Leucothrinax

''Leucothrinax morrisii'', the Key thatch palm, is a small palm which is native to the Greater Antilles (except Jamaica), northern Lesser Antilles, The Bahamas and Florida and the Florida Keys in the United States.

Until 2008 it was known as ''Thrinax morrisii''. It was split from the genus ''Thrinax'' after phylogenetic studies showed that its inclusion in ''Thrinax'' would render that genus paraphyletic. The generic name combines ''leuco'' (in reference to the whitish colour of its flowering stalks and the undersides of its leaves) with ''thrinax''.

Common names

''Leucothrinax morrisii'' is known as the "Key thatch palm" or the "brittle thatch palm" in the United States. In Anguilla it is called the "broom palm" or "buffalo-top", in The Bahamas, ''miraguano'' in Cuba and ''palma de escoba'' in Puerto Rico. Other common names include "small-fruited thatch palm", ''yaray'', ''pandereta'', ''palma de petate'', ''palma de cogollo'', ''guano de sierra'', and ''palmita''.

Description

''Leucothrinax morrisii'' is a palmate-leaved palm with solitary brown or grey stems tall and in diameter. Leaves are pale blue-green or yellow-green, whitish on the undersides. Petioles are long with split petioles. The leaflets are long and wide. The inflorescences extend beyond the leaves and are long. The fruit are white, and turn yellow as they mature.

Distribution

''Leucothrinax morrisii'' is native to the Florida mainland and Keys, the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola (in the Dominican Republic and Haiti), Puerto Rico, Navassa Island, Saint Barthélemy, both the U.S. and British Virgin Islands, and Saint Kitts and Nevis.

It is found in dry, deciduous forests and scrub and coastal areas. In the Florida Keys it grows at the edge of hardwood hammocks and in pinelands, while in Puerto Rico, it is found on cliffs and on limestone and ultramafic ridges. It can tolerate drought, and frequent salt spray.

Taxonomy

''Leucothrinax'' is a monotypic genus—it includes only one species, ''L. morrisii''. The species was originally described by German botanist Hermann Wendland, who placed it in the genus ''Thrinax''.

In the first edition of '' Genera Palmarum'' (1987), Natalie Uhl and John Dransfield placed the genus ''Thrinax'' in the subfamily Coryphoideae, the tribe Corypheae and the subtribe Thrinacinae using Harold E. Moore's 1973 classification of the palm family. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis showed that the Old World and New World members of the Thrinacinae were not closely related. As a consequence of this, ''Thrinax'' and related genera were placed in their own tribe, Cryosophileae. A study of the phylogenetic relationships among Caribbean palms showed that the species then known as ''Thrinax morrisii'' was most closely related to '' Coccothrinax'', '' Hemithrinax'' and '' Zombia'', with the remainder of the genus ''Thinax'' being a sister group to this clade. Since the continued inclusion of this genus would render ''Thrinax'' paraphyletic, it was split off into a new genus, ''Leucothrinax''.

Uses

Stems of the plant are used for poles and the leaves are used for thatch and weaving.

References

{{Taxonbar, from1=Q13426968, from2=Q149586

Coryphoideae
Monotypic Arecaceae genera
Trees of Northern America
Trees of the Caribbean
Flora of the Dominican Republic