaucasian University and after its

liquidation Liquidation is the process in accounting by which a Company (law), company is brought to an end. The assets and property of the business are redistributed. When a firm has been liquidated, it is sometimes referred to as :wikt:wind up#Noun, w ...

(1919) as a professor at

Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...

University. It is known that Lev Lopatinsky spoke almost all

Caucasian languages The Caucasian languages comprise a large and extremely varied array of languages spoken by more than ten million people in and around the Caucasus Mountains, which lie between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Linguistic comparison allows t ...

and their dialect varieties. By this time his works: “Lectures on Caucasian Studies", "Introduction", "The connection of

with others" and his researches "Mstislav Tmutarakansky and Rededya according to the legend of the

Circassians The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe language, Adyghe and ), are a Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in t ...

", Kabardian legend "Beauty Elena and the hero-woman", "

Talysh Talysh may refer to: *Talysh people, an ethnic group of Iran and Azerbaijan **Talysh language, the West Iranian language of these people ** Talysh, a historical region on the southwestern coast of the Caspian Sea, inhabited by the Talysh people *T ...

texts". Lev Lopatinsky was one of the founders and invariable head of the Caucasian Department of the Moscow Archaeological Society, which studied and systematized numerous information from the life of the

Transcaucasian The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, ...

ethnic groups, the specifics of their languages and folklore heritage, he aldo was the editor of the "Collection of materials for describing localities" and "

Turks Turk or Turks may refer to: Communities and ethnic groups * Turkish people, or the Turks, a Turkic ethnic group and nation * Turkish citizen, a citizen of the Republic of Turkey * Turkic peoples, a collection of ethnic groups who speak Turkic lang ...

, their language and literature", "Turkic folk literature", "

Azerbaijani literature Azerbaijani literature (, ) is written in Azerbaijani, a Turkic language, which is the official state language of the Republic of Azerbaijan, where the North Azerbaijani variety is spoken. It is also natively spoken in Iran, where the Sout ...

", " Nizami and his contemporaries". He gave 30 years of his life to work on the "Collection" and worked on this editing until 1924. He died on 21 August 1922 in Baku. His grandson is the famous Soviet mathematician Yaroslav Lopatynskyi.

Awards

In 1917, the Academy of Sciences of Russia awarded him the Baron Rosen medal for his work in the field of

Oriental studies Oriental studies is the academic field that studies Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology. In recent years, the subject has often been turned into the newer terms of Middle Eastern studie ...

and

archaeology Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...

Bibliography

* «Латинская книга для чтения» (Latin book to read.

, 1871) * «Народный календарь» (Folk calendar, 1861) * «Кабардинская грамматика со славаремъ» ( Kabardian grammar with a dictionary) * «Краткая Кабардинская грамматика» (Brief Kabardian grammar, 1891) * «Русско-кабардинский словарь с обратным указателем» (Russian-Kabardian dictionary with reverse index) * «Суффиксы русского языка. Влияние кавказских языков на их образование» (Suffixes of the Russian language. The influence of Caucasian languages on their education, 1902), * «Заметки об особенностях нальчикского говора» (Notes on the features of the

Nalchik Nalchik (, ; ; ) is the capital city of Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia, situated at an altitude of in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about northwest of Beslan (Beslan is in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania). It covers an area of ...

dialect, 1904), * «Кое-что о кумыках и об их языке» (Something about the

Kumyks Kumyks (, ) are a Turkic ethnic group living in Dagestan, Chechnya and North Ossetia. They are the largest Turkic people in the North Caucasus. They traditionally populate the Kumyk Plateau (northern Dagestan and northeastern Chechnya), la ...

and their language) * «Русско-кабардинский словарь с указателем и краткой грамматикой» (

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

- Kabardian dictionary, 1890

https://rusneb.ru/catalog/000199_000009_003658214/] * "Талышинские тексты" ( Talysh language, Talysh texts, 1894) * «Кабардинская азбука» ( Kabardian alphabet, 1906).

References

External links

180 years have passed since the birth of the researcher of the languages of the peoples of the Caucasus Lev Lopatinsky
- bloknot-stavropol.ru.
Scientific, educational and pedagogical activity of L. G. Lopatinsky, T. P. Kashezhev and P. I. Tambiev in the North Caucasus
- nauka-pedagogika.com.
"Pyatigorsk Museum of Local Lore": Lev Lopatinsky
- pkm1903.ru/museum. {{Authority control 1842 births People from Dolyna 1922 deaths Charles University alumni Linguists from the Russian Empire Ethnographers from the Russian Empire Linguists from Ukraine Ukrainian ethnographers University of Lviv alumni People from the Austrian Empire Immigrants to the Russian Empire

Biography

Awards

Bibliography

See also

References

External links