Leopold Alexander Friedrich Arends (4 December 1817 in Rukiškis,

Vilna Governorate The Vilna Governorate was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire. In 1897, the governorate covered an area of and had a population of 1,591,207 inhabitants. The governorate was defined by the Minsk Governo ...

(now

Anykščiai district Anykščiai (; see other names) is a ski resort city in Lithuania, west of Utena. The Roman Catholic Church of St. Matthias in Anykščiai is the tallest church in Lithuania, with spires measuring in height. Anykščiai has a resort status i ...

Lithuania Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, P ...

) – 22 December 1882,

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) was a

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

stenographer and inventor of a system of

stenography Shorthand is an abbreviated symbolic writing method that increases speed and brevity of writing as compared to longhand, a more common method of writing a language. The process of writing in shorthand is called stenography, from the Greek ''s ...

extensively used on the Continent, especially in

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Bibliography

* Leopold Arends, "Das Wunderreich der Natur" (1858) * Leopold Arends, "Vollständiger Leitfaden" (ed. 20, 1891) * Rätzsch, ''"Das System Arends"'' (1884) 1817 births 1882 deaths Emigrants from the Russian Empire People from Anykščiai District Municipality People from Vilkomirsky Uyezd Creators of writing systems {{Germany-scientist-stub